• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Entomolohy Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.133-133
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• 2002

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.239-246
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• 2014

Two congener species of Grapholita molesta and G. dimorpha have similar host ranges and adult occurrence patterns. In addition, the two species commonly use cis-8-dodecenyl acetate (Z8-12:Ac) and trans-8-dodecenyl acetate (E8-12:Ac) as their major sex pheromone components. The commercial lures made of the two components, therefore, suffer a mixed attraction of these two species. This study was conducted to assess any effect of their known minor sex pheromone components to reduce the mixed attraction. When cis-8-tetradecenyl acetate (Z8-14:Ac) was added to the commercial sex pheromone consisting of Z8-12:Ac/E8-12:Ac = 85/15, the attraction to G. dimorpha was not affected, but its attraction to G. molesta was significantly reduced. However, the addition of either dodecanyl acetate (12:Ac) or tetradedecanyl acetate (14:Ac) did not influence on the attraction of both species to the commercial lure. The addition of E8-14:Ac to 3-component sex pheromone, Z8-12:Ac/E8-12:Ac/Z8-14:Ac = 85/15/10, the attraction to G. dimorpha was rather significantly suppressed. From these results, the 3-component sex pheromone, Z8-12:Ac/E8-12:Ac/Z8-14:Ac = 85/15/10 was suggested as an improved composition of sex pheromone lure for G. dimorpha.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.269-274
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• 2007

This study was performed to estimate the efficacy of three commercial mating disruptors for the control of oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck), using a food-baited trap to collect field females. Mated female ratios estimated in the mating disruptor-treated areas were compared with the estimates of male trap captures, and both estimates were evaluated on the basis of crop damage measured by shoot tip damage caused by G. molesta. Both males and females were attracted to the food trap-baited with terpinyl acetate in apple orchard. Spermatophore of G. molesta was similar to female bursa copulatrix in size. Though there was more than 95% reduction in male trap captures indicating significant mating disruption, significant crop damage occurred on apple leaf buds, in which more than 35% of captured females were mated. This study demonstrates that assessment of the mated females would be more reasonable to represent the efficacy of mating disruptor(s) than the assessment of the male captures in G. molesta.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.360-373
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is establishing how to build the area of local agents and regional offices in the oil company using GIS technique by reviewing on the spatial distribution pattern and characteristics of the sales area of oil products. Location-allocation and spatial interaction model are cooperated in order to establish sales area of petroleum products distribution system. Location-allocation model is used in the capital region where local agents are concentrated on like Kyoung-gi local agent. Spatial interaction model is used in the rest of the area in Korea to analyze the sales range of the regional offices in oil company. Each office made a big difference in registered cars and population because of the level of petroleum consumption in each sales area.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.185-190
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• 2018

Monitoring exotic fruit flies is essential for quarantine procedure. Wax formulation containing fruit fly lures is relatively long-lasting in field conditions and has been applicable to monitor the fruit flies. This study was performed to extend the application of wax formulation against different fruit flies. The wax formulation containing lures was tested in Thailand, at which various exotic fruit flies inhabited. Captured flies were identified to be Bactrocera dorsalis, Zeugodacus cucurbitae, and Zeugodacus caudata by molecular diagnosis technique.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.391-396
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• 2008

The pine sawyer, Monochamus saltuarius Gebler (Colepotera: Cerambycidae) was newly known as a vector of pinewood nematode causing the pine wilt disease in Korean white pine (P. koraiensis Siebold & Zucc.) forestry. Recently, it has a serious problem to spread fast and widely throughout Korea by transferring M. saltuarius. For the control of M. saltuarius, this study was investigated the attractants by analyzing from the Korean white pine. Major components of Korean white pine was analyzed as $\alpha$-pinene and ethanol, and reported as an attractant against Monochamus genus. Ipsenol and ipsdienol, the pheromones of Ips genus known as attractant components of woodboring beetles, were tested to the attractive efficacy against Monochamus saltuarius. The attractive efficacy showed 67.9% of Ipsenol plus ipsdienol and ipsenol, ipsdienol mixed with $\alpha$-pinene plus ethanol was showed 67.7% and 79.3%, respectively. Especially, ipsdienol with $\alpha$-pinene and ethanol was shown the high synergy effect, and the attractant effect was higher at M. saltuarius female than male.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.46-51
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• 2007

In this study, two commercial mating disruptors were compared in terms of disruption of Oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta, male orientation, in which a new dispenser type, $SPLAT^{(R)}$, was compared with a current dispenser type, $Isomate^{(R)}$-M ROSSO. For this assessment, the last three year field monitoring data were analyzed for the efficacy of Isomate type dispenser. Then two commercial dispensers were compared in different localities with sub-locality replications during identical monitoring period from mid February to late August. There appeared to be four adult population peaks, in which the overwintering population size was positively correlated with the following reproductive population sizes. Isomate type dispenser effectively suppressed G. molesta populations during all growing seasons with some annual variation in its efficacy. Between two dispensers, SPLAT type was much effective. The difference in their efficacy may be caused by the difference in composition of major pheromone component.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.643-654
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• 2012

We conducted the experiment in order to evaluate the control effect of whitefly using the sticky trap. Both Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaporariorum were more attracted to yellow sticky trap than white or blue colored traps. When yellow sticky traps were installed in different height around tomato, catches of B. tabaci were not significantly different among the traps and catches of T. vaporariorum on the traps in the upper position were more than lower position. T. vaporariorum was more attracted to trap when host plant is smaller. The attracted number to yellow sticky traps were not significantly different between whiteflies (B. tabaci and T. vaporariorum) and their parasitoids (Encarsia formosa and Eretmocerus mundus). Yellow sticky trap reduced population density of both B. tabaci and T. vaporariorum by more than 80% on tomato nursery in a screen cage. Population density of whiteflies in greenhouse installed yellow sticky traps was less than one third of that in untreated greenhouse.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.73-81
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• 2009

While various factors in passenger and freight demand analysis affect on destination choice, a key factor, in general. is an attractiveness measure by size variable (e.g., population. employment etc) in destination zone. In order to measure the attractiveness, some empirical studies suggested that disaggregate gravity model are more suitable than aggregate gravity model. This study proposes that truck travelers trip diary data among Korean commodity flow data could be used to estimate the behaviors of incorporating trip departure time, activity duration and attractiveness in destination. As a result, the main findings of size and distance variables coincide with the conventional gravity model having a positive effect of population variable and a negative effect of distance variable. Due to disaggregate gravity modeling, the unique findings of this study reports that small trucks are more likely to choose short distance and early morning, morning peak and afternoon peak departure time choice. On the other hand, large trucks are more likely to choose long distance and night time departure time choice.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 2022

The attraction effects of light emitting diode (LED) trap to Spodoptera exigua and Spodoptera litura adults were evaluated in greenhouse and compared with those of no light trap, which is typical used in commercial trap. At this time, in order to attract these two species of moths, sex pheromone traps were installed at the top side according to the degree of tomato growth inside the tomato cultivation greenhouse around the LED trap. In addition, two types of light-emitting traps (420 nm, 470 nm) were installed in the greenhouse at 1/40 m², respectively. Also two sex pheromone were installed inside of the greenhouse according to the height of the tomato plants. 10 days later, Blue-light trap(BLB, 470 nm wavelength) was 3.1-3.5 times more attractive than Violet-light trap(VLB, 420 nm wavelength) in S. exigua (105.6 ± 7.3) and S. litura (42.0 ± 3.1) respectively, whereas the no-light trap was little attractive to S. exigua (33.7 ± 2.8) and S. litura (12.0 ± 1.5). On the other hand, after the installation of the sex pheromone trap and the LED trap, there was no damage to S. litura (Fabricius) and S. exigua in the pesticide-free area, indicating a high possibility of control. At this time, the operating cost of the two types of LED traps was 80 won/m² per unit area, and it was confirmed that both types of moths could be controlled. In addition, as a result of confirming the number of two types of moths caught in the sexual pheromone trap and two types of LED traps after 4 months, it was judged that eco-friendly control was possible as more than 373 moths/trap were attracted to the two types of moths.