• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.291-307
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• 2018

As the value of lifelong learning becomes important, states are making efforts to build a system of lifelong learning. According to this tendency, this paper intends to compare the participation rate of lifelong learning, learning outcomes, learning support infrastructure, support of learning expenses, and recognition of lifelong learning. For the comparative pedagogical approach, Bray and Thomas' cubes such as geographical / regional level, non - geographical demographic statistics, social and educational aspects were utilized. The participation rate of lifelong learning in Korea is 34.4% in 2017, which is lower than the OECD average of 46%. The competency scores of Korean adults were lower than the OECD national averages of the PIAAC survey which measured adult competence, language ability, numeracy, and computer-based problem solving ability. In order to recognize prior learning, EU countries have developed EQFs to evaluate all non-formal and informal learning outcomes, while Korea recognizes qualification as a credit banking credit under the academic credit banking system. International comparisons of lifelong learning can be used as an important tool for diagnosing the actual conditions of lifelong learning in a country and establishing future lifelong learning policies. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain that the comparative pedagogical approach of lifelong learning differs according to the historical context, socioeconomic characteristics, and population dynamics, including the formation process and characteristics of modern countries.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.170-181
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• 2020

In a situation where population decline is intensifying, the decline of local mid-small sized cities is emerging as a social problem. The decline will increase the difficulty of supplying demand-based living services. Therefore, increasing accessibility to living services is important for quality of life. With this background, the purpose of this study is to derive living zones that can use high-order services in metropolitan cities through high-speed railway. To this end, the behaviors of residents in mid-small sized cities were investigated through a questionnaire, and living zones and vulnerable areas were derived through a GIS analysis. The results of the study are summarized as follows. First, most of the residents had experience using cultural, medical, shopping, and educational services in metropolitan cities. Second, the time required to visit a metropolitan city for the use of higher-order services was about 2 hours, and the desired time was about 50 minutes. Third, when accessibility is improved, the willingness to use the higher-order service of the metropolitan city is high. Fourth, many regions have been derived as living zones where services of metropolitan cities can be used through high-speed rail. Lastly, the major vulnerable areas were found to be the northern area of the Gangwon region, the northern area of the Yeongnam region, the west coast of Chungnam, and the border area of Jeonnam and Gyeongnam.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.51-63
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• 2022

COVID-19 has had a detrimental effect on urban vibrancy, particularly in urban commercial districts. Against this backdrop, the goal of this study is to examine the changes in social and economic vitality in Seoul's commercial area before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, and to identify influential factors for the changes in vitality using multinomial logistic analysis. The following are the key findings derived from the study. First, an examination of the changes in the vitality of commercial districts by type revealed that the decline in economic vitality was greater than the decline in social vitality. Second, the greater the residential ratio, the less harmful the impact of COVID-19 on urban vibrancy. Third, unlike other types of commercial districts, traditional markets had a minor increase in credit card sales even though the floating population fell during the COVID-19 pandemic. Fourth, the accessibility of the subway did not play a positive role in reversing the decline in social and economic vitality caused by the pandemic in the commercial district of Seoul; rather, the accessibility of private automobiles contributed to the increase in social and economic vitality. These results imply that the development and activation of commercial areas accessible by non-motorized modes in the residential neighborhood are becoming crucial in the post pandemic era.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.3-17
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• 2022

This study aims to empirically analyze the impacts of the topographic characteristics of residential areas and the characteristics of land use and transportation on average trip distance of the senior citizens in Busan Metropolitan city. Multiple regression is conducted to accomplish the purpose of this study, and the conclusions and policy implications of the analysis are as follows. First, the average and standard deviation of the residential areas are significantly related to average trip distance of the senior citizens. Thus, urban transportation policies need to take account of the topographic characteristics of the residential areas. Second, average distance from the nearest subway station and density of bus stops have positive and negative association respectively. Mobility improvement polices for senior citizens should consider urban spatial structure and different approach processes to transportation facilities by modes. Third, mobility and residential environment improvement policies for senior citizens should take into account different sociodemographic characteristics by locations. This shows that the mobility convenience policy for senior citizens is more necessary than any other policy for administrative dong, where traffic access is relatively low and the single senior citizen population is concentrated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Industrial Safety Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.335-338
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• 2003

최근의 통계에 따르면 국내의 인터넷 인용율은 2000년도에 44.7%, 2001년도에 56.6%, 2002년도에는 55.2%로 아이슬랜드(60.8%), 스웨덴(57.3%)에 이어 세계에서 세번째로 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 인구 100명당 PC보급율 또한 미국(62.5대), 덴마크(57.68대)에 이어 한국(55.58대)이 세계3위를 기록해 명실상부한 정보화 선진국임이 입증되고 있다. 따라서 잘 발달된 infrastructure을 이용하는 기술개발은 초고속정보이용을 가능케하고 있다. 근래에 들어 인터넷을 기반으로 기본적인 활용인 문자, 음성 및 영상 전송 등의 데이터 전송뿐만 아니라, 근래에는 인터넷을 통한 remote control 및 monitoring system에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 기존의 증류공정은 DCS(Dispersion Control System)로써 공정상태(온도, 압력, 유량, 레벨, 순도등)를 Control room까지 선로를 통하여 신호전달이 이루어지고 있다. 따라서, 제한된 지역에서만 I/O(Input/output)이 이루어지고 있다. 이로 인해 안전감시시스템의 효율성이 떨어지고 있는 게 사실이다. 본 연구에서는 PC기반의 프로그램을 바탕으로 인터넷을 이용한 remote control 및 monitoring system을 개발함으로써 close Network에서 Open Network으로 발전시켰다. 여기서 local plant의 안전시스템 알고리즘은 그대로 Server system에 도입하였으며 사용자의 실정에 맞게 손쉽게 설정을 할 수 있도록 확장성을 높였다. 이는 PC기반의 시스템을 구축함으로써 가능하게 된 것이다. 또한, 웹 상에서의 무차별적 접근으로부터 보호하기 위하여 감시 대상의 성질에 따라 프로그램상에서 차별적 접근형식을 택할 수 있으며, control room의 indicator들과 controller를 프로그램상에 그대로 이식시킴으로써 감시자에게 충분한 정보제공 및 원격제어가 가능하도록 하고있다.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.83-94
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• 2018

This study is to analyze the difference of satisfaction according to the usage motivation of Live video streaming and characteristics of the adopter(early adopters, late adopters). For this purpose, we conducted a survey of 283 people in the age of 10~30 using AfreecaTV. As a result of the study, users spending daily hours on watching Afreeca TV showed a positive effect on the usage motivation. It shows only one difference in education level between the demographic characteristics, based on the adopter characteristics. Also the differences in the satisfaction factors were found to be habits, communication, entertainment accessibility in the early adopters and accessibility, credibility, habits, accessibility were significant influences on the late adopters.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.341-341
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• 2017

토석류는 기본적으로 강우에 기인하는 산지재해이다. 따라서 국토의 64%가 산지인 동시에 여름철 강우가 집중되는 우리나라의 특성상 토석류가 발생할 가능성이 상당히 크다. 또한 최근 높은 인구밀도로 인하여 불가피하게 토석류 발생 시 큰 인명피해마저 우려되고 있는 실정이다. 토석류저감을 위해서 FLO-2D, RAMMS, DEBRIS-2D 등의 다양한 수치해석 프로그램들이 개발되어왔다. 이러한 프로그램들을 통해 토석류를 해석하려면 조사하려는 지역의 지형자료를 습득하는 것이 선행되어져야 한다. 하지만 토석류 재해지역의 접근성 및 위험성을 감안할 때 해당 지역으로의 접근이 곤란하여 지형자료를 직접 얻는 것은 어려운 경우가 대부분이다. 본 연구에서는 토석류 재해 위험지역에서 드론촬영을 실시하여 후처리 프로그램을 통해 해당 지역의 DEM을 생성하였다. 생성한 DEM이 효용가치를 지니려면 실제 지형과의 차이를 최소한으로 가져야 한다. 따라서 드론촬영으로 생성한 DEM을 수치지도를 통해 생성한 DEM과 비교하여 좌표의 편차, 고도의 편차 등을 계산하였다. 또한 각각의 DEM 자료에 FLO-2D를 적용하여 토석류 재해 위험지역에 설치된 사방시설의 저감능력을 확인해보았다. 두 DEM의 비교분석을 통해 드론촬영으로 생성한 DEM이 충분한 실용성을 지니고 있음을 확인하였고, 또한 해당 지점에 설치된 사방시설의 저감능력을 다방면으로 확인할 수 있었다. 연구결과, 현재 급부상하고 있는 드론을 통해 사방사업을 효율적으로 진행할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 이는 토석류 저감 부문에서 큰 효과를 발휘할 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.576-594
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to derive policy implications in allocating day care centers for the elderly with more efficiency and/or equity by calculating and analysing the accessibility scores of individual dongs to day care centers for the elderly in Seoul using GIS spatial analysis techniques. The study finds that the spatial distribution of the centers does not respond to the distribution of the potential users very well and that dongs in Gangseo-gu and Songpa-gu at the outskirt of Seoul has the lowest level of accessibility. The findings of the study has policy implications in the management of day care centers for the elderly. First, in order to improve the accessibility of the elderly to the centers, an increase in the number and the capacity of the centers needs to be made especially in areas with lower level of services provided. Second, if policy decision is made in the way to increase the capacity of the existing centers rather than to increase the number of centers due to, for example, the budget limit, capacity expansion needs to be made in the centers with higher proximity in order for more elderly people to use the centers more frequently with easy access. Finally, this type of accessibility analysis techniques needs to be used to allocate, expand, and evaluate other types of care facilities for the elderly and social welfare facilities in order to preserve the welfare right of the users of the facility who usually have a lower mobility and to assure the necessity of the resource investment.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.5-37
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• 2000

In this paper we have reviewed major theories of international migration by three phases of migration : initiation, perpetuation, and adjustment. Through the review it is found that factors affecting the three phases are not mutually exclusive but interrelated, and argued that for a comprehensive understanding of the phenomena we need a theoretical guideline useful to locate all the important factors associated to the entire process of migration. Neoclassical economic theory which has played a leading role in migration research. fails to be such a guideline. since it is grounded on the unrealistic assumption of rationality and does not take into account for historical-structural factors, as neo-Marxian theorists have claimed. Two major Marxian theories, dual labor market theory and world system theory, have been successful to identify macro-structural factors that induce main flows of international migration, but do not so in exploring situational factors affecting the process of migration, especially social and cultural factors. Accordingly this study proposes that in order to grasp international migration process comprehensively we need to research the phenomena in view of action system theory, that is, to study migrants\` economic, political, social, and cultural situations inclusively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.159-168
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• 2022

Local governments should try to resolve the inequality of living SOC (Social Overhead Capital) and construct spatial information on the location of living SOCs and optimal locations. This study analyzed the accessibility, equity, and optimal location of the living SOC, considering the research needs related to the living SOC. The target facility is core living facilities(a public library, a park, a culture center, and a public daycare center). The analysis area is Suwon city in Gyeonggi province, and the base year of the analysis is 2020. The study calculated accessibility per population in a microscopic neighborhood living area(200m×200m). The Gini coefficient was used to identify the regional disparity in accessibility among Dong regions. The optimal location was explored with the Maximal Covering Location Problem theory. As a result, spatial accessibility of facilities except for public daycare centers revealed a large gap between regions. Areas with excellent accessibility also showed significant variations in the facilities. The regional disparity in living SOC was the largest in culture centers, followed by parks, public daycare centers, and public libraries. The optimal locations for public libraries, parks, and culture centers are concentrated in the old downtown, while those of public daycare centers are found throughout Suwon city. The results of this study are the crucial contents of spatial planning for SOC supply in local governments. Therefore, follow-up studies will be able to refer to the analysis structure and results of the study.