• Title/Summary/Keyword: 억제인자

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Effects of dietary Gelidium elegans extract on fat metabolism in preadipocyte cell and mice fed a high-fat diet (개별인정원료 우뭇가사리추출물의 체지방 감소에 관한 기능성 고찰)

  • Lee, Boo-Yong;Chung, Hee-Chul
    • Food Science and Industry
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    • v.53 no.4
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    • pp.390-396
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    • 2020
  • We investigated the anti-obesity effect of Gelidium elegans extract (GE) on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and a high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced mouse model. The results of the present study demonstrated that GE prevents weight gain induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) by modulating the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-PR domain-containing 16 (PRDM16)-uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1) pathway in a mice model. Moreover, in vitro results show that GE suppressed adipocyte differentiation by modulating adipogenic regulators, stimulated lipolysis by activating ATGL, and inhibited adipogenesis by downregulating various enzymes associated with triglyceride synthesis. GE was also found to upregulate AMPK phosphorylation as well as the expression of UCP1 and PRDM16 proteins, leading to measurable changes in the beige-like phenotype differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells. Taken together, these findings suggest the role of GE as a functional food ingredient extracted from Gelidium elegans to increase energy expenditure and anti-obesity efficacy.

Screening of Natural Compounds for Cancer Prevention by Cytotoxicities and AP-1 Reporter Gene Activities (천연물 지표성분들의 세포독성 및 AP-1 활성 평가를 통한 암예방 기능성 탐색)

  • Choi, Bu-Young;Cho, Seok-Cheol
    • Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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    • v.7 no.6
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    • pp.89-95
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    • 2017
  • Cancer-inducing PMA stimulates cells to increase the expression of transcription factor c-Jun/c-fos and then increase the activity of AP-1 in the nucleus. The activity of AP-1 has been reported to cause cancer. In this study, We conducted cytotoxicity experiments to assess the safety of natural marker compounds and also observed inhibition of activator protein(AP-1) activity to predict cancer-preventing effects. The results of this experiment indicated that arctigenin, manassantin A, and B can predict the development of cancer prevention agents.

Antiproliferative Effect of Bacillus subtilis Fermented Soy Milk in AGS Human Gastric Adenocarcinoma Cells (Bacillus subtilis 발효두유의 AGS 인체 위암세포 증식억제 효과)

  • Seo, Hae-Ree;Kim, Ji-Young;Bae, Geun-Ho;Park, Kun-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.38 no.5
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    • pp.644-648
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    • 2009
  • Antiproliferative effects of soy milk fermented with Bacillus subtilis from chungkukjang was studied in AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells. The fermented soy milk by B. subtilis (B. subtilis-F-SM) exhibited 82% growth inhibitory effect at 2 mg/mL concentration, while non-fermented soy milk (Non-F-SM) showed 68%. B. subtilis-F-SM treated AGS cells induced more apoptotic bodies than the Non-F-SM treated cells. In mRNA expressions, B. subtilis-F-SM showed decreased expression of anti-apoptotic bcl-2 and increased expression of pro-apoptotic bax. The expressions of tumor suppressor genes of p53 and p21 were also increased. These results suggest that fermented soy milk by B. subtilis exhibited higher antiproliferative activities compared with non-fermented soy milk.

Antiadipogenic Effects of Red Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) Sprout Extract in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes (적무 새싹 추출물의 3T3-L1 지방전구세포에서 지방합성 억제 효과)

  • Kim, Da Hye;Kim, Sang Jun;Jeong, Seung-Il;Cheon, Chun Jin;Kim, Seon-Young
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.24 no.11
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    • pp.1224-1230
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    • 2014
  • The red radish (Raphanus sativus L.; RR) sprout is a plant of the cruciferous family. In this study, we elucidated the effect of the water extract of RR sprout (RRSE) against ${\alpha}$-amylase, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase enzyme activity and adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. ${\alpha}$-amylase, ${\alpha}$-glucosidase, and pancreatic lipase enzyme activity was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner by RRSE treatment. RSSE also abolished adipocyte differentiation and lipid and triglyceride accumulation without cytotoxicity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. In addition, RRSE modulated the expression of the proteins related to adipogenic transcription factors: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)${\gamma}$, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), and CCAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP)${\alpha}$. RRSE also suppressed expression of the proteins responsible for lipid synthesis, transport, and storage: adiponectin, fatty acid synthesis (FAS), perilipin, and fatty acid bind protein-4 (FABP4). This study showed that RRS treatment has the potential to inhibit obesity by controlling the expression of adipogenic transcription factors and adipogenic proteins.

Inhibitory effect of Koreinsis chinensis leaves extract on proinflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide-induced Raw 264.7 cells (Lipopolysaccharide로 유도된 Raw 264.7 cell에서 잣 잎(Koreinsis chinensis L.) 추출물의 Pro-inflammatory 억제 효과)

  • Cho, Young-Je
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.60 no.3
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    • pp.191-198
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    • 2017
  • Hyaluronidase inhibitory activity as inflammatory factor of Koreinsis chinensis leaf ethanol extract was showed higher inhibitory activity than water extract. 29.5% inhibitory activity was shown at concentration of $200{\mu}g/mL$ phenolics. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated Raw 264.7 cells were treated with different concentrations ($5-25{\mu}g/mL$) of Koreinsis chinensis leaf extract and the amount of nitric oxide (NO) was determined; LPS-treated cells produced 3 times more NO than non-LPS treated cells. Moreover, the NO production in cells treated with Koreinsis chinensis leaf extract showed inhibitory effect in a concentration-dependent manner. Due to the stimulant-induced NO production is regulated by the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), we determined the iNOS protein level to elucidate the mechanism by which the NO production was inhibited. It was reduced by 40% with a Koreinsis chinensis leaf extract concentration of $25{\mu}g/mL$ and identified iNOS inhibition in dose-dependent manner. The prostaglandin $E_2$ production in cells treated with Koreinsis chinensis leaf extract was reduced by 26.2% at concentration of $25{\mu}g/mL$. The protein expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in LPS-treated Raw 264.7 cells was inhibited by 64% at $25{\mu}g/mL$ of Koreinsis chinensis leaf extract. Koreinsis chinensis leaf extract had a concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on the production of tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ and interleukin-6 as pro-inflammatory cytokine in LPS-treated Raw 264.7 cells at $25{\mu}g/mL$ of Koreinsis chinensis leaf extract. Their levels were decreased by 61.7 and 62% respectively.

Effects of Esthetic Essential Oils on LPS-Induced Nitric Oxide Generation in Murine Marcrophage RAW 264,7 Cells (Medical Skin Care에서 사용빈도가 높은 Esthetic Essential Oils에 의한 Nitric Oxide 생성억제 효과)

  • Hong, Jin-Tae;Lee, Hwa-Jeong;Lee, Chung-Woo;Choi, Myoung-Suk;Son, Dong-Ju
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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    • v.32 no.2 s.57
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    • pp.111-116
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    • 2006
  • Essential oils have been used extensively in pharmacy, medicine, food, beverages, cosmetics, perfumery and aromatherapy. Although anti-bacteria, anti-virus, alleviation of fever operations and an anti-inflammatory properties have been reported, action mechanisms have not been fully discovered. In the present study, anti-inflammatory activities of thirty three essential oils have been evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated macrophage RAW 264.7 cells by the evaluation of nitric oxide (NO) generation since NO generation is implicated in causal factor of inflammation. Among the tested 33 essential oil, Lemongrass oil showed the most inhibitory effect on LPS-induced NO generation in a dose dependent manner ($IC_{50}$ : $22 {\mu}g/mL$). In further study, it was found that Lemongrass oil inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase. These results suggest that Lemongrass oil may be useful for improvements of the inflammatory disease such as pimple acne skin.

Effects of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, Trichostatin A, on the Differentiation of C2C12 Myoblasts and the Expression of Cell Cycle Regulators (히스톤 탈아세틸화 효소 억제제 trichostatin A가 C2C12 myoblast 세포 분화와 세포주기 조절인자의 발현에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Won-Jun
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.17 no.7 s.87
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    • pp.976-982
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    • 2007
  • The purpose of this study was to determine the modulating effects of histone deacetylase inhibitor, trichostatin A, on the differentiation of mouse C2C12 myoblasts. We demonstrated that trichostatin A induced morphological changes of C2C12 myoblasts into smooth muscles and significantly increased the gene expression of smooth muscle markers including smooth muscle ${\alpha}-actin$ and transgelin. These results were due to the change in the expression level of cell cycle regulators in trichostatin A-treated C2C12 cells. Real-time PCR data revealed that cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor, p21, mRNA expression was significantly increased in trichostatin A-treated C2C12 cells. However, trichostaDn A rapidly decreased cyclin Dl mRNA expression necessary for cell cycle progression in 24hr after treatment. In conclusion, the strong inhibitory effects of trichostatin A on histone deacetylation induced transdifferentiation of C2C12 myoblasts into smooth muscle cells and these results are partly due to the changes in the expression of cell cycle regulators such as p21 and cyclin D1.

Inhibition of Migration and Invasion of LNCap Human Prostate Carcinoma Cells by Doxorubicin through Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinase Activity and Tightening of Tight Junctions (Doxorubicin에 의한 치밀결합 강화 및 MMPs의 활성 억제를 통한 LNCap 전립선 암세포의 이동성 및 침윤성의 억제)

  • Choi, Yung Hyun;Shin, Dong Yeok;Kim, Wun-Jae
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.24 no.6
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    • pp.700-706
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    • 2014
  • Doxorubicin (trade name adriamycin), an anthracycline antibiotic, is commonly used in the treatment of a wide range of cancers, including hematological malignancies, many types of carcinoma, and soft tissue sarcomas. It is closely related to the natural product daunomycin, and like all anthracyclines, it works by intercalating DNA. Its most serious adverse effect is life-threatening heart damage. Its anti-metastatic mechanisms in human prostate carcinomas are not fully understood. In this study, we used LNCap human prostate carcinoma cells to investigate the inhibitory effects of doxorubicin on cell motility and invasion, two critical cellular processes that are often deregulated during metastasis. Doxorubicin treatment inhibited cell migration and invasiveness of LNCap cells without showing any toxicity. Doxorubicin treatment also suppressed the activity and expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9, which were associated with up-regulated expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2 in LNCap cells. Doxorubicin treatment also attenuated the expression levels of claudin family members (claudin-1, -2,-3 and -4), major components of tightening of tight junctions (TJs) and increased the tightening of TJs, as demonstrated by an increase in transepithelial electrical resistance. The present findings demonstrate that doxorubicin reduces the migration and invasion of prostate carcinomas LNCap cells by modulating the activity of TJs and MMPs.

A Study on the Gene Expression in Shikonin-Induced Inhibition of Adipogenesis (Shikonin에 의한 지방세포형성 억제과정에서의 유전자 발현 연구)

  • Lee, Hae-Yong;Kang, Ryun-Hwa;Chung, Sang-In;Cho, Soo-Hyun;Oh, Dong-Jin;Yoon, Yoo-Sik
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.19 no.11
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    • pp.1637-1643
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    • 2009
  • Shikonin, a component of Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb. et Zucc, exerts various characteristics such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-obesity functions. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of shikonin-induced inhibition of adipogenesis, we analyzed the mRNA expression level of various adipogenesis-related factors including C/EBPs (CCAAT/enhancerbinding proteins) and $PPAR{\gamma}$ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor $\gamma$). The data showed that mRNA expressions of C/$EBP{\beta}$ and C/$EPB{\delta}$ were only slightly changed by shikonin treatment, but mRNA expressions of $PPAR{\gamma}$ and C/$EPB{\alpha}$ were significantly down-regulated. Then, we tested whether upstream regulators of C/$EBP{\beta}$ and $PPAR{\gamma}$ were involved in anti-adipogenesis of shikonin. C/$EBP{\gamma}$ and CHOP (C/EBP homologous protein), which are upstream regulators of C/$EBP{\beta}$, were not affected by shikonin treatment. On the contrary, the mRNA level of KROX20 was markedly down-regulated by shikonin treatment. These results suggest that KROX20 might regulate downstream factors of adipogenesis through C/$EBP{\beta}$-independent pathway. The expression of KLF15 (Kruppel-like factor15), which is a member of KLF family and is a upstream regulator of $PPAR{\gamma}$, was dramatically decreased by shikonin treatment, but KLF2 was not changed. Shikonin had no impact on the expression of KLF5 in the early stage of adipogenesis, but shikonin increased expression of KLF5 in the late stage of adipogenesis. Even though mRNA expression of KLF5 was moderately changed by shikonin treatment, its effect may be small compared with the effect of KLF15, which was markedly inhibited. Taken together, these results suggest that shikonin inhibits adipogenesis through the down-regulation of $PPAR{\gamma}$ and C/$EPB{\alpha}$, which is mediated by the down-regulation of two pro-adipogenic factors, KROX20 and KLF15.

Inhibitory Action of Maillard Reaction Products Derived from Glucose Amino Acids on the Formation of N-nitrosamine (Glucose-아미노산계 Maillard 반응생성물의 니트로사민 생성억제작용)

  • 이동호;이태기;여생규;염동민;김선봉;박영호
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.137-142
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    • 1994
  • The present paper was carried out to investigate the inhibition of carcinogenic N-nitrosodimethylamine(NDMA) formation by Maillard reactiion products and nondialyzable melanoidins, obtiane dfrom the glucoseamino acids(Lys, Gly, Arg, His) model systems under different pH conditions(pH 1.2, 4.2 and 6.0). Maillard raction products and nondialyzable melanoidins, produced from the 4 model systems, had a inhibitory action of N-nitrosodimethylamine formation. The inhibitiondegree by the nondialyzable mealanoidins. at pH 1.2 was similar to that at pH 4.2 and that by ascorbic acid at pH 1.2 . Inhibitory action of N-nitrosodimehylamine formation by the reduced Maillard reaction products and nondialyzable melanoidins were lower than that of original samples. Accordingly, it is assumed that the inhibition of N-nitrosodimehtylamine formation of Maillard reaction products is due to their reducing powers.

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