• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2007년도 한국음성과학회 공동학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.270-273
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of multisensory(AVK: Auditory, Visual and Kinethetic) treatment on reading pronunciation with phonological prcessing - tensification, palatalization, and lateralization for the middle school students with delayed language development caused by mental retarded. Participants were three children with reading pronunciation difficulties in phonological processing. The following conclusions were arrived. First, three children are improved on tensifiication, palatalization, and lateralization by multisensory treatment program. Second, multisensory treatment was effective in facilitating generalization. Three children presented prominent generalization effcects in lateralization. Third, they were found to maintain partially their performance rates of the later phase of the reading with phonological processing intervention three weeks after the termination of the intervention.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2009

This study observes how the combined intervention program effects on the acquisition reading pronunciation of Korean phonological process words and the acquisition aspects of each phonological process rules to four Korean learners whose first language is Chinese. The training program is the combination of multisensory Auditory, Visual and Kinethetic (AVK) approach, wholistic approach, and metalinguistic approach. The training purpose is to evaluate how accurately they read the words of the phonological process which have fortisization, nasalization, lateralization, intermediate sound /ㅅ/ (/${\int}iot"$/). We access how they read the untrained words which include the four factors above. The intervention effects are analyzed by the multiple probe across subjects design. The results indicate that the combined phonological process rule explanation and the words activity intervention affects the four Chinese subjects in every type of word. The implications of the study are these: First, it suggests the effect of Korean pronunciation intervention in a concrete way. Second, it offers how to evaluate the phonological process and how to train people who are learning Korean language.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.44-57
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• 2001

문법적으로 정확한 한국어 음성을 합성하려면 표준어 규정의 '표준 발음법'을 준용해야 한다. 따라서 한국어 음가 합성 시스템에 사용되는 한글을 음성으로 변환하여 주는 규칙은 '표준 발음법'을 완전하게 반영하며 또한 무결해야 한다. 기존의 연구에서는 표준 발음법을 검증없이 적용하여 왔고, 표준 발음법 자체에 모순이 있는가의 여부에 대해서도 체계적인 분석을 위한 시도가 진부하였다. 본 논문에서는 한국어 음가 생성의 기본 규칙으로 준용할 표준 발음법을 페트리 넷으로 모델링하여 표준 발음법의 일관성을 검증하였다. 그리고, 음운 변동 현상을 여러 단계로 나누어 차례로 적용한다든지, 변동된 단어에 대하여 처음부터 다시 변환 작업을 재수행하는 기존의 음가 생성 방법의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 한번의 테이블 탐색으로 모든 음운 변동이 완료되는 한국어 음성 합성을 위한 음가 변환 테이블을 구현하였다.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 1999년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.26 No.2 (2)
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• pp.204-206
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• 1999

본 시스템은 한글 발음 교육 사이트 개발 프로젝트의 일부인 음가 생성에 관한 컴포넌트로써 한국어 표준발음 테이블에서 음운 변동값을 추출하고 해당 음성과 입모양을 출력하는 WWW상의 자바 애플릿 프로그램 개발에 관한 연구이다. 본 논문에서는 형태소 분석에 선행되어야 할 전처리 과정, 예외처리, 음가 생성부에서 고려하여야할 점과, 시스템의 애플릿 구현 등에 대해 중점적으로 기술하였다.

• 한국정보과학회 언어공학연구회:학술대회논문집(한글 및 한국어 정보처리)
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• 한국정보과학회언어공학연구회 1991년도 제3회 한글 및 한국어정보처리 학술대회
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• pp.307-320
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• 1991

본 연구는 한국어 음성합성 시스팀에서 한글 텍스트를 음소로 변환 시키는 규칙기반과 신경망을 결합한 한글-음소 변환 시스팀을 제안하고 이를 위해 시스팀 모델을 설계하고 시스팀의 각 구성요소들을 설명하며 한국어 음운 변동 규칙중 설측음화 데이타와 설측음화에 상충되는 데이타를 사용하여 시스팀을 실험하고 제안된 모형의 타당성을 분석한다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2016

This paper investigated the phoneme distribution and phonological processes of orthographic and pronounced phrasal words in light of syllable structure in the Seoul Corpus in order to provide linguists and phoneticians with a clearer understanding of the Korean language system. To achieve the goal, the phrasal words were extracted from the transcribed label scripts of the Seoul Corpus using Praat. Following this, the onsets, peaks, codas and syllable types of the phrasal words were analyzed using an R script. Results revealed that k0 was most frequently used as an onset in both orthographic and pronounced phrasal words. Also, aa was the most favored vowel in the Korean syllable peak with fewer phonological processes in its pronounced form. The total proportion of all diphthongs according to the frequency of the peaks in the orthographic phrasal words was 8.8%, which was almost double those found in the pronounced phrasal words. For the codas, nn accounted for 34.4% of the total pronounced phrasal words and was the varied form. From syllable type classification of the Corpus, CV appeared to be the most frequent type followed by CVC, V, and VC from the orthographic forms. Overall, the onsets were more prevalent in the pronunciation more than the codas. From the results, this paper concluded that an analysis of phoneme distribution and phonological processes in light of syllable structure can contribute greatly to the understanding of the phonology of spoken Korean.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제21_24호
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• pp.3-24
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• 1992

This study was designed to investigate the changes of phonological processes in normal Korean children aged from 2- to 6-years. Forty eight children who lived in Seoul or Kyung-Ki do were tested with a picture articulation test and their articulation errors including omissions, additions and substitutions were coded into phonological processes. Those phonological processes were discussed in several ways: syllable structure, place, manner, assimilation, tenseness, and aspiration of sounds. Data were analyzed by two ways: (1) number of subjects who showed each process and (2) percentage of occurrence of each process. Analyses in omission-addition processes demonstrated that postvocalic omission occurred most frequently, followed by velar-, alveolar-, and glottal omission. Analyses in substitution processes showed that fronting (palatal and velar), backing (alveolar), and alveolization occurred most frequently in terms of the place of sounds. In terms of assimilation, alveolar-, stopping, and aspiration assimilation occurred frequently. Analyses by the tenseness and aspiration showed similar occurrences among the 4 processes, with slightly higher occurrences in tensing and aspiration than lanxing and deaspiration. All of the processes decreased by age. The numbers of the processes showed by more than half of the children or exceeded 10％ of occurrence were 20 in 2-years of age, 10 in 3-years of age, 1 in 4-years of age, and none in ages of 5 and 6.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2017

This paper investigated the phonological processes of monophthongs and diphthongs in pronounced phrasal words of the Seoul Corpus by gender and age groups in order to provide linguists and phoneticians with a clearer understanding of the spoken Korean. Both orthographic and pronounced phrasal words were extracted from the transcribed label scripts of the Corpus using Praat. Then, phonological processes of monophthongs and diphthongs were tabulated using an R script after syllabifying the phrasal words into separate components. Results revealed that 97% of the number of syllables in the orthographic and pronounced phrasal words were the same while 65.8% showed difference in the syllable structure. 90.5% of the vowels in the orthographic phrasal words were realized in the pronounced phrasal words. A Chi-square test of independence was performed to obtain a significant dependence in the distribution of phonological process types of male and female groups along with a very strong correlation. Female group changed the diphthong yo into yv at the end of the pronounced phrasal words more often than the male group did. Age groups also showed a significant dependence in the distribution of phonological process types along with a very strong correlation. Females in the 40s produced the diphthong yv and made the vowel raising at the end of the pronounced phrasal words most often among the gender and age groups. From the results, this paper concludes that an analysis of phonological processes in light of syllable structure can contribute greatly to the understanding of the spoken Korean.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.138-145
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• 1990

본 논문에서는 합성단위를 반음절로 하여 적은 데이터 베이스를 차지하면서도, 합성음의 자연스러움을 향상 시키기 위한 한국어 규칙 합성법을 제시한다. 반음절 음성신호를 분석하기 위해 12차 선형 예측법을 사용하며, 합성음의 자연성과 명료성을 위해 음절간 접속 규칙, 모음부의 연결규칙을 개발한다. 또한 신경망 모델을 이용한 음운 변동 규칙과 운율규칙을 적용한다.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제28B권12호
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• pp.9-18
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• 1991

In this Paper, a rule-based method for the phenomenon of Korean vocal sound change is proposed. This method could be used to solve a problem between symbolic(Hangul)and phonetic language(Korean) for the study of Korean speech processing. A rule on the phenomenon of vocal sound rearranged for the rule base with a end-consonents on the authority of standard pronunciation rule. The proposed rule base system is simplified by the implementation for the vocal sound change. Also, it is useful to create the data base with phonetic value for the Korean voice processing by syllable unit.