• Title/Summary/Keyword: 음악적 특징

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Development of EEG Signals Measurement and Analysis Method based on Timbre (음색 기반 뇌파측정 및 분석기법 개발)

  • Park, Seung-Min;Lee, Young-Hwan;Ko, Kwang-Eun;Sim, Kwee-Bo
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.388-393
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    • 2010
  • Cultural Content Technology(CT, Culture Technology) for the development of cultural industry and the commercialization of technology, cultural contents, media, mount, pass the value chain process and increase the added value of cultural products that are good for all forms of intangible technology. In the field of Culture Technology, Music by analyzing the characteristics of the development of a variety of applications has been studied. Associated with EEG measures and the results of their research in response to musical stimuli are used to detect and study is getting attention. In this paper, the musical stimuli in EEG signals by amplifying the corresponding reaction to the averaging method, ERP (Event-Related Potentials) experiments based on the process of extracting sound methods for removing noise from the ICA algorithm to extract the tone and noise removal according to the results are applied to analyze the characteristics of EEG.

Development of melody similarity based on chroma representation, dynamic time warping, and hinge distance (크로마 레벨 표현, 동적 시간 왜곡, 꺾인 거리함수에 기반한 멜로디 사이의 유사도 개발)

  • Jang, Dalwon;Park, Sung-Ju;Jang, Sei-Jin;Lee, Seok-Pil
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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    • 2011.07a
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    • pp.258-260
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    • 2011
  • 이 논문에서는 쿼리-바이-싱잉/허밍 (Query-by-singing/humming, QbSH) 시스템 또는 커버 노래 인식 (cover song identification) 시스템에서 사용 가능한 멜로디 유사도를 제안한다. QbSH 또는 커버 노래 인식은 디지털 음악의 사용이 보편화되면서 음악 검색의 방법으로 많은 연구가 진행되어 오고 있다. 멜로디 유사도는 이런 시스템을 구현하는데 필수적인 요소이며, 두 개의 음악에서 멜로디가 추출되었다고 가정하고, 추출된 멜로디 사이의 유사한 정도를 수치로 표현한다. QbSh 시스템이나 커버 노래 인식 시스템은 멜로디 유사도에 기반하여 입력 노래와 유사한 노래를 데이터베이스에서 검색하는 작업을 수행한다. 이 논문에서 제안하는 멜로디 유사도 방식은 기존의 많이 연구되던 동적 시간 왜곡 (dynamic time warping, DTW) 방법과 크로마 표현 방법 (chroma representation)을 사용하였다. DTW방법은 비대칭적으로 사용하고 미디 노트 영역에서 표현된 멜로디 특징은 0이상 12 미만의 크로마 레벨로 표현하였다. 기존의 방법에서는 정수값을 많이 사용하였으나 이 논문에서는 실수값을 사용한다. DTW 에 사용하는 거리 함수를 기존에 사용하던 차이의 절대값 대신 꺾인 함수 형태를 사용함으로써 성능을 높였다. QbSH 시스템에서의 실험을 통해서 성능을 검증하였다. 본 논문에서는 10-12초 길이의 1000번의 쿼리(Query)에 대해서 28시간 정도의 데이터베이스에서 실험한 결과, 순위 역의 평균 (Mean reciprocal rank, MRR) 값이 0.713을 보였다.

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Study on Film Music for and (영화 <메리 포핀스>와 <메리 포핀스 리턴즈> 영화음악 분석 연구)

  • Hwang, Jin-Hee
    • Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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    • v.15 no.5
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    • pp.55-68
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    • 2021
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze the characters and narratives of series films and to extract corresponding elements of film music to compare and analyze how musical elements were utilized. The scope of the study was analyzing the story structure and characters of the films "Mary Poppins" and "Mary Poppins Returns" and the corresponding film music. After comparing the contents of the film "Mary Poppins" and "Mary Poppins Returns," the film matched the film music equivalent to the similar scenes of the two films. As a result, seven of the 11 songs of "Mary Poppins" overlap with those used in similar narratives of "Mary Poppins Returns", and eight songs overlap in "Mary Poppins Returns". Seven songs from "Mary Poppins" and eight songs from "Mary Poppins Returns" can be divided into nine scenes in total when connected to a common narrative. Among them, "A Spoonful of Sugar" from "Mary Poppins", "Jolly Holiday", "A cover is not the Book" from "Mary Poppins Returns" and "Triple light fantastic" were overlapping songs with narratives. Based on this, it analyzes leitmotiv film music, focusing on characters from the films "Mary Poppins" and "Mary Poppins Returns." The common leitmotivs in the two films are Mary Poppins leitmotiv, Lesson leitmotiv, Lullaby leitmotiv, World leitmotiv, Chimney Sweeper leitmotiv, Up & Down leitmotiv, Chimney Sweeper leitmotiv, and Sky leitmotiv. The characteristic rhythm and pitch used in Mary Poppins leitmotivs were used in the overall song featuring Mary Poppins. Through this, the elements of music symbolizing Mary Poppins, a key figure, were matched to the films "Mary Poppins" and "Mary Poppins Returns" and modified according to the narrative flow. The analysis results of this work have theoretical significance in that it is necessary to analyze the narratives and film music of series films to discover common features and consider how they are matched in theoretical terms.

A Comparative on Musical Style of Gyeongjae-Eosan and Comparison to Songam-chang(唱) (경제어산의 음악적 성격과 송암창(唱)과의 비교 고찰 - 안채비소리를 중심으로)

  • Cha, Hyoung-Suk
    • (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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    • no.39
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    • pp.801-833
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    • 2019
  • This article has reviewed on the characteristics of the Beompae (Buddhist chanting) performed by Gyeongjaeeosan Wonmyeongchang(唱) based on the result of musical style of Gyeongjae Anchaebi-sori as defined under the previous studies. And, through the comparison with the Beompae performed by Songam-chang (唱), a same type of musical piece, it contemplates on musical differences between the two singers. Results of the study are shown as follows. of Gyeongjaeeosan Seolhoeinyu-pyeon and of Socheongsaja-pyeon are sunged as Yuchi-Seong(聲) among Anchaebi-sori. 'main melody type' and 'ending type' are generally similar to the musical characteristics of the Yuchi-Seong(聲), and the differences between the two singers are detected from main melody type D and ending type b. In particular, under of Socheongsaja-pyeon, only the type a is detected among the two types. becouse ending note of ending-type 'a' is ended with 'sol'. The basic frame of the Jjaimsae(musical form) has been clarified in the previous studies that the Jjaimsae of Yuchi-Seong(聲) has been maintained just the way it is. However, even for the same Seong(聲), the combination of the 'main melody type' of passage has not been unified, and depending on the musical piece, it has been discovered that the combination of the 'main melody type' has been diversely organized. of Gyeongjaeeosan Bongsongsajapyeon belongs to Pyeon-gae-seong(聲) broadly from the Anchaebi-sori and it is shown to be So-seong(聲) in details. In particular, in the previous studies, the 'ending melody' of So-seong(聲) and the closing melody of were similar with a slight difference for the 'ending melody'. Such a difference is relation to the characteristics for sequentially descending melody of Wonmyeong-chang(唱). The 'Jjaimsae(The musical structure)' is not much different from the previous studies, and the 'yeok-eum(weaving lyrics)' of Songam-chang(唱) has strong tendency of 3-sobak rhythm while the Wonmyeong-chang (唱) is shown the tendency of 2-sobak rhythm in general for the difference.

A Study of Korean Traditional Creative Music Groups: How They Are Performing in North America and How to Support Them (한국 전통창작음악단체 북미 진출현황과 활성화 방안 연구)

  • Won, Hye-Yeon;Kwon, Hyeog-In
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.22 no.8
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    • pp.180-190
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    • 2022
  • This study reviews the current status of Korean traditional creative music groups that have entered the North American World Music market. It also explores some success factors and strategies behind the artists' sustainable activities in the region as well as improvements needed for the Korean government's support. For the purpose of realistic suggestions, music groups that have entered the North American World Music market and experts in artists' global activities have been interviewed for analysis. The interview questionnaire consisted of the following items: 1. how the music groups reached the North American market, 2. what made them successful, 3. what strategies they used to perform in the region, 4. what challenges they faced, and 5. how the government support could be improved. The study found the following success factors: the groups' participation in Korean and international music markets, existence of a local agency, uniqueness and popularity of Korean music, and possibility to organize workshops. It also identified the following challenges: absence of lucrative touring plans, complicated visa issuance, and limitations of networking. It is hoped that this research will provide useful information for music groups planning to enter the North American World Music market and that it will make some meaningful policy suggestions to relevant organizations.

The Melodic Structure of the Bulmosan Youngsanjae, Ongho-ge (불모산 영산재 범패 옹호게의 선율구조)

  • Choi, Heon
    • (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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    • no.34
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    • pp.383-421
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    • 2017
  • Because the Jitsori and the Hotsori of the Beompae(the Korean Budhhist chant) has no meter and no Jangdan(a Rhythmic cycle of the Korean Music), so it is hard to analyze the melody of the Beompae. Also the melody of the Beompae is different from that of the other Korean traditional music, so studying of the Beompae has been out of the limelight of many scholars, studying the Korean music. But the melody of Beompae had been handed down for thousands of years in Korea, it and other Korean trditional music, had exchanged the impacts each other for a longtime. So I thinks that the Korean Beomapae have shared the similarity of the musical features with the other Korean traditional music. Because the Beompae of the Bulmosan Yeongsanjae on the Geongsangnamdo province has also no meters and no Jangdan, it is difficult to understand, too. But because the Onghoge of Bulmosan Yeongsanjae have a well-regulated melodic structure in comparison with the Beompae of the Seoul province, so called Geongjae Beompae, it seem to be easy to analyze its melody. So I will analyze the melody of Bulmosan Yeongsanjae Onghoge. This analyze should be contribute to investigate the rule of the melodic progress method on the convoluted Beompae melody. Onghoge has been sung on the procedure for Siryeon, Samsiniun(Goebuliun), Jojeonjeoman, Sinjungjakbeop. And the monk for the ritual has sung the chant first to purify the ritual place and to protect the soul. They has called the song, Onghoge a Jitsori at the Bulmosan Yeongsanjae preservation society of the Gyeongnam province. Commonly, there were Jitsori and Hotsori in the Beompae melody, and the melody of Jitsori is longer than that of the Hotsori. So, the melody of Onghoge is lengthened. In other word, the melody of the Onghoge show the lengthened and curved melodic feture of the Beompae very well. Hahn Manyeong, who had studied on the Beompae, Budhhist chant, said that the Hotsori has five letters in a phrase, and there were 4 phrases in a song. And he had insisted that the form of the song, Hotsori, is ABAB. I analyze the melody of the Onghoge by the Hahn's method. I will extract the Wonjeom(a primary tone of a skeletal melodic structure) from the melody of Onghoge, and in the progress of the Wonjeom of Onghoge melodies, I will arrange the repeat of the Wonjeom melody. It is a structural melody of Onghoge. The first phrase of Bulmosan Yeongsanjae Onghoge, 'Pal bu geum gang ho do ryang(八部金剛護道場)' have 4 structural melodies, the second phrase 'Gong sin sog bu bo cheon wang(空神速赴報天王)', the third phrase 'Sam gye je cheon ham le jip(三界諸天咸來集)', the firth phrase 'Yeo geum bul chal bo jeong sang(如今佛刹補禎祥)' have 2 structural melodies each. The structural melodies of Onghoge are 10 in total. And the structural melody of the Onghoge is formed the shape of 'Mi - La - do - La - Mi'. All of the Onghoge melodies is repeated 10 times by the melodic shape. The form of the Onghoge is not ABAB by Hahn, but is 10 times repeat of the shape.

The influence with buddhist music appearing in PanYeombul out of Ogu exorcism of East coast - focused on the song by Kim Janggil - (동해안 오구굿 중 판염불에 나타난 불교음악의 영향 - 김장길의 소리를 중심으로 -)

  • Seo, Jeong-mae
    • (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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    • no.34
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    • pp.277-313
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    • 2017
  • This study is to find out the correlation with buddhist music after analyzing the rhythm of six pieces of PanYeombul sung by Kim Janggil out of Ogu exorcism of East coast the findings summarized are as follows. First, PanYeombul by Kim Janggil, performed on Oct, 16, 2016, was composed of , , , , , , , , , , and . Still, even if PanYeombul is performed by the same male shaman, the composition can be added or left out depending on some circumstances, which means the procedures are flexible. Seeing that there is common component of in additoin to compared with Kimyongtaek, it can be said that the component of is an important part in PanYeombul of Ogu exorcism of East coast Second, is usually referred to 'SinmyojangguDaedalani' in buddhist ritual, While Kim yongtaek accepts this practice in title, Kim Janggil uses 'YeomhwajangguDaedalani' as the title which makes his song different from others. Yeomhwa means "picking up flowers with fingers" which has been used in buddhism, not in common Considering this fact, the conclusion can be reached that by using the term 'Daedalani' from a buddhist chant, but making differentiation from buddhism, Kim Janggil is making the effort to be different from buddhist rituals. give some unique meaning to shaman rituals. Third, PanYeombul of Ogu exorcism of East coast may be divided into two main parts - the former part is PanYeombul and the latter part is Jiokga. In performing PanYeombul, male shaman sits singing alone and playing Jing himself, on the other hand, in case of Jiokga, he stands singing a solo with gwaeggwari in his hand accompanied by other musicians with the rhythm of Samgongjaebi. As the song and the accompaniment are in the form of giving and taking like duet. it is in peak in terms of music. Accordingly, PanYeombul can be divided into PanYeombul and Jiokga, But since it is performed by one male shaman and sung a solo, it is usually seen as one procedure. Jing, which is a kind of accompaniment in PanYeombul by Kim Janggil, has the role to distinguish a phrase and settle the musical paragraph. When the buddhist chant with one word-one note is performed. it requires the performer to catch his or her breath or clear throat. Just then, Jing comes out for filling out the intervals. Also, its role to distinguish a phrase and settle the musical paragraph helps make it clear to deliver words. The rhythm of Jing is mostly made up of small triple time except equal small binary time, comes out with overwhelmingly more frequency of Sutsoe(♪♩) than Amsoe(♩♪), and often shows syncopation. By often using Off Beat or short-long rhythm even in accompaniment of equal small binary time, he tris to give some variation to monotonous and equal rhythm for the musical vitality. These are similar to Sutsoe rhythm which can evoke tension and Kim Janggil makes these things his characierisiic of rhythm. Fifth, all the pieces consist of mi, sol, la, do, re and the descending melody like do'${\searrow}$la${\searrow}$sol${\searrow}$mi appears most frequently. The descending melody usually arouses the feeling of sorrow, so the sadness for the deceased is presented properly, which suggests his musical talent. Generally, pieces take on Menari-tori as a whole where the length of sol appears for a short time in descending la${\searrow}$sol${\searrow}$mi of perfect four degrees. Sixth, Even he accepts the lines of buddhist chant, he changes them in some degree. For example, he inserted some words between lines like 'Wonwangsaeng' and 'NamuAmitabul' and added Korean words like hapsosa to the lines of buddhist service written in Chinese character. Also, he inserted some words like 'iiiiiii~' to express the feeling of sadness. These are to maximize the desire of the deceased to go to the heaven and at the same time to diminish the sign of buddhism and strengthen the features of shamanism. Seventh, the effort to decrease the sign of buddhism is made in pasting lines of two songs. For example, Between the last words 'Wonsuaenapsu of Dage and the first words 'Jisimgwimyeongrye' of Chiljeongrye, there is usually a short pause to distinguish paragraphs, But he continues two songs without any pause to get rid of the feelings of buddhist chant. In terms of melody, he makes a distance from buddhist chant in an effort that he gives some traits to shaman rituals which are different from buddhist even if he uses the lines of buddhist rituals. Eighth, the analyzed pieces can be in four categories - no regular melody , , equal small binary time , eotmori melody of ten eighth time with 3+2+3+2 mixed small time . and Samgongjaebi melody 3+2+3 mixed small time . Each piece has its unique melody. Although of buddhist ritual is often performed, by using eotmori melody, he evokes the feeling of shaman and is another example of giving unique characteristic to the shaman of East coast by using Samgongjaebi melody.

Immediate Effect of Patterned Sensory Enhancement (PSE) on Upper Limb Function after Stroke (패턴화된 감각 증진(PSE)이 뇌졸중 환자의 상지 기능에 미치는 즉각적 영향)

  • Han, Soo Jeong;Kwon, Ae Ji;Park, Hye Young
    • Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.1-19
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the immediate effect of Patterned Sensory Enhancement (PSE) technique on the motor function of the affected upper limb in hemiplegic stroke patients by comparing the use of PSE and simple rhythmic cue. A total of 16 stroke patients were recruited from rehabilitative hospitals. The participants were assigned to the experimental group (n = 8) and control group (n = 8). While performing six different upper limb motions, musical stimuli applying the PSE technique was presented for the experimental group and simple rhythmic cue using the metronome was applied for the control group. The results showed that while the significantly increased range of motion (ROM) was found in the experimental group with the immediate use of PSE (p < .05), the control group did not show no significant change. This study implies that the use of musical elements in cueing for upper limb motion immediately leads to significant improvement in ROM by providing sufficient temporal, spatial, and dynamic information for expected motor performance.

The Study of Pansori Performance (판소리 공연학 총론)

  • Jeon, Shinjae
    • (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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    • no.23
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    • pp.159-183
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    • 2011
  • Pansori has both the features of drama and music. In 19th century, prime time of pansori, it had balance of the features between drama and music. But after the late 19th century, pansori has lost the features of drama, and it has been changed into a music centered art performance. This is the phenomenon came from that the upper class accepted and dominated the pansori which had been a performance art of the lower class. The Korean upper class people tend to disdain drama, but to revere music. Nerremsae is dramatic action and ballim is musical gesture in pansori. In 19th century, pansori had plenty of nerremsae, which provided a elaborative symbolic system after the conventional rule of drama. However current pansori actors use only ballim except nerreumsae. Chuimsae like 'ulssigu' is the way to participate in pansori by audience. The actor provides the space for the audience to fill it after inducement by drummer. Through the chuimsae, actor, drummer, and audience share the sympathetic emotional experiences. However the audience in these days do not do chuimsae, but do applause like in western dramas. In western dramas, distinction between tragedy and comedy is relatively clear. The tragedy is constantly tragedy, and the comedy is also constantly comedy. However joy and sorrow are coexisted in Korean pansori. These two contradictory emotions are collided and produce a new strong emotion in a pansori. This is one of very important feature of pansori. Even though each of tragedy and comedy reveals the only one side of life, pansori comprehensively reveals a total human life. However these strong emotions have been much weakened nowadays. Currently pansori has been much declined. For restoration of pansori, it is necessary to revive the drama side in pansori performances.

Algorithm to Search for the Original Song from a Cover Song Using Inflection Points of the Melody Line (멜로디 라인의 변곡점을 활용한 커버곡의 원곡 검색 알고리즘)

  • Lee, Bo Hyun;Kim, Myung
    • KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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    • v.10 no.5
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    • pp.195-200
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    • 2021
  • Due to the development of video sharing platforms, the amount of video uploads is exploding. Such videos often include various types of music, among which cover songs are included. In order to protect the copyright of music, an algorithm to find the original song of the cover song is essential. However, it is not easy to find the original song because the cover song is a modification of the composition, speed and overall structure of the original song. So far, there is no known effective algorithm for searching the original song of the cover song. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for searching the original song of the cover song using the inflection points of the melody line. Inflection points represent the characteristic points of change in the melody sequence. The proposed algorithm compares the original song and the cover song using the sequence of inflection points for the representative phrase of the original song. Since the characteristics of the representative phrase are used, even if the cover song is a song made by modifying the overall composition of the song, the algorithm's search performance is excellent. Also, since the proposed algorithm uses only the features of the inflection point sequence, the memory usage is very low. The efficiency of the algorithm was verified through performance evaluation.