• Title/Summary/Keyword: 의례

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Goryeo Dynasty Incense Culture and Incense Burners (고려의 향문화(香文化)와 향로(香爐))

  • PARK Jiyoung
    • Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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    • v.56 no.2
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    • pp.62-78
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    • 2023
  • The act of burning incense originated from Buddhist rituals and customs, and gradually formed its own culture. In the Goryeo Dynasty, in addition to religious and national rituals, incense came to be enjoyed more generally and widely. In particular, Goryeo literati enjoyed the elegant lifestyle of staying home and burning incense. This was part of a regional culture shared across East Asia. Such incense burning applied the same methods as were used during the same period in China. In collections of writings from the Goryeo Dynasty, it can be seen that incense methods such as gyeok-hwa-hoon-hyang (隔火熏香) and jeon-hyang (篆香) were used. A particular method of incense influenced the size and shape of the incense burner utilized. Small incense burners suitable for simple everyday incense were used, such as the hyangwan (香垸), a cup (wine glass)-shaped burner. White porcelain incense burners from Song were discovered in Gaegyeong, and celadon incense burners from Goryeo were made in the same shape. This phenomenon shows that there was great demand for ceramic incense burners in Goryeo in the 12th and 13th centuries. During this period, incense burners that imitated metalware were produced, and some applied the techniques and patterns of Goryeo celadon. The Goryeo Dynasty-era incense burner was basically a necessity for use in various rituals, but gradually came to be widely used also by individuals.

A Study on 'Zhongkui(鍾馗) Performances' of Calendaric Rituals in the Jiaofang(敎坊) of the Ming dynasty (명대 교방(敎坊)의 세시의례 속 '종규(鍾馗) 공연' 연구)

  • Kim, Soon-Hee
    • (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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    • no.39
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    • pp.223-277
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    • 2019
  • Based on the text reference from the Variety Theatre compiled and performed by the Jiaofang of the Ming Dynasty Palace, the characteristics of Zhongkui performance in the New Year Ceremony was analyzed focusing on the differentiation and diachronic change in aspect between court dance and civilian. In China's folk beliefs, 'Zhongkui' is regarded as a representative spirit of fighting against evil spirits. Relevant rituals and performing arts have been held mainly on New Year's Eve or the Dragon Boat Festival. Although extensive research has been conducted in various fields, the situation of Zhongkui performance was largely unnoticed, only generally addressed in China, even with the given fact that the Ming Dynasty's text reference of miscellaneous court dance was exclusively retained, Therefore, the analysis intends to propose Zhongkui performances of Calendaric Rituals in the aspect of its elements and differentiate the play handed down among people as a specific example. Through the text analysis of miscellaneous court dance, 'Imperial examination' and religious belief was regulated usuriously by a so-called edification expressed as imperial reign ideology extracted to an implementation situation, revealing that this court dance was characterized by a variety of performances including the 'Zhongkui'. The results of the following study intends to provide a positive foundation for not only the field of Chinese studies but also the field of Korean literature, theatre, dance, folklore, religion, anthropology and art.

A Study of Daesoon Jinrihoe's View of Time (I): Focusing on Time as Measured and Experienced (대순진리회의 시간관 연구 (I) - 측정되고 경험되는 시간을 중심으로 -)

  • Cha Seon-keun
    • Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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    • v.48
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    • pp.1-40
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    • 2024
  • Time can be the fundamental basis of religious doctrine and the foundation for a life of faith. Therefore, understanding a religion's interpretation of time and exploring its perception is accepted as one of the approaches to comprehending its principles. Based on this idea, this article delves into how chronos (measured time) and kairos (experienced time) are manifested in Daesoon Jinrihoe. In Daesoon Jinrihoe, the moment when chronos and kairos intersect is considered a moment of spiritual experience. Ethical codes are accomplished in the midst of the process of defining this time as the Heavenly Dao and adjusting human affairs accordingly. These ethics lead individuals towards a religious life. East Asian traditions also apply this logic, but Daesoon Jinrihoe differs in that it emphasizes reinterpreted ethics. Furthermore, Daesoon Jinrihoe posits that Degree Numbers (度數) are a device that ensures the transition from chronos to kairos. Degree Numbers, which are both a law of the universe's motion and a function of time, were emphasized by the Kang Jeungsan when he advocated for the discarding of old ways and the creation of the new ways. He thereby urged humans to live in accordance with time. Time is also facilitated in the dimension of ritual observances and participation, with examples including prayers, devotional offerings, and holy works (gongbu, 工夫). Those rituals of Daesoon Jinrihoe actively incorporate a unique basis of reason for this style of engagement with time, which is one of the aspects that is held to secure justification.

Consideration on National Rituals and Folk Beliefs Found in 『Hajaeilgi』 (『하재일기』에 나타난 국가의례와 민간신앙 일고찰)

  • Song, Jae Yong
    • (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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    • no.69
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    • pp.349-371
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    • 2017
  • "Hajaeilgi(荷齋日記)" was written by Ji Gyu-sik, a gongin of Saongwon(司饔院)'s branch, almost everyday for 20 years and 7 months from January 1st, 1891 until the leap month of June 29th, 1911. It deals with many different areas including domestic and foreign circumstances, custom, rituals, all the affairs related to the branch, and also everyday life events he did see or hear about. Particularly, Ji Gyu-sik did not belong to the yangban class, and we can hardly find diaries written by such class' people. Here, what this author pays attention to among the things written in "Hajaeilgi" is the contents about folklore. Ji Gyu-sik wrote in his "Hajaeilgi" about things related to folklore, for example, seasonal customs, folk plays, rituals, or folk beliefs that were actually practiced then as a person not belonging to the yangban class. Such diaries are rare, and its value is highly appreciated as a material, and it is meaningful in the aspects of folklore as well. Therefore, as part of the work to look into folklore found in "Hajaeilgi", this author focuses on national rituals and folk beliefs in it. The things that have been discussed earlier can be summed up as follows: About national rituals, it is sorry that it only deals with the emperor's enthronement and emperor and crown prince's birthday in garye(嘉禮); however, it is meaningful to know that the people faithfully carried out national ceremonies and celebrations then. Particularly, it is noteworthy that during the national ceremonies or celebrations, students were asked to sing the national anthem. About hyungrye(凶禮), only it deals with the court funeral rite. Aside from Minbi's funeral rite, the court funeral rite was performed properly at the right time according to the procedure like before, and also, it seems that the people fulfilled it faithfully by order of the government. Also, it can be learned from it that Japanese killed Minbi, burned the body with oil, and left the ashes behind. About folk beliefs, the branch held a memorial service at the shrine of the town regularly. The town, too, performed Gocheongsinsa each year. The money needed for the memorial service was collected from the town people differently according to their financial situations, and they prepared for jesu for the ancestral rite altogether. The memorial service was carried out in Sansindang or Bugeundang, too, and it was common that they summoned a shaman to perform a gut. The diary is valuable as material. After being a Christian, Ji Gyu-sik once tried to abolish sinsa jesa held in hoesa and get rid of saesin(賽神), that is, a gut or pudakgeori, but he had no choice but to follow the precedent. Meanwhile, it is also noteworthy that when the town suffered from floor and infectious disease, Ji Gyu-sik installed an altar in front of his house for the town's wellbeing and health, prepared for jesu including offerings and drinks, and held a memorial service to Hwangcheonhuto(皇天后土; the gods of heaven and earth) accompanied with the town people. Also, when he had any hardships in his family, Ji Gyu-sik summoned a shaman for a gut or offered a devout prayer to the mountainous god. Such shamanism or the things like worshiping Gwanseongjegun(關聖帝君) mostly in the beginning of January and telling fortunes about the year were all folk beliefs. This was very popular among the people, and it seems that it was deeply rooted in his life as well. Also, Ji Gyu-sik supported Fengshui beliefs, and it seems that it is not different from the people's general tendencies, either. As described above, "Hajaeilgi" dealing with national rituals and folk beliefs in it is valuable as material and is meaningful for research on forklore, and moreover, it is also significant in the aspects of forklore as well.

취재일기 / 인터넷기업의 시련은 성숙한 시장형성을 위한 통과의례

  • Baek, Seung-O
    • Digital Contents
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    • no.11 s.90
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    • pp.6-7
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    • 2000
  • 닷컴 위기론 이후 인터넷 기업들은 생존을 위한 갖가지 묘책 준비에 열중이다. 그중 눈에 띄는 것이 콘텐츠의 유료화 움직임이다. 아직은 찬반 양론이 분분하지만 당장 생존을 위해서 취할수 있는 뚜렷한 방법이 없는 상태에서 콘텐츠 유료화는 유일한 수단인 듯하다. 콘텐츠 유료화 움직임은 거의 대부분의 인터넷 기업들에서 나타나고 있다.

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불과민속 - 대홍수, 그 참담한 기억과 드러내기 힘든 근친혼

  • Jang, Jang-Sik
    • 방재와보험
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    • s.114
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    • pp.42-45
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    • 2006
  • 물과 인간은 떼려야 뗄 수 없는 관계이다. 때로는 물 때문에 번성하고, 때로는 물 때문에 파멸한다. 그렇기 때문에 물에 대한 남다른 의례와 신화들이 발생한다. 인류의 문명이 강을 중심으로 발생한 것도 물이 지닌 가치를 단적으로 말해준다. 물에 얽힌 이야기, 그 첫 장을 여는 데 아득히 먼 옛날에 일어났던 불행한 물의 신화를 이야기 하지 않을 수 없다.

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떡살.다식판

  • Kim, Gyu-Seok
    • 식품문화 한맛한얼
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    • v.3 no.4
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    • pp.447-452
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    • 2010
  • 떡살과 다식판은 의례음식인 떡과 다식에 무늬를 박기 위해 사용되었다. 우리 민족은 음식에 아름다운 모양을 나타내기 위해 떡살을 사용했을 뿐만 아니라 조상에 대한 염원과 기원을 담아 사용하였다. 그래서 떡살과 다식판은 단순한 생활도구의 차원을 넘어서 민족의 정서를 담고 있을 뿐만 아니라 그 형태와 무늬는 조형적이며 상징성과 예술성이 뛰어나 소중한 우리 전통문화유산이라고 할 수 있다. 따라서 이 글에서는 전통적인 떡살과 다식판에 대하여 알아보기로 한다.

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산업설비의 저소음화 기술 - 저소음화 기술

  • 김두훈
    • 전기의세계
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    • v.44 no.10
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    • pp.14-22
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    • 1995
  • 소음에 관련된 법규가 점차 강화되어 이제 소음문제는 작업장이나 기계의 운전시 의례히 발생되는 그냥 참고 지내야 하는 문제가 아니고 반드시 해결해야 하는 것으로 인식되고 있으며 또한 소비자들의 저소음 제품 선호로 관련 업계의 소음에 대한 연구개발 노력도 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 고에서는 이러한 소음문제의 심각성을 고려하여 생산시설과 관련된 산업설비에 의한 소음문제의 원인 및 대책을 검토하고 관련 업계에서 실시하고 있는 저소음화 기술 동향을 중점적으로 기술하고자 한다.

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CONTENT PRISM / 중국기업과 계약체결시 유의해야 할 30가지

  • Ryu, Myeong
    • Digital Contents
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    • no.9 s.124
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    • pp.58-63
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    • 2003
  • 국내 온라인게임 산업이 발전하면서 해외시장, 특히 중국시장으로의 진출은 이제 의례적인 절차로까지 인식되고 있다. 최근 계발되는 대부분의 온라인게임들이 향후 중국시장 진출을 염두에 두고 있으며, 실제로 수많은 개발사들이 중국시장을 두드리고 있다. 하지만 거대한 중국시장은 그 가능성만큼이나 내재된 위험성도 높다. 이에 한국소프트웨어진흥원은 최근 중국업체들과의 온라인게임 수출 계약시 국내 업체들이 염두해 둬야 할 사항 30가지를 정리, 권고하고 있다.

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The Types and Features of Formal Ritual Hats for Tibetan Buddhist Priests (티베트 승려가 착용하는 의례용 관모의 종류와 특성)

  • Kwon, Young-Suk;Lee, Kyung-Hee
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.62 no.5
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    • pp.16-30
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    • 2012
  • This study examines the types and features of formal ritual hats for Tibetan Buddhist priests. Findings of the study are as follows. The types of formal hats that Tibetan Buddhist priests wear during religious rites or rituals include: u rgyan pad zhwa, pan zhwa, tshogs zhwa, rigs inga, zhwa nag, zhwa dmar and dwags zhwa. The reason why such formal ritual hats as listed above were developed is because the region had an alpine climate, and also because they were the symbolism of Buddhism, the most reverent priest, and reincarnated Buddha thoughts. They were an essential part of the culture of dressing Buddhist statues and offering utensils. Formal ritual hats' shapes originate from lotus. They are colored in red, yellow, indigo, green, white or black, that reflect the nationality and aesthetics of Tibetans. They are mainly made of woolen or silk fabrics. They are usually decorated with gold, git bronze or jewels and the patterns of the sun and the moon, vajra or clouds.