• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.353-362
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• 2021

Cancer is a global health problem. There are diverse types of cancers, but there are several common pathways which lead to the development of cancer. Changes in gene expression might be the most common similarity found in almost all cancers. An understanding of the underlying changes in gene expression during cancer progression could lay a valuable foundation for the development of cancer therapeutics and even cancer vaccines. In this study, a well-known carcinogen, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), was employed to induce changes in gene expression in normal stomach cells. MNNG is known to cause cancer by inducing damage to DNA in MNNG-treated mammalian cells and animals fed with this carcinogen. An analysis was performed by comparing the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) caused by MNNG treatment with DEGs in stomach cancer cell lines. To this end, methods of analysis for functional categorization and protein-protein interaction networks, such as gene ontology (GO), the database for annotation, visualization, and integrated discovery (DAVID), Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomics (KEGG) and search tool for the retrieval of interacting genes/proteins (STRING), were used. As a result of these analyses, MNNG-regulated specific genes and interaction networks of their protein products that contributed to stomach cancer were identified.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.72-77
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• 2001

Expression of f3 ~agarase Gene and Catabolite Repression in Escherichia coli by the Promoter of Alginate Lyase Gene Isolated from Marine Pseudomonas sp. Jin, Cheal~Ho, J~Hyeon Park, Jeong-Hyun Han, YoonM Hyeok Chae, Jong~Hee Lee, Jung-Kee Lee!, and In-800 Kong*. Faculty of Food Science and Biotechnology, Pukyong National UniversitYt Pusan 608-737, Korea, llnBioNet Co. 1690-3 Taejon 306-230, Korea - Promoter is a key factor for expression of the recombinant protein. There are many promoters for overexpression of protein in various organisms. The aly promoter of Pseudomonas sp. W7 isolated from marine environment was known to be a constitutive expression promoter of the alginate lyase gene, and it's promoter activity is repressed by glucose in Escherichia coli. To investigate the catabolite repression of the aly promoter ~md association between the promoter mutants, f3 agarase gene, which was also cloned from Pseudomonas sp. W7 was connected to the aly promoter with the sequence the coding 46 N-terminal amino acids ofthe alginate lyase gene. The constructed plasmid was introduced into E. coli and the agarase activity was measured. Fourty six amino acids of the alginate lyase gene was serially deleted using peR to the direction of 5' upstream region and subcloned. The agarase was overexpressed by the aly promoter and the production of agarase was repressed by the addition of glucose into culture media. Fourty six amino acids of alginate lyase did not affect the production of agarase at all. The deletion of a putative stem-loop structure in the aly promoter induced the decrease of f3 -agarase productivity.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.529-533
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• 2011

Metallothioneins (MT) are a group of low-molecular weight, cysteine-rich, intracellular proteins that are encoded by a family of genes containing at least 10 functional isoforms in human. The expression and induction of these proteins is associated with protection against DNA damage, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Many studies have shown increased expression of MT in various human tumors, whereas MT is down-regulated in certain tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma and liver adenocarcinoma. Hence, the expression of MT is not universal to all human tumors but may depend on the differentiation status and proliferative index of tumors, along with other tissue factors and gene mutations. Using Northern blot analysis, we found that laminin induced expression of MT-1 in HSG and PC12 cells, which can be differentiated by laminin, but had no effect on MB-231, MDA-435, and PC-3 cells, which cannot be differentiated by laminin. In addition, we analyzed the expression level of the MT-1 gene in five prostate cancer cell lines possessing different metastatic potential. The expression of MT-1 in normal and less malignant cells (RWPE-1 and WPE1-NA22) was high and up-regulated by laminin, whereas the expression of MT-1 in WPE1-NB14, WPE1-NB11, and WPE1-NB26 cells (malignant) was extremely low and not elevated by laminin. These results suggest that the MT-1 gene is involved in laminin-mediated differentiation and affects the metastatic potential of tumor cells.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.1070-1077
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• 2020

Treatment with anticancer drugs changes the expression of multiple genes related to cell proliferation, migration, and drug resistance. These changes in gene expression may be connected to regulatory networks for each other. This study showed that doxorubicin treatment induces the expression of oncogenic FosB and decreases the expression of oncogenic SETDB1 in A549 and H1299 human lung cancer cells, which are different in tumor suppressor p53 status. However, a small difference was detected in the quantitative expression of those proteins in the two kinds of cells. To examine the potential regulation of SETDB1 and FosB by p53, we predicted putative p53 binding sites on the genomic DNA of SETDB1 and FosB using a TF motif binding search program. These putative p53 binding sites were identified as 18 sites in the promoter regions of SETDB1 and 21 sites in the genomic DNA of FosB. A luciferase assay confirmed that p53 negatively regulated the promoter activities of SETDB1 and FosB. Furthermore, the results of RT-PCR, western blot, qPCR, and immunostaining experiments indicated that the transfection of exogenous p53 decreases the expression of SETDB1 and FosB in H1299 cells. This indicates that p53 negatively regulates the expression of SETDB1 and FosB at the transcriptional level. Collectively, the downregulation of SETDB1 and FosB by p53 may provide functional networks for apoptosis and for the survival of cancer cells during anticancer drug treatment.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.321-332
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 다이아지논(Diazinon; O, O-diethyl O-[6-methyl-2 (1-methylethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl] phosphorothioate)에 노출된 모델 생물체(송사리)의 행동변화와 관련된 분자생물학적 기전 규명을 통하여 비정상적 행동의 모니터링을 위한 생물지표(biomarker)를 개발하는데 있다. 이를 위해 우선 suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) 및 DNA microarray 기법을 활용하여 다양한 유전자를 스크리닝하였다. 다이아지논에 노출시킨 송사리에서 발현의 차이가 나는 상향 조절된 유전자 97개 (알려지지 않은 유전자 27개 포함)와 하향 조절된 유전자 99개 (알려지지 않은 유전자 60개 포함)를 동정 하였고 이들 중 이상행동과 관련되는 것으로 보이는 유전자 10개 (상향조절 5개, 하향조절 5개)를 선발하였다. 이들 중에서 primer 제작이 잘된 beta-1, Orla C3-1, parvalbumin 및 apolipoprotein E을 선발하여 그 유전자 발현을 real-time PCR 기법을 사용하여 정량적으로 모니터링 하였다. Orla C3-1, parvalbumin 및 apolipoprotein E는 고농도의 다이아지논 처리(1000 ppb; 24 h)에서 그 발현이 억제됨이 관찰되었다. 다이아지논 처리 시 신경질환 (알츠하이머 병 및 다운신드롬)에 관련된 apolipoprotein E와 근육세포의 유연화에 작용하는 parvalbumin 등의 발현억제는 송사리의 인지능력 교란 및 근육세포의 경직 등을 각각 유도하여 송사리의 비정상적 행동을 야기하는 것으로 판단되었다. 따라서 이들 생물지표는 신경독성물질에 의한 송사리 및 기타 어류의 이상행동의 변화의 감지에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2010

Follicular cystic ovary (FCO) is one of the major causes of reproductive failure in cattle. Genetic alterations affect the function of diverse cells and/or tissues, which could be present in cystic ovaries. A microarray analysis was performed to screen differential gene expressions in follicular cystic follicles of cattle. In this study, we hypothesized that follicular cysts may be induced by changes in ion- and transporter-related gene expression. Microarray data showed that fibrinogen-gamma (FGG) and low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8 (LRP8) were up-regulated, while choline transporter-like protein 4 (SLC44A4), very long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase homolog 2 (SLC27A5), annexin 8 (ANXA8), and aquaporin 4 were down-regulated in follicular cystic follicles. A semi-quantitative RT-PCR was carried out to validate DEGs altered in follicular cystic follicles. Of six DEGs, three DEGs (FGG, SLC44A4, and aquaporin 4) showed a positive correlation between microarray and semi-quantitative PCR data. We focused on FGG, among three DEGs, which was highly up-regulated in follicular cystic follicles. The FGG mRNA was upregulated by 8.4-fold and by 1.7-fold in the bovine follicular cystic follicles as judged by microarray and RT-PCR analysis, respectively. However, there was no significant changes in the expression level of FGG protein in both follicular cystic follicles and granulosa cells isolated from follicular cystic follicles by Western blot analysis. Although this study does not reveal a positive correlation between the mRNA and protein level, FGG appears to be an important biomarker in the discrimination of follicular cyst from normal ovary.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.227-234
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• 2012

We observed that oil began to accumulate at 25 seed days after flowering (DAF) and reached the maximum potential at 35 seed DAF of oilseed rape, and the greatest weight of 100 seeds was obtained at 35 seed DAF. To survey a broad analysis of gene expression in developing embryos of Brassica napus, the Bn 300k microarray have been constructed. The Bn 300k Microarrary was designed from 80,696 unigenes clustered from 543,448 ESTs and 780 cDNA at NCBI. These arrays have been hybridized in a series of experiments with probes derived from seeds and leaf of B. napus. Approximately 8.5% of the 7,000 genes were expressed as ratios 2-fold higher in seed (25 DAF) than leaves and 0.4% at ratios 10. Also we observed that storage and cell differentiation-related genes were highly expressed at 10 DAF, whereas energy-related genes including fatty acid metabolism were increased up depending on seed maturation using Microarray, which was confirmed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. These results suggest that B. napus arrays provide a very useful data set of seed-specific expression that can be further analyzed by examination of the promoter regions of these genes and help our understanding of the complex regulatory network in developing seeds.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.442-447
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• 2010

We investigated anti-cancer and anti-proliferative activity of allicin and analyzed global gene expression changes by allicin treatment in human colorectal HCT116 cells. As a result, allicin decreased cell viabilities in a dose and time-dependent manner and induced apoptosis. Oligo DNA microarray analysis, we found that 7,840 genes were up-regulated more than 2-folds, whereas 10,010 genes were down-regulated more than 2-folds by $50\;{\mu}M$ allicin treatment. To confirm specific gene expressions, we performed RT-PCR. Consistent with the results of DNA microarray analysis, allicin dramatically induced ATF3 and NAG1 gene expression. Interestingly, NAG-1 protein expression was dependent on p53 presence. Taken together, our present results increase the knowledge of the molecular mechanism of anti-cancer and anti-proliferative activity mediated by allciin in human colorectal cancer cell.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.95-101
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• 2011

Present study aimed to investigate morphological change and gene expression in the gill of Cyprinus carpio after exposure against muddy water caused by riverbed disturbance with various rearing condition. The gill of C. carpio showed abnormal shapes in its secondary lamellae and a rough surface with impure debris after exposed to muddy water for 80 days. In addition, the gills showed the edema, the exfoliation of epithelial cell, and the fusion of the secondary lamellae. Using 20 ACPs, 24 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) exposed to muddy water for 80 days were identified. 17 genes among them were up-regulated, while 7 genes were down-regulated in preterm deliveries. A BLAST searches revealed that 3 genes were revealed known genes as calcium transporter 1 (TRPV6) mRNA, macha mRNA for putative puroindoline b protein, and Efnb3 protein-like. Therefore, it is considered that Efnb3 gene from gill would be a useful indicator for neurobehavioral changes in fish influenced by muddy water.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.392-399
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• 2014

Plant senescence is one of the survival strategies to use limited nutrients efficiently during growth, development and adaptation. In this study, we isolated a gene (PagSEN1) homologous to SENESCENCE 1 from Populus alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa. The PagSEN1 gene encodes a putative protein consisting of 243 amino acids containing a rhodanese domain. Southern blot analysis suggested that two copies of the PagSEN1 gene are present in the poplar genome. We characterized its transcriptional expression under various conditions mimicking senescence and environmental stresses. The PagSEN1 was expressed most strongly in mature leaves but most weakly in roots. The gene was significantly up-regulated by treatments with mannitol, NaCl, ABA and JA, but not by cold, SA and GA3. These results indicate that PagSEN1 is involved in senescence response induced by environmental stresses.