• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.92-110
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• 2012

Due to the social problems including recent economic crisis and unemployment rate increase, the demand of business foundation market has been increased and, in the meantime, on the basis of the business foundation support policy of the government including youth foundation support policy and Small & Medium Business Administration foundation planning, business foundation market has been showing steady growth trend. With this enlargement of foundation market, as the accompanied increase of franchise market is expected, it is considered that the importance of more realistic and concrete research about franchise market be larger than before. This study considered brand image, main office support, foundation cost, information search activity as the advanced variable of effect on brand selection and established the cause of effect on brand selection by improving the existing advanced research, and its result is as follows. First, according to foundation business kind, age, sex, yes or no of marriage, there is some difference III the thought about brand image and foundation possibility. Second, Second, the most important factor of franchise contract intention is economical specificity. It is difficult to consider brand image, franchise support and information search activity as the property having a big effect on preliminary founder, and it was shown that the cost for franchise management(Consistency with initial foundation cost and self-capital, promotion cost, management fund, facility/equipment reinvestment, etc.) is an important property. Specially, it was shown that consistency with initial foundation cost and self-capital is the most important factor for preliminary founder.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.8-16
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• 2023

This study evaluated a shear capacity of confined socket-bolt (CSB) shear connector developed for utilizing cast in placed pile (CIP) as a permanent underground wall. The push-out tests were performed in the specimens with different CIP types, CSB shear connector types, L/d, and concrete compressive strengths of concrete pile, and with or without waterproofing at interfaces between CIP and underground wall. Test results showed that the specimens with a H-shaped pile were fractured in the CSB shear connector, while the fracture concentrated in the concrete part of the specimens with a reinforced concrete pile was alleviated as the compressive strength of the concrete pile increased, resulting in the severe fracture of CSB shear connector. The maximum shear capacities of the specimens with high strength bolts and reinforcing bars used as CSB shear connector were approximately 1.22 and 1.20 times higher than those of the specimens with a H-shaped pile, respectively, and 1.10 and 1.16 times higher than those of the specimens with a reinforced concrete pile, respectively. Meanwhile, the maximum shear capacity was not significantly affected by the embedding length of the CSB shear connector and overlapping length of reinforcing bar. The predicted shear capacities calculated from the KDS standards were lower than the measured values of all specimens tested in this study.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.26 no.2B
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• pp.225-231
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• 2006

The nonpoint source control is based on TPLMS (Total Pollution Load Management System) program. Recently, the Ministry of Environment in Korea has programed TPLMS for 4 major large rivers to improve the water quality in rivers by controling the total pollutant loadings from the watershed area. Usually the urbanization is the main pollutant sources, particularly for nonpoint pollutants, because of high imperviousness and high pollutant mass emissions. The stormwater runoff from urban areas is containing various pollutants such as sediments, metals and toxic chemicals due to human and vehicle activities. Of the various landuses, the highways are highly polluted landuses because of high pollutant accumulation rate by vehicle activities during dry periods. Therefore, this research is achieved to provide pollutant EMCs (Event Mean Concentrations) and mass loadings washed-off from highways during rainfall periods. Five monitoring locations were equipped with an automatic rainfall gage and an flow meter. The results show that the EMC ranges for 95% confidence intervals in highway land use are 45.52-125.76 mg/L for TSS, 52.04-95.48 mg/L for COD, 1.77-4.48 mg/L for TN, 0.29-0.54 mg/L for TP. The ranges of washed- off mass loading are $712.7-2,418.4mg/m^2$ for TSS and $684.1-1,779.6mg/m^2$ for COD.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.3D
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• pp.205-213
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• 2010

The unsignalized intersections in a community road in the city of Seoul have 3,753 traffic accidents(9%) of total 41,702 cases in 2008, not high in the occurrence rate of traffic accidents, but seem to have a quite high potential of accidents due to the unreasonable and insufficient operation of systems and facilities in the part of traffic foundations. In particular, the un-signalized intersections in a community road have an insufficient measure for safety as compared to the crossroads with signals, and there are few analysis of traffic accidents and domestic researches on the model of affecting factors. Our country also has no concept of passing priority in operating a crossroad without signals, differently from foreign countries, so the researches and safety measures for improving the safety of a crossroad without signals in a community road are urgent. Therefore, this research has developed a safety model for a crossroad without signals in a community road based on the safety image data collected through individual interviews and questionnaires for the users of unsignalized intersections in a community road, and confirmed that legal systems, road facilities, personal factors, etc. have the biggest effect on the safety of drivers. It was confirmed that the clarity of passing methods, establishment of legal systems, etc. have the biggest effect on safety in order to raise the safety of unsignalized intersections in a community road, which drivers desire.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.35-38
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• 2015

62-year-old patient who had past history of endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer at September 2008, underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection of esophagus for early esophageal cancer at mid esophagus during health screening service. Because there was a high risk of lymph node metastasis at biopsy results, concurrent chemoradiotherapy was added to endoscopic submucosal dissection. There was a metachronous cancer at mid-esophagus at March 2013. He underwent endoscopic mucosal resection and photodynamic therapy. Concurrentchemoradiotherapy after endoscopic submucosal dissection is an effective treatment method.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.1-26
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• 2011

This study tried to investigate the relationships among the sought benefits, consumer-brand relationship and purchase experiences with regard to cosmetics, based on Scmitt (1999)'s Strategic Experiential Modules (SEM) which classified consumer's purchase experiences into five modules (sense, feel, think, act & relate) and provide strategic implications based on the results. According to the result, among the sought benefits of cosmetics, functionality had the most significant impact on purchase experience, and brand affected "sense" and "think-act-relate" experiential modules. Fashion was only found to affect "feel" module. Also, the "think-act-relate" module positively affected all components of consumer-brand relationship. And, "love and passion" component was significantly influenced by sensory experience, while "mutual commitment" and "affinity" were both affected by affective experience. In addition, gender difference was found in fashion, economy, and functionality among the sought benefits, Specifically, women showed higher score on fashion and functionality than men, while men scored higher in economy benefit than women. Also gender was a differentiating factor for "feel" and "think-act-relate" experiential modules, where women scored higher than men. Finally, In terms of causal relationships, "functionality" influenced all three experiential modules (sense, feel, think-act-relate) for both men and women. But, women showed more significant relationship between brand and sensory module, whereas men showed significant relationship between brand and think-act-relate module. At conclusion, the study provides some strategic implications that cosmetics companies need to strengthen brand relationship with consumers in order to provide them with targeted purchase experiences that fit the benefits most sought by them, which will result in competitive strengths.

• Journal of Naturopathy
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.63-69
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Bacillus fermentation broth (ENM) on the human NK cell activity, and bone matrix density, matrix content and area of hamsters fed ENM. Methods: NK cell activity was tested, and bone mineral density were measured by x-ray. Results: NK cell activity was significantly higher in the control group (644.71 pg/ml) and in the test group (1796.37 pg/ml) (p<.004). Test groups were significantly increased by 1110.37 pg/ml in the pre-test and 1796.37 pg/ml in the post-test(p<.001). Behavioral observations after feeding ENM to hamsters showed normal behavior with no difference between control and test groups. The hamster body weight of the control was 106 g at the initial and final 27 days. In the test group, the initial weight was 96.6 g and the final 27 days was 114 g. No morphological changes were observed in the X-ray photographs of the hamster hind legs. The bone matrix density was 0.059 g/cm³ in control and 0.062 g/cm³ in the test, which was increased by 0.003 g/cm³. The bone matrix content was 0.175 g in the control and 0.196 g in the test. The bone area was 2.95 cm² in the control and 3.19 cm² in the test, which was increased by 0.19 cm². In the autopsy, neither the control nor the test group showed any remarkable abnormality, and each organ was normal. Conclusions: It is thought that ingestion of ENM is useful for immunity enhancement.

• Journal of Naturopathy
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to statistically investigate the changes in mean differences of the vascular age types and index, heart beating, vessel elasticity, diastolic reserves contents measured by the fingertip plethysmogram before and after the subjects (49 people) visit the Gotjawal forest for two hours. While there is no significant change in the mean differences of vascular age types and index, heart beating, diastolic reserves contents in the control group before and after the visit, the differences in the test groups gets higher than the control group and shows a significant difference. Moreover, the variance analyses of the mean values of the contents shows a significant change after the visit. There is no significant change in the values of vessel elasticity changes between the groups after the visit, but the change of values is significant in the within group, and it is not significant between group by variance analysis. The differences of the heart beating was insignificant in the within group, but significant between group after the visit. In conclusion this study proves the effects of forest bathing, because the HRV index significantly improved after the bathing. Therefore the b-c-d-e/a ratio may be useful for evaluation of HRV.

• Journal of Naturopathy
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the increase or decrease of important intestinal beneficial bacteria and inhibitory bacteria in 30 stools of clinical subjects after ingesting Zen fermentation broth as a mixed microbial fermentation solution for eight weeks. Methods: Intestinal bacteria were identified by PCR amplification using specific primers. Results: Bifidobacterium genus gi% of test group ingested Zen-fermented broth was 55.15% before and 70.1% after ingestion, so it was a significant difference (p<.009). Lactobacillus genus of the test group was 46.87% before and 60.91% after ingestion, it was a significant difference (p<.01). Clostridium genus of the test group was 85.64% before and 65.99% after ingestion. There was a significant difference (p<.017) as the pre-post-difference decreased to -19.65%. Bacteroides genus of the test group was 17.11% before and 20.22% after ingestion. There was a significant difference (p<.048) as the pre-post-difference increased to 3.11%. Prevotella genus of the test group was 14.01% before and 16.79% after ingestion, so it was not a significant difference. Conclusions: Intestinal bacteria increased the proliferation of beneficial bacteria and suppressed harmful bacteria in the intestines after ingesting the Zen-fermented broth of the mixed microorganism. The Zen fermentation broth evaluated as a beneficial drink for intestinal health.

• Journal of Naturopathy
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of 12 Lactobacillus strains and four yeast mixed fermentation broth on the blood characteristics of subjects who consumed for eight weeks. Methods: Blood samples taken from the subjects and clinicopathologic blood components examined. Results: In the white blood cell count the mean pre-test value of the experimental group consumed Zen fermentation broth was 5.73×10³ cells/µl, and the mean after-treatment was 5.37×10³ cells/µl, but the difference was not significant. The control group was not significant. In the hemoglobin content, the mean value before the intake of the Zen-test group was 13.58 g/dl, and the consumption after the consumption was 14.77 g/dl, which significantly increased. Albumin content was 4.33 g/dl before intake and 4.36 g/dl after ingestion in the Zen-test group, but it increased without significance. Triglyceride content was 109.8 mg/dl in the Zen-test group and 99.83 mg/dl in the post-test group, but it was not significant. In the LDL-content the mean of the premeasured value was 109 mg/dl in the Zen-test group, and that of the post-test was 97.87 mg/dl, and the difference significantly decreased to 11.13 mg/dl. In the HDL content, the mean value of the pre-test was 51.4 mg/dl in the Zen-test group and 56.87 mg/dl in the post-test. Conclusion: After intake of Zen fermentation broth, mean values of leukocyte, albumin, and triglyceride were not significantly different in the experimental group, but hemoglobin, LDL and HDL were significantly different.