• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.103-123
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• 2018

This study investigated the structural relationships among infant's cognitive and communication ability, temperament, teacher-infants interaction, and mothers' parenting stress. Subjects used in this study were 249 infnats whose mean age of 30.21 months, and who were attended in preschool in S city. Research instruments used in collecting data were 'K-ASQ(Korean Ages and Stages Questionnaires)', 'EAS(Emotionality, Activity, and Sociability-Temperament Survey for Children-Parental Ratings)', 'PSI/SF(Parenting Stress Index/ Short Form)', 'ECOI'. The collected data were analyzed through SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0 program. Pearson's correlation and Structural equation model analysis were used to analyze the data. Findings are as follows. First, there were positive correlations between infant's cognitive and communication ability with social-ability temperament, teacher-infants interaction. There were negative correlations between infant's cognitive and communication ability with infant's emotionality temperament, mothers' parenting stress. Second, social-ability temperament directly affected disposition toward cognitive ability, but in-direct effect was not significant. Emotionality temperament partially mediated the effects of parenting stress toward cognitive ability. Third, social ability directly affected disposition toward language ability, but in-direct effect was not significant. There has no significant path of temperament to teacher-child interaction, but teacher-child interaction has direct effect to infant's cognitive ability. Finally, all path about infant's communication ability were not significant.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.715-730
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• 1998

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2015

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to develop an infant sleep health education program using a video for SIDS prevention education and to measure the effects of the program. Methods: The infant sleep health education program consisted of presentations and motor images. The formation of educational material was directed by the systematic design of instruction. Participants in this study were 59 primiparous women from postpartum care centers. The instruments used in this study were criterion referenced test items for knowledge about infant sleep health and confidence inventory. Experimental group I was given the treatment of infant sleep health education program. Experimental group II was given the program using a video reinforcement after 2 weeks. On the other hand, control group was given no treatment. Results: There was a significant increase in knowledge and confidence in the performance of mother's roles of both experimental group I and experimental group II over the control group. No significant difference was founds for knowledge and confidence in the performance of mother's roles between experimental group I and II. Conclusion: The results indicate that this program is a very effective intervention for better sleep health in infants by helping the mothers increase confidence in their role performance.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.287-303
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to describe infant and mother behaviors across situations. And, it was to examine the associations between infant's temperament and infant's patterns of attachment to their mother with mother-infant interaction. Results showed that there were significant main effects for the attentional focus of the situation and the level of regulatory challenge on observed mother-infant interaction behaviors. Also, mother and infant showed significant differences in their interaction behaviors depending on the patterns of infant temperzment and the patterns of infant-mother attachment.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.89-109
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of knowledge that mothers have on child development. To do so, a Knowledge of Child Development Inventory(KCDI) developed by Larsen &Juhasz(1986) was carried on to 156 mothers with an infant range from birth to age 24 months. The findings of the study were twofold: First, 70% of the questions on average were answered correctly by the participants. In other words, mothers generally demonstrated a high level of knowledge on child development. With regard to knowledge of child development, their knowledge on physical development of children was relatively low in comparison with that of cognitive and emotional development. In addition, mothers with a girl were more aware of child development especially in relation to child's emotional development. Also, mothers who delivered a heavier baby at birth possessed a higher level of knowledge concerning child's physical development. Second, other external factors, such as the level of family income and mother's education, played a significant role in affecting the level of knowledge on child development. Unsurprisingly, mothers with a higher income and education level demonstrated a higher level of knowledge on child's cognitive development. The findings of the study implicates that mothers seldom demonstrate a proper level of knowledge on child development. Hence, this study suggests that a practical, functional training services and resources for current and future mothers must be ensued.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.224-230
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate infant temperament and mother-infant attachment of breast-feeding mothers with a $5{\sim}7$ month old infant. Methods: This study was descriptive research. The subjects were 258 infants and their mothers participating in 'Year 2007 Healthy Breastfed Baby Contest' on September 5, 2007 and visiting a community health service center from September 1 to December 30 in 2007, The data was gathered by structured questionnaires about the 'maternal attachment inventory (MAI)' and 'what my baby is like (WBL)'. Results: The mean score of WBL was 6.75 and that of MAI was 3.88. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between the score of infant temperament and mother-infant attachment (r = .33, p < .01). Conclusion: Breast-feeding mothers perceived infant's temperament as more positive, therefore, breast-feeding should be encouraged.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.151-164
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to develop a mother-infant interaction intervention program based on enhancing sensitivity to infant cues. Subjects were 9 infants, 3-26 months of age and their mothers, 6 Korean, 2 Mongolian and 1 North Korean. The intervention program was based on the Nursing Child Assessment Satellite Training model(NCAST; Barnard, 1994); data were analyzed by Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and Mann-Whitney Test. Results were that the interaction score and infant caring confidence score of the intervention group was higher than the non-intervention group. Mother's sensitive responses to infant cues enhanced the degree of mother-infant interaction.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.1355-1364
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• 1999

Mother and infant relationship has a great influence on child's developments. In this study, nursing intervention to increase maternal sensitivity to the infant's cues was applied to 25 primiparas (Experimental Group). Mother and infant interacations of these primiparas were compared with those of 25 primiparas (Control Group) who did not receive the nursing intervention. Fifty primiparas and infants were recruited from a university hospital, a general hospital, and an OBGY clinic located in Taegu city. Mother and infant interactions were assessed at 6 weeks after birth using videotapes. Feeding situations were videotaped and two trained observers analyzed the tapes. Data were collected from March 23rd to July 27th of 1998. Mother and infant interactions during feeding were assessed by the response rating scale which was modified by the author based on NCAST feeding scale (Barnard, 1978a) and AMIS scale (Price, 1983). The validity of the modified rating scale was verified by faculty members and researchers who previously had research experience in the area. Cronbach's Alpha of the modified scale for this study was .90. The data was analyzed by SAS program, using wilcoxon rank sums test, chi square test, Fisher's exact test, and ANOVA. Findings were as follows: 1. Mothers in the experimental group were more likely to have higher scores in mother and infant interactions during feeding than mothers in the control group. 2. Mothers in the experimental group showed better sensitivity to infant's signals or cues, provided growth fostering, and had higher responsibility to the infant's distress than mothers in the control group. 3. Infants in the experimental group showed higher clarity of cues and responsibility to the mother's behaviors than infants in the control group. 4. Mothers and infants in the experimental group showed higher synchronic responses than mothers and infants in the control group. In conclusion, this study has shown that the applied nursing intervention promoted mother and infant interaction among primiparas. Therefore, this study suggests that the nursing interventions to increase maternal sensitivity to the infant's cues should be broadly applied to primiparas, which can be beneficial to the social, affective, and cognitive developments of their children.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.103-124
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• 2005

This study aims to investigate and analyze how toddlers' characteristics and child care center's environments including facilities and care-givers' characteristics affect toddlers' behavior in child care center using observational methods. Total 40 toddlers in same numbers of boys and girls participated in this study. Average age of tollers were the 31.7 months ranging from 27 months to 35 months. The toddlers were observed with the observation schedule modified from observation categories of Holloway and Reichhart-Erickson(1988). Data were analysed by Pearson's correlation, t-test, one away ANOVA, Duncan Test and stepwise regression using the SPSSWIN Version. The results of the study were as follow: First, the toddlers' behaviors were related to all the toddlers' characteristics. Second, the toddlers' behaviors were related to all the characteristics of the child care facilities such as the types of facilities, the class size and the caregiver-toddler ratio. Third, the toddler' behaviors were related to caregivers' variables such as the total care experience in centers, the experience with toddler care, the martial status, the certificate types except the child rearing experience and the educational level. Fourth, the toddlers' characteristics were more significantly related to the behavior of them than those of child care centers' environment.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.86-93
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• 1995

본 연구는 애착관계를 중심으로 모-자녀간 상호작용의 특성 및 외조모 모, 손녀 3세 대간의 애착관계의 전이와 그것이 반영이 사회적 능력에 미치는 영향을 전생애적 관점에서 파악하고자 하였다 연구대상은 만 14-20개월의 영아와 그 어머니 45쌍 국민학교 1,2,3학년 아동과 그들의 어머니 226쌍 그리고 중.고등학교에 재학중인 여학생과 어머니 외할머니로 구성된 모녀간 3세대 140쌍이었다. 본 연구의 결과 애착관계는 전생애에 걸쳐 비교적 높았 고 상호작용적으로 나타났다 그러나 애착의 특징은 발달단계별로 달라 영아의 어머니에 대 한 애착관계는 어머니의 적절한 양육행동이 아동기는 신뢰감을 주는 양육행동이 청년기에는 애착감정이 그리고 중년기 이후에는 자율성만이 애착관계와 관련이 있었다 3세대간의 애착 관계의 전이는 중년기 이후에만 나타났고 애착과 사회적 능력과의 관계는 아동기, 청년기, 중년기, 노년기까지 관계가 있는 것으로 나타나 애착관계가 전생애적으로 사회적 능력에 중 요함을 보여준다. 이상을 통해 볼 때 본 연구는 전체적으로 전생애적 관점에서의 애착이론 을 지지하였다.