• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2001

A number of tangible cultural properties have been left to suffering damage without any scientific conservation or maintenance. We conducted nondestructive geophysical explorations around the Western pagoda of the Iksan Mireuksa Temple for the purpose of preparing the counterplan of its conservation and maintenance and of utilizing the geophysical information for the design of repair. Geophysical image of the shallow subsurface around the construct resulting from electric resistivity, seismic refraction, and GPR methods carried out along 6 lines in the site was used to investigate the relationship between the foundation characteristics and the structural safety. Tilting of the pagoda southwest towards seems to result from the low resistivity zones found in the southwestern part. The GPR and seismic surveys revealed a boundary at depth of 3.3～3.5m dividing into two layers, compacted overlaid soil and the original ground. The boundary appears to dip southwest. The artificial layer as a foundation does not covers as much as the bottom area of the pagoda. This top soil dipping southwest seems to result in tilting of foundation southwestward towards. Our geophysical result suggests ground reinforcement in the western part of the survey area for the conservation of the construct.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.451-460
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a modified constraint induced movement therapy (mCIMT) using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on the upper extremity function and activities of daily living (ADLs) in patients with subacute stroke. Methods: Fourteen participants with subacute stroke were randomly assigned to a group using both mCIMT and PNF or a group using mCIMT alone. Each group underwent twenty sessions (1 h/d, 5 d/wk) for 4 weeks. Patients were assessed with the action research arm test (ARAT), the Fugl-Meyer assessment for the upper extremities (FMA-UE), the Modified Barthel Index (MBI), and motor activity logs (MALs; amount of use [AOU] and quality of movement [QOM]). Results: Both the experimental group and the control group showed significant intragroup improvement in the ARAT, FMA-UE, MBI, and MAL-AOU (p<0.05). The group using both mCIMT and PNF exhibited greater improvement in the ARAT, FMA-UE, MBI, and MAL-AOU than did the group using mCIMT alone. Statistical analyses showed significant differences in the ARAT (p=0.01), FMA-UE (p=0.01), MBI (p=0.00), and MAL-AOU (p=0.01) between the groups. Conclusion: This study applied mCIMT combined with PNF for subacute stroke patients, and the results showed significant improvements in the patients' upper extremity function and ADLs. Therefore, mCIMT using PNF may be more effective than mCIMT alone in improving upper limb function and ADLs in patients with subacute stroke.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.205-212
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• 2009

Intelligent Transport Systems(ITS) has been currently growing attention in industry as hightech traffic system and ITS infrastructure has been built not only on expressway but also on national highways. Although the effect of ITS installation on national highways is not easy to measure with quantitative methodology, it is necessary to develop the quantitative method to verify the effect accurate analysis of ITS effect. In this study, the analysis of cost efficiency of ITS project carried out by Iksan Regional Constriction Management Administration(IRCMA) was conducted. Analysis period and discount rate were assumed as 10 years and 5.5%, respectively. Several measures of the effect including reduction of travel time, CO2 discharged and fuel and the value of Variable Message Sign(VMS) information were proposed. Concludingly, ITS project implemented by IRCMA appeared to be cost effective, indicating 1.20 of B/C ratio, 12.4% of IRR and W1.48 billion of NPV.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

This article is the results of excavation data and it aims to interpret the composition facilities of the Royal garden at the Wanggung-ri site. The base of research was prepared through excavation and study on the royal garden at the Wanggung-ri site, which was constructed in Sa-bi period of Baek-je. The elements for the royal garden at the Wanggung-ri site were divided in 3 parts. - 1) Stonework facility 2) Installation for conveyance of water : Large moat-shaped ditch and Winding waterway(1~6 and water catchment) 3) Square cornerstone building. In this article, I arrange the basic data about facilities and function of the royal garden for making recovery of original form. First of all, I reason that stonework facilities were in charge to make space for catchment and boundary. Especially the Round angel rectangular stonework facility took charge of complex roles as catchment and water conveyance, and water can be transferred to the large moat-shaped ditch through joint between them. I confirmed that the round angel rectangular stonework facility and the large moat-shaped ditch which were connected by joint are one of the facilities in the royal garden. The large moat-shaped ditch protected the eastern, the northern walls and workshop site under the inclined plane to minimize the damage. Also, the large moat-shaped ditch took several roles, especially water catchments and landscaping. The large moat-shaped ditch was continually used from the period of Baek-je to the unified Silla, as a result it was completely deposited inside. After that, the 6 winding waterway were built in the western inclined plane with similar needs with the large moat-shaped ditch, and the square cornerstone building was built in same time. I noticed that the square cornerstone building was built as a part of the royal garden in Sa-bi period of Baek-je through the remains of Baek-je tiles around the building. After that, the square cornerstone building was built in same place as reconstruction.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.60-70
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to investigate whether fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy can be applied to simultaneous determination of fatty acids contents in different soybean cultivars. Total 153 lines of soybean (Glycine max Merrill) were examined by FT-IR spectroscopy. Quantification of fatty acids from the soybean lines was confirmed by quantitative gas chromatography (GC) analysis. The quantitative spectral variation among different soybean lines was observed in the amide bond region ($1,700{\sim}1,500cm^{-1}$), phosphodiester groups ($1,500{\sim}1,300cm^{-1}$) and sugar region ($1,200{\sim}1,000cm^{-1}$) of FT-IR spectra. The quantitative prediction modeling of 5 individual fatty acids contents (palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid) from soybean lines were established using partial least square regression algorithm from FT-IR spectra. In cross validation, there were high correlations ($R^2{\geq}0.97$) between predicted content of 5 individual fatty acids by PLS regression modeling from FT-IR spectra and measured content by GC. In external validation, palmitic acid ($R^2=0.8002$), oleic acid ($R^2=0.8909$) and linoleic acid ($R^2=0.815$) were predicted with good accuracy, while prediction for stearic acid ($R^2=0.4598$), linolenic acid ($R^2=0.6868$) had relatively lower accuracy. These results clearly show that FT-IR spectra combined with multivariate analysis can be used to accurately predict fatty acids contents in soybean lines. Therefore, we suggest that the PLS prediction system for fatty acid contents using FT-IR analysis could be applied as a rapid and high throughput screening tool for the breeding for modified Fatty acid composition in soybean and contribute to accelerating the conventional breeding.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.171-175
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• 2008

The influence of rice bacterial leaf blight (BLB) disease incidence on yield and quality of Nampyung, Gang-baek and Iksan493 was investigated in three areas, Gimje, Yeongam and Jangheung, frequently found BLB infested rice. The infection rate of Nampyung, susceptible to BLB disease, was higher ($23{\sim}93%$) than Gang-baek ($2{\sim}15%$) and Iksan493 ($2{\sim}6%$), have resistant gene Xa7 and xa5, respectively. BLB disease incidence was severely found in Gimj and then yield of Nampyung was reduced 65% (352 kg/10a) compared to Iksan493 (540 kg/10a) due to the decrease in the ripen grain filling, brown/rough ratio and 1,000 grain weight. There was no difference of rice yield among Nampyung, Gangbaek and Iksan493 in Yeongam and Jangheung. The occurrence time of disease in Yeongam and Jangheung was later than Gimje and BLB disease was less infected in these areas. BLB infected rice grain showed inferior grain appearance and taste index to sound grain. independent of rice with resistant gene. In Yeongam and Jangheung, Gangbaek and Iksan493 cultivated showed lower ratio of white color to belly than Nampyung. Iksan493 showed better grain appearance and lower ratio of white core to belly than Gangbaek. In protein content of rice grain, the range of Gangbaek and Iksan493 was $6.9{\sim}9.8%$, but Nampyung showed unstable ranged from undetermined to 9.0%.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.1-13
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• 2010

This research was conducted to understand the characteristics and traits of Baekje's palace backyard by studying and analyzing the usage, shape, size, material, and place of origin of the odd-shaped stones found at the remains of Baekje's palace in Waggung-ri, Iksan. The results of the research are as following. The odd-shaped stones found at the Baekje palace backyard were used for two purposes. Some of the stones were used as heaping stones(疊石) for the stone waterfall in the backyard while others were used as ornamental stones(置石) to exhibit the uniqueness and beauty of the stone themselves. The stones used for the waterfall had various shapes and materials and were arranged to symbolize the beauty of natural scenery. On the other hand, the ornamental stones were used to exhibit their beauty of forms. Among the twenty six ornamental stones, four were large, four were mid-sized, and eighteen were small. The twenty four heaping stones used for the waterfall were all categorized as small. All of the stones were not too big, easily coming into sight of human beings. The heaping stones were mostly limestones, and some of them were metamorphic rocks such as marble, quartz, green rock, slaty rock, and phyllite. Almost all of the odd-shaped stones used for Baekje's palace backyard have beautiful patterns and specific forms that resemble natural scenes or animals such as a turtle, terrapin, pig, bear, or elephant. Some of the ornamental stones apparently went through carving to emphasize the unique shapes. Considering the usage and characteristic of the odd-shaped stones, one of the most characteristic feature of the Wanggung-ri palace backyard can be said to be 'the garden of odd-shaped stones'. Meanwhile, according to references, interviews, questionings, and on-the-spot surveys on the people who quarried the stones, the stones found at the remains of the Wanggung-ri palace came mostly from Mt. Cheonho in Hosan-ri, Yeosan-myeon, Iksna, and Mt. Shidae in Dosoon-ri, Wanggung-myeon.

• 한국문화재보존과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.104-110
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• 2005

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.39 no.1 s.447
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• pp.102-106
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• 2007

저병원성조류인플루엔자(LPAI)가 국내에 유입된 지 10년여 만인 지난 2006년 11월 전북 익산지역에서 고병원성조류인플루엔자가 발생되었다. 고병원성조류인플루엔자(HPAI)가 2003년 충북 음성에서 발병된 지 3년만이다. 고병원성 조류인플루엔자(HPAI)가 어디서 어떻게 감염 되었는지는 오리무중 이란다. 철새, 외국인 노동자, 해외 여행객, 아니면….질병이 발생하는 데는 질병을 일으킬 수 있는 원인이 있으며, 농장에서는 원인이 될 수 있는 요소를 한가지씩 제거해 나가야 한다. 질병의 전파의 요소로 여겨지는 것은 다음과 같은 것이 있을 수있다. 분변, 방문객 및 방문차량(사료 운송차, 약품배달차, 왕겨차, 계분운송차, 사계(死鷄)수거차량), 축산기구, 농장의 위치, 야생조류, 설치류, 외부기생충, 난계대 전염병, 외부에서의 닭 유입 등이 있다. 조류인플루엔자(AI)라고 해서 다른 질병과 달리 특별한 방역 방법이 있는 것은 아니다. 어느 질병이든 농장에서 방역에 대한 기본개념을 알고 기본적인 원칙을 지키면 되는 것이다. 그 기본이라는것은 외부로부터 농장의 통행을 막고 끊어서 통하지 못하게 하는 차단(遮斷) 방역이다.

• KOREAN POULTRY JOURNAL
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• v.39 no.1 s.447
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• pp.90-93
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• 2007

2003년 발생한 HPAI는 1,500여억원의 피해를 발생한 것으로 추정된 바 있을 만큼 AI가 확산될 경우 막대한 피해를 발생시킨다. 이에 정부에서도 1종 인수공통전염병인 고병원성조류인플루엔자 발생시 발생농장과 위험지역 및 경계지역내 가금류와 전염 가능성이 있는 가축류에 대해 살처분 조치를 취하고 있으며 이에 따라 살처분 농가들에게 보상금을 지급하하고 있다. 익산ㆍ김제에서 3차례 발생하면서 살처분 조치가 취해진 농가들은 총 171농가로 1,121천마리에 해당되며 4차 발생지역인 아산에서도 23천마리가 살처분 조치되었다. 정부에서는 이번 살처분 조치가 취해진 농가들에 대한 지원대책을 지난 5일자로 발표하였다. 한편 경계지역 (3~10km)내 이동제한 조치된 가금류에 대해서도 15일자로 수매 방안이 발표되었다. 하지만 2004년도에 추진되었던 전국적인 수매가 이루어지지 않았고 경계지역 내의 물량에 대해서도 기대 이하의 수매가격으로 인해 농가들이 불만의 소리가 높아지고 있다. 본고에서는 발표된 보상방안 대책에 대한 정리와 양계농가들의 반응에 대해 알아보았다.