• Membrane Journal
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.83-93
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• 1993

1950년대 이후 이온교환막이 실용화됨으로써 분리막이 산업분야에 처음으로 활용되기 시작하였으며 1960년대에는 혈액투석막, 정밀여과막, 역삼투막 및 한외여과막이 개발되었고, 특히 이 시대에 Loeb와 Soruirajan이 개발한 비대칭막 제조기술은 매우 큰 의미를 가지며 막분리 기술에 대한 상품화의 기초가 되었다. 1970년대초 Pilot 규모의 Test가 성행하였으며, 특히 1970년대말 미국의 Arizona지역에서 콜로라도강 지류의 염분을 제거하는 방법으로서 역삼투막 처리기술을 채택함으로써 대형 Plant에 대한 막분리 기술의 성능이 입증되었다. 1980년대 이후에도 고도의 분리기능을 가지는 막의 개발과 고효율 System의 개발 및 새로운 용도가 개척되고 있다.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.102-104
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• 1998

한외여과막을 이용한 수용성 절삭유의 재사용 1. 서론 : 최근 수용성 합성 금속 가공유의 시장 점유율이 급격히 확대되어 감에 따라서 환경오염문제가 심각하게 대두되고 있으며 특히, 금속 가공유의 용액내의 미생물의 번식을 억제하기 위하여 사용하는 biocide가 다량 방류될 경우 생태계의 미치는 영향이 지대할 수 있다. (생략)

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 1991.04a
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• pp.40-42
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• 1991

최근에 분리 농축 그리고 정제 등의 분야에서 세라믹 분리막은 내열성, 내약품성 및 우수한 기계적 강도와 같은 특성으로 인해 기존의 유기고분자막으로는 사용할수 없던 영역까지 그 응용 범위를 확대시키고 있다. 이러한 세라믹 분리막 중 기공크기가 0.1-0.001 $\mu$m 정도로 미세한 한외여과막의 경우, 최근에는 주로 졸-겔법을 이용하여 제조되는 것으로 보고되고 있는데, 이는 졸-겔법이 기존 분리 공정과 비교하여 볼대 다음과 같은 장점이 있기 때문이다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.234-238
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• 2008

Coarse pore filter could be an alternative of membrane for solid-liquid separation in an activated sludge reactor because of inexpensive cost of the filter material and high flux at low filtration pressure. However such filter module has much less specific filtration area compared to the membrane. Therefore a certain effort is required to increase the specific filtration area in the module design of such coarse pore filter for solid-liquid separation in an activated sludge reactor. In this study, tubular type coarse pore filter was designed at various diameter and configuration. The filtration performance was investigated to separate solid in the activated sludge reactor for domestic wastewater treatment. Tubular type coarse pore filter module could be successfully applicable to solid separation in the activated sludge reactor. The design parameters were the tube diameter of 10mm and vertical installation. Smaller diameter of the tube caused faster increase of the filtration pressure because of the hydraulic head loss in the tube channel.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.44-53
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• 2007

The primary objective of this study is to increase the extent of water flux and fouling resistance of nano-filtration or reverse osmosis membranes. This study was performed to investigate the effect of surface characteristics of silane coated membranes on modified fouling index. Commercial polyamide composite RO membrane (RE1812-LP) and NF membrane (ESNA4040-LF) were treated with silane coupling agents in ethanol at five different concentrations. The silane coupling reagent, aminopropylmethoxydiethoxysilane, contains one aminoalkyl and three alkoxy groups. The hydrophilic effect of aminoalkyl group of APMDES on the permeability and fouling resistance of the modified membrane was examined. The surfaces of the modified membranes were characterized by FE-SEM, contact angle analyzer, and zeta potentiometer in order to confirm successful sol-gel methods. The modified NF membranes showed significantly enhanced water flux and fouling resistance without a decrease in salt rejection in divalent ionic feed solution.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.61-66
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• 2000

A method was developed for concentrating fish pathogenic virus from sea water using membrane ultrafiltration system and centricon. The method consists of passing large volumes (Ca. 20 liter) of sea water through ultrafiltration (PAN) filter followed by cross-flow filtration method and centrifugation use the centricon (Plus-20). This procedure permitted the processing of 20 liter of sea water which resulted in a 20,000-fold reduction in the volume of water and greater than 90% recovery of the seeded MABV.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.311-319
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• 1999

Membrane separation process is considered as an alternative of conventional water purification system using coagulationㆍsedimentation＋sand filtration. In this study, it was examined that the application possibility of Hollowfiber Microfiltration membrane for water purification process. A $20m^3/day$ scale pilot plant was used for studying the possibility of long-term operation and the stability of water quality under the optimum conditions, 0.03m/h permeate flux, filtration for 10 minutes, pause for 2 minutes(including air-scrubbing for 30 seconds), obtained by lab-scale experiment. As a result, it was proved stability of pilot plant over one year and filtrate quality(Turbidity. SS etc). Therefore, it was proved that membrane separation process using Hollowfiber Microfiltration membrane can be applied for water purification system

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.347-353
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• 2014

This work was performed to find the effect of operation parameters on the permeate flux through the activated sludge dynamic layer, and to indicate the relationship between the water quality of supernatant and flux based on the results. Since the effluent can be obtained through steady and stable formation of cake layer in the bio-filter media system, it is an important subject to keep and control microbes with activated state in the bio-reactor. Filtration resistance was drastically increased at more than 18000mg/L of MLSS. With filtration time continued, the flux was gradually decreased and the water qualities of supernatant monitored by turbidity and TOC were also deteriorated. This phenomenon indicated that the organic materials generated by microbes and accumulated in the reactor might affect the flux in the system. In addition, the decrease of flux was simultaneously observed in the sludge volume index. When SVI was controlled from 150 to 250, the flux was also decreased. The proper aeration time was recommended to 30 to 60 seconds in this system. In order to operate this system steadily, therefore, the control of water quality of supernatant and SVI should be proceeded.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.202-208
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• 1999

The car washing effluent containing various oils and detergent was treated by ultrafiltration membranes. Dead-end type stirred cell (Amicon 8050) with 10, 30 and lOOk dalton membranes was used to determine permeation and rejection characteristics for the car washing effluent. In case of low molecular weight cut-off membranes, the effect of membrane fouling was weak under the applied pressures. However, the permeation flux for YM100 membrane(look dalton) may be affected by oil layer formation on the membrane surface as well as oil particle plugging for a part of membrane pores due to compressible and deformable oil properties. Oil and particle rejections in the permeates were over 95%, but detergent was passed easily through the membranes. Hence, the permeates containing detergent can be recycled to the system, and may reduce water pollution. Also, the car washing effluent was treated continuously by a capillary type ultrafiltration membrane of MWCO 50k dalton. The experimental data were fitted suitably to the cake filtration model.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.26-36
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• 2004

Ultrafiltration membranes based on anion charged poly(bis[4-(3-aminophenoxy)phenyl]sulfone pyromellite) imide derivatives (ACPI) were prepared by the phase inversion method. The polymers have good solubility in aprotic polar solvents. The composition of casting solution and the casting conditions played an important role in determining the permeation characteristics of membrane because the membrane structure could be controlled by the preparation conditions. The extent of fouling-repression was observed by the relative ratio of permeate flux ($J_t$)/pure water flux ($J_0$) and the membrane filtration index (MFI). The characteristics were measured by aqueous solution of bovine serum albumin (BSA) over a pH range of 2.5-9.0. The ACPI membrane having a hydrophilic property was less fouled than the membrane prepared from the original polyimide. With increasing the ion exchange capacity of ACPI membrane, th $\varepsilon$ relative ratio of flux was higher while the membrane filtration index was lower as compared with the original polyimide membrane. From the further away from isoelectric point of bovin serum albumin, the permeation was higher as well as the formation of fouling was more diminish. ACPI membranes having various their properties could be obtained. Further, it was proved that their permeation properties could be determined from the preparation conditions, various operating conditions, and dim $\varepsilon$ rent ion exchange capacity of anion charged polyimide derivatives.