• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.225-234
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• 2006

Using the data from the sea water monitoring system installed at the Ieodo Ocean Research Station, we have analyzed the water properties around the station as well as the characteristics of the fresh water from the Changjiang River and the influence of typhoons on the sea water. In general, the accuracy and stability of the temperature data are high, but those of the salinity data are worse than the specification of the instruments. The daily variation of temperature and salinity is mainly controlled by the vertical motion of a water column due to semi-diurnal tide and diurnal change in the solar insolation. Seasonal change is prominent in temperature data. The freshwater from the Changjiang River is the main cause of large salinity variation. In August 2003 and August 2004, about 10 days before fresh water was observed near the Jeju Island, low salinity water was observed at the Ieodo Station. On the other hand, in July 2005 fresh water was observed at the station but not at around the Jeju Island. In other words, the fresh water observed at the Ieodo Station does not always expand to the Jeju Island. Two strong typhoons passed by the station in September 2003 and August 2004. The effects of the typhoons were lasted for 3 to 4 days.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.58-82
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• 1998

It is usually proposed that job security of old age workers is hampered by the structure of wage increasing with age. This paper sets forth a model to comprehend the characteristic of the old age workers' labor market and policy implications derived from it. In order to stimulate demand for old age workers, policy initiatives should be taken as follows : the wage criteria should be simplified which apply differently from one institution to other; incentives relatively favorable for employing old age workers' in manufacturing sector should be also given to service sectors; employment subsidy or other tax incentives should be given for labor contract after the retirement age; licensing and evaluation system for job ability should be introduced based on occupation & job analysis. To lower the reservation wage of workers, mortgage loan for house and long-term low interest loan for tuition fees should be developed together with stabilization of housing cost. Wedding culture which requires high expense should be amended. Above all, it is necessary to install reasonable social security system. Policy orientation should also pay attention to reduce labor supply of the old aged via aiding old age workers' firm opening and voluntary civil service together with developing various honor programs for members of civil corps.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.99-114
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• 2011

Precambrian gneiss complex in the Pyeongchang-Wonju area, which lies west of the Paleozoic sedimentary basin of the Yeongwol-Taebaek area, is being considered as a part of the Gyeonggi massif, but its ages of formation and metamorphic events are not well defined yet. In this study, SHRIMP zircon U-Pb ages were determined from the gneiss complex in the area, We obtained the discrete ages of magmatic (ca. 1960 Ma) and metamorphic (ca. 1860 Ma) events through the interpretation of the SHRIMP data based on the internal structures of zircons. These are almost the same to the ages of main intrusion and metamorphism reported from the Precambrian basements of Gyeonggi, Yeongnam and Nangnim massifs of the Korean Peninsula, Ages of 3200~3300 Ma, 2900 Ma, 2660 Ma, 2430 Ma, 2260 Ma, and 2080~2070 Ma obtained from inherited cores of studied zircons are also very similar to the frequently reported ages from the basement rocks of the Gyeonggi and Yeongnam massifs, Lower intercept age of about 270 Ma calculated from the rim data seems to indicate that the study area suffered from a late Paleozoic metamorphism (Okcheon Orogeny), but we need more reasonable and sufficient data to confirm it. According to the results of this study, it is suggested that the Bangnim group unconformably overlying the gneiss complex was deposited after the Paleoproterozoic granitic magmatism (ca. 1960 Ma) and metamorphism (ca. 1860 Ma).

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.3 s.45
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• pp.205-214
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• 2005

Some Quaternary faults developed in the eastern block of the Ulsan fault are Gaegok 1, Gaegok 2, Singye, Madong, Wonwonsa and Jinhyeon faults, which are characterized by thin gouge and narrow cataclasitic tones. This study was performed to emphasize the role of mineral alteration and microtexture in response to hydrothermal alteration of fault gouges during fault activity, using XRD, EPMA, BSE (backscattered electron image), and K-Ar age dating methods. Alteration minerals in fault gouges were formed in the age range of $44.3\~28.9Ma$ by hydrothermal alteration attributed to fault activity. XRD results show that fault gouges consist predominantly of clay minerals, quartz and feldspars. Clay minerals formed in the gouge zones are mainly composed of smectite with trace chlorite, illite and kaolinite. The evidence to support the hydrothermal alteration of preexisting minerals due to fault activity are easily recognized at the host rocks in contact with gouges zones. Injected gouge and calcite veins indicate that they were originated from multiple deformation by repeated fault activity. Gouge with green or greenish grey color, for example Jinhyeon fault, contains higher $Al_2O_3$ and lower MgO and CaO compared to those with reddish color. Various colors of fault gouge are intimately related to the chemical compositions of main constituent mineral as well as mineral assemblage.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.698-703
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• 2014

The structures of fresh water plume depending on estuarine geometries and wind directions (upwelling, onshore, downwelling, and offshore winds) were studied using the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS). Four idealized estuaries, which are different in bathymetry, were considered. The results showed that the fresh water plume was restricted close to the shore line where a river was connected to the sloping shelf rather than the flat shelf due to the fast momentum exchanges from x, y to z momentums on the sloping shelf. Mild upwelling and offshore winds (${\mid}{\tau}_{\omega}{\mid}=0.01Pa$) enhanced stratification on the contrast to previous studies which showed that winds destroyed stratification by enhanced vertical mixing. However, downwelling and onshore winds had similar effects on the vertical structure of the fresh water plume as in previous studies enhancing vertical mixing. The plume was confined above the underneath submarine channel, thus the plume path was directly affected by the direction of the submarine channel on the shelf.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.85 no.4
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• pp.571-576
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• 1996

The geological and hydrological survey was carried out in Hyuseok-dong landslide area(10 ha), Youngchoon-myeon, Danyang-gun, Choongcheongbuk-do. The results showed that the bed rocks in this area consisted of shale, sandstone and limestone, and the piles of stones debris were also scattered around the hill above the study area. Soil texture was sandy loam, and bulk density of the soil in the lower part of the area was higher than that of the upper part, but void ratio of the soil in the lower part was lower than that of the upper part. Subsurface water was springing out to the surface in many places in this area. In this area, the storms over 70mm/day were frequent during the summer period from June through September. It was concluded that the occurrence of landslide had a close relationship with the geological characteristics, hydrological conditions and the rainfall distribution.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.48-56
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• 2002

The flow characteristics around KRISO 3600TEU container ship model have been experimentally investigated in a circulating water channel. The instantaneous velocity vectors were measured using 2-frame PIV measurement system. The mean velocity fields and turbulent statistics including turbulent kinetic energy and vorticity were obtained by ensemble-averaging 400 instantaneous velocity fields. The free stream velocity was fixed at 0.6m/s and the corresponding Reynolds number was $9{\times}10^5$. The test sections were divided into two regions, three transverse sections of the wake region(Station -0.5767, -1, -3) and five longitudinal sections of the wake((Z/(B/2)=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6). In the wake region, large-scale longitudinal vortices of nearly same strength are symmetric with respect to the wake centerline and a relatively weak secondary vortex is formed near the waterline. With going downstream, the strength of longitudinal vortex is decreased and the wake region expands.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.85-91
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of liquid boar semen on reproductive performance in swine artificial insemination. Many factors, which were breeds, time of insemination, breeding season, sperm per dose etc, have been tried to improve reproductive efficiency. Boars were raised at Swine Artificial Insemination Center in National Livestock Research Institute, Sunghwan, Chungnam, Korea. This experiment was carried out from 1995 to 2000. There were no differences in the fertility results compared with 3 breeds (Landrace, Yorkshire and Duroc), frequencies of artificial insemination (double and triple) per estrus cycle and different seasons by using liquid boar semen. There were no significant differences in conception rate, farrowing rate and litter size using 4 trials of 3.0, 2.5, 2.0 and $1.5{\times}10^9/80ml$ in liquid boar semen with 70% of motile sperm cells. We confirmed that the sperm number per dose of $1.5{\times}10^9/80ml$ could be used for commercial artificial insemination.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2014

The Yeongam mineralized zone is located in the southwestern part of the Korean peninsula, including the Sangeun, Eunjeok and Baramjai mines. This zone is located in the northeastern part of the Mokpo-Haenam-Yeongam volcanic circular structure. The 13 sites of quartz vein with mineralization are developed in the Sangeun-Eunjeok-Baramjai area, within rhyolitic welded tuff, showing N-S or NNW trend with highly dipping to the west. The quartz veins occur as a single vein or a bundle of veins with width of 1-5 cm in each. The existence of faults parallel to the quartz veins indicates that the faulting occurred before and after the development of quartz veins and mineralization. The quartz veins and mineralized zone are displaced by NW-trending sinistral strike-slip faults. The extension of the Sangeun-Eunjeok mineralized belt is traced to the south, following a NNW-trending tectonic line, and the Au-Ag contents are analysed in the 12 sites of quartz veins. Contents of gold and silver are 12.3 g/t and 1,380.0 g/t in Eunjeok mine, 2.7 g/t, 23.5g in Sangeun mine, and <0.1 g/t, 5.7 g/t in Baramjai mine respectively. Therefore, a highly Ag-Au mineralized zone is not developed in the southern part of the studied area.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.71
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• pp.33-51
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• 2015

In South Korea, the community building projects and so-called 'community businesses' are recently regarded as one of the popular issues for the local people and social activists. The project seems to be a miracle resolution for various social matters such as the deteriorating welfare, health care, security system and the worsening income problem, etc. But these promising social discourses and practices which encourage to build communities are not only constructing 'good governance' for the sound cooperation between the state and civil society, but also allowing government technologies to manage and regulate civil society and citizens. This irony of building community is not yet thoroughly considered. The aim of this article is to ask 'Is building community good for all of people?'; 'How does community guarantee the freedom of people who participate in?'. The reflection for community in South Korean Society has related to The May 18-community in Gwangju. The May 18-community is a keystone for understanding the ethos and pathos of community. This study tries to unravel the relation between the May Uprising and the idea of community throughout affects and hearts of participants. The lived experience and testimony of the people of Gwangju in May, 1980, reveals that community should not be in an order and an notion of security. Examining hearts of members of 'whatever community' in the May Uprising is essential to imagine a new form of community which incorporates liberation and freedom as its base.