• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.434-441
• /
• 2010

The Plants and their extracts containing polyphenol have been shown to be associated with decreased the cause of aging and variety of disease such as reaction oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in several recent studies. We conducted to investigate whether the extracts and fractionation isolated from Aster glehni Fr. Schm. has an inhibitory effect association with oxidation or inflammation. The Aster glehni Fr. Schm. 70% aq. MeOH was fractioned according to polarity with n-hexane layer, EtOAc layer, n-BuOH layer and water layer. The electron donating ability of EtOAc, n-BuOH solvent fraction from Aster glehni Fr. Schm. was about 58.0%, 46.4% at $50\;{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The superoxide anion radical inhibitory effect of EtOAc extracts was about 64.65% at $50\;{\mu}g/mL$, and n-BuOH extracts was 35.66% at $50\;{\mu}g/mL$. EtOAc layer to the inhibition activity of hyaluronidase and lipoxygenase were inhibited about 24.37%, 29.5% at $5\;{\mu}g/mL$. In the anti-inflammation effect of EtOAc layer inhibited the generation of nitric oxide. also, these results showed that EtOAc extract inhibited 81.5% at $50\;{\mu}g/mL$ on the expressions of iNOS protein in Raw264.7 cell line.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.211-216
• /
• 2003

This study was carried out to determine the antioxidative, antimutagenic, and anticancer effects of Rhodiola sachalinensis root using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical donating method, Ames test and cytotoxicity, respectively. Rhodiola sachalinenis root were extracted with ethanol and then further fractionated to n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), butanol and water, stepwise. Among five fractions, the Etohc fractions showed the highest electron donating activities (14.3 $\mu$g/mL). The inhibition rate of ethanol extract (200$\mu$g/plate) of Rhodiola sachalinensis root in the S. typhimurium TA100 strain showed 89.1% inhibition against the mutagenesis induced by MNNG. In addition, the suppression of EtOAc fractions with same concentration of Rhodiola sachalinensis root in the S. typhimurium TA98 and TAI00 strains showed 89.7% and 91.5% inhibition against 4NQO, respectively. The suppressions under the same condition against B($\alpha$)P and Trp-P-1 in the TA98 and TA100 strains were 94.2% and 95.7%, and 92.3% and 93.8%, respectively. The cytotoxic effects of Rhodiola sachalinensis root against the cell lines with human lung carcinoma (A549), human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), human gastric carcinoma (AGS) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) were inhibited with the increase of the extract concentration. The treatment of 1.0 mg/mL Rhodiola sachalinensis root of EtOAc fraction showed strong cytotoxicities of 90.5%, 81.5%, 92.2% and 82.6% against A549, HepG2, AGS and MCF-7, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.45 no.11
• /
• pp.1595-1603
• /
• 2016

The present study examined the anti-inflammatory effects of Oenanthe javanica ethanol extract (OJE) and its fraction on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. OJE remarkably reduced protein expression of inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), resulting in inhibition of production of nitric oxide (NO). In order to identify the anti-inflammatory effects of bioactive fractions, OJE was fractionated into hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fractions. The results show that the ethyl acetate and dichloromethane fractions reduced production of NO without cytotoxicity. Especially, the ethyl acetate fraction effectively reduced protein expression of iNOS and COX-2. Proinflammatory cytokine production was also reduced by ethyl acetate fractions in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. These data suggest that OJE and its fraction possess pharmacological activity and might be useful for development of anti-inflammatory agents or dietary supplements.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.222-227
• /
• 2012

In this study, nano-emulsion containing ethyl acetate fraction of Polygonum aviculare (P. aviculare) extract was prepared and skin permeability of the nano-emulsion was evaluated. Nano-emulsion was prepared using homogenizer and microfluidizer by the high-energy method. The droplet size and loading efficiency of nano-emulsion containing ethyl acetate fraction of P. aviculare extract were determined. The mean droplet size was 238 nm and the loading efficiency was more than 98%. The size distribution of nano-emulsion was a monodispersed form and nano-emulsion was more stable than that of using typical emulsion without using the microfluidizer. The in vitro skin permeation study of nano-emulsion containing ethyl acetate fraction of P. aviculare extract was carried out using Franz diffusion cells. Compared to 1,3-butylene glycol, nano-emulsion showed greater values of cumulative permeation of ethyl acetate fraction from P. aviculare extract. These results indicate that the stability and skin permeability of nano-emulsion containing ethyl acetate fraction of P. aviculare exerting anti-oxidative and anti-aging activities were enhanced.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.113-120
• /
• 2011

In vitro antioxidant activities and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory effects of solvent fractions from aged raw garlic extracts were investigated. Total phenolics fractioned by hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and water from Aged raw garlic extracts were 3.70, 23.63, 31.27 and 2.35 mg/g, respectively. We found that ethyl acetate fractions had the highest in ABTS radical scavenging activities, ferric reducing antioxidant power and inhibitory effect on auto-oxidation of linoleic acid. Intracellular ROS accumulation resulting from $H_2O_2$ treatment of PC12 cells was significantly reduced when ethyl acetate fractions were present in the medium compared to PC12 cells treated with $H_2O_2$ only. In addition, we found that ethyl acetate fractions from aged raw garlic extracts resulted in a dose-dependent manner on AChE inhibition. Consequently, our results suggest that ethyl acetate fractions from aged raw garlic extracts may be useful as decreasing agents of oxidative stress and AChE inhibitors.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.106-110
• /
• 2004

The objective of this study was carried out to investigate nutritional characteristics and biological activities effects of Korean leaf of Rosa davurica Pall. in vitro. They were extracted with methanol and then further fractionated to n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl-acetate, n-butanol and water from methanol extracts. Methods of the antigenotoxic used in this experiment were UVA/UVB absorption property and DPPH radical scavenge. The proximate compositions of leaves of Rosa dauvrica Pall were 67.5％ of crude Moisture, 0.7％ of crude fat, 6.8％ of crude protein, 6.1％ of crude ash, and 20.8％ of crude fiber. The major minerals were K (1637.2 mg％), Ca (219.5 mg％), P (182.1 mg％), and Mg (135.1 mg％). Most of the fractions of methanol extract which leaves of Rosa dauvrica Pall. have strong absorbency at UVB region (308 nm) and UV A region (350nm). These fractions have a good absorbency property as synthetic filter and could be served as substitutes for synthetic UV sunscreen agents. All fractions (n-hexane, ethyl-acetate, n-butanol and water) from methanol extracts except chloroform fraction exhibited DPPH radical scavenging activity with IC$\_$50/ of 35.3, 6.0, 14.0, and 18.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.51 no.1
• /
• pp.90-96
• /
• 2019

Unripe astringent persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb. cv. Cheongdo-Bansi) is a by-product produced when thinning out the superfluous fruit of persimmon. We investigated whether unripe astringent persimmon has antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Unripe astringent persimmon extract was fractionated sequentially in n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water. The ethyl acetate fraction had the highest total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity compared to those of the other fractions. Pretreatment of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages with the ethyl acetate fraction reduced nitric oxide, interleukin-6, and intracellular oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry analysis revealed gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, quercetin, and p-coumaric acid as the phenolic compounds of the ethyl acetate fraction. Collectively, these findings suggest that unripe astringent persimmon is a source of functional materials that can promote antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
• /
• v.44 no.4
• /
• pp.427-436
• /
• 2018

In this study, we investigated anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial constituents from Daucus carota var. sativa (carrot) areal parts. For the extract and solvent fractions, the anti-inflammatory activities were examined by measuring the nitric oxide (NO) production using LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Among them, the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction decreased the NO level in a dose-dependent manner. To elucidate further anti-inflammatory mechanisms, EtOAc fraction was evaluated by estimating their effects on the production of prostaglandin $E_2$ and pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). As a result, the EtOAc fraction was determined to inhibit the production of $PGE_2$, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and reduce the iNOS, COX-2 protein expression. Upon the anti-bacterial tests using Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes, n-hexane (Hex) and EtOAc fractions showed the most potent activities. Three phytochemicals were isolated form the EtOAc fraction; diosmetin (1), diosmin (2), cynaroside (3). The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated based on the spectroscopic data including $^1H$ and $^{13}C$ NMR spectra, as well as comparison of the data to the literatures. Anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial effects were studied for the isolates. All of the compounds (1 - 3) decreased the NO production, effectively. Also, compound 3 showed anti-bacterial activity on P. acnes. Based on these results, D. carota var. sativa extract could be potentially applicable as anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial ingredients in cosmetic formulations.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.118-125
• /
• 2021

In this study Orostachys japonica A. Berger used is a medicinal herb that has long been used as a folk remedy for cancer treatment. In this study, the antioxidant efficacy of the ethyl acetate fraction of Orostachys japonica A. Berger was confirmed. The results of the Orostachys japonica A. Berge ethyl acetate fraction of antioxidant activity assays showed Antioxidant effect of Orostachys japonica A. Berger EtOAc fraction extract at 0.10 mg/mL was showed a DPPH radical scavenging rate of 78.54% and ABTS+ radical scavenging rate of 73.48%. Also, the toxicity result of Orostachys japonica A. Berger EtOAc fraction extracts using alternative experimental animal model zebrafish, confirmed a 100% the survival of the zebrafish embryo was shown that there was no coagulation and no hatching delay at all concentrations. also ROS generation induced by UV-B irradiation was confirmed that the fluorescence intensity decreased as a whole in all larvae treated with Orostachys japonica A. Berger EtOAc fraction extracts. In particular, it was confirmed that ROS generation was effectively suppressed by showing a 35.7% reduction rate compared to the positive control at a concentration of 3 ㎍/mL. These results were confirmed that Orostachys japonica A. Berger EtOAc fraction extracts has the possibility of application in the cosmetics field as a natural antioxidant.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.32 no.7
• /
• pp.501-509
• /
• 2022

Pollen corrected from Quercus species is abundant in Korea and has been used to treat anemia and inflammation of the prostate gland. It is also used for hemostasis in oriental medicine. In this study, the ethanol extract of the acorn pollen and its subsequent organic solvent fractions using hexane, ethylacetate, butanol, and water residue were prepared, and their antioxidant, anti-thrombosis, and hemolysis activities were evaluated. The ethylacetate fraction of acorn pollen (EF-AP) showed the highest polyphenol content (225.0 mg/g) and strong antioxidant activity among the solvent fractions. The RC₅₀ of EF-AP against DPPH, ABTS, and nitrite radicals was 72.2, 27.7, and 62.6 ㎍/ml, respectively. The blood coagulation activities of the all-solvent fractions determined by thrombin time, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time were negligible up to 5 mg/ml. Platelet aggregation inhibitory activities were observed in the EF-AP, butanol fraction, and water residue, whereas hexane fraction induced strong platelet aggregation. The EF-AP has no hemolysis activity against human RBC up to 1 mg/ml. UPLC/MS/MS analysis of the EF-AP revealed that rutin, isoquercitrin, and astragalin are major compounds for antioxidant and anti-thrombosis activities. Our results suggest that EF-AP could be developed as a noble antioxidant and anti-thrombosis agent.