• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.91-98
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• 2000

To investigate the distribution of dry eye and to accept diagnosis methods of dry eye in ophthalmic shop, this study was performed on 81 persons(male : 49, female : 32). 1. We divided two group for diagnosing dry eye by dry eye screening questionnaire : one was dry eye symptom group(49.3%) and the other was non-dry eye symptom group(50.7%). 2. Non-invasive break-up time(NIBUT) which was measured by using Tear $scope^{(R)}$ (Killer. co)was longer than invasive break-up time(IBUT). 3. A blink rate in dry eye symptom group(10%) was measured lesser than 10 cycle/min, in non-dry eye symptom group(14.9%). 4. In shirmer test there were lesser than 10mm/5min in dry eye symptom group(67.5%), in non-dry eye symptom group(39%). 5. Cornea and conjunctival staining by rose bengal represented Mild 25%, medium 36.25%, extreme 38.75% in dry eye symptom group. Non-dry eye symptom group was showed Mild 19.51%, medium 14.63%, extreme 12.19%. 6. These results showed that the patient showed dry eye symptom in 3 items of eye examination was 22.5%, 4 items 25%, 5 items 30%, 6 items 15%.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.18 no.2 s.40
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• pp.15-27
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• 2006

The purpose of this research was to develop and analyze the effects of ICT based teaching learning process plans for 'Designing My Home' unit of Technology Home Economics subject in High School. The seven housing contents were selected from 8 textbooks and 8 teaching resources at the analyses stage. A specific homepage(ieduhome.cafe.com) was built to utilize the eight ICT teaching learning process plan as well as many other resources at the planning & development stages. The number of 68 highschool students have participated for the application stage during September 4-26, 2003 and the same number have studied the same contents through regular teaching learning plans as a comparison group. Experimental groups have significantly more increased in the knowledge and understanding of the housing contents than have comparison groups. The same results occurred in the interests in Home Economics, Housing, and Internet utilized study. The Design reports were not statistically differed between two groups based on the objective evaluation criteria. The results of this study generally supported previous research and showed that the In teaching learning plans were more effective in various aspects than were the regular plans.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.131-154
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to verify the financial validity of dredging the port of Busan with the change of global port logistics circumstances. In order to do so, NPV, IRR, B/C ratio, DPP techniques are adopted. The whole dredging at Northern port area is supposed to be negative at the depth of 16m water. Based upon its financial validity, however, the priority is Shinsundae (option 1) followed by Shinsundae (option 1) and Gamman (option 1), Shinsundae (option 1) and Gamman (option 2), Shinsundae (option 2) and Gamman (option 2), Shinsundae (option 2) and Gamman (option 2) and ShinGamman in sequence. In addition to this, Busan New port is considered to be the positive financial validity at the dredging of 16m water depth. This is because the ultra containerships of over 8,000TEU are trying to call at the port and Hanjin shipping and Hyundai Merchant shipping companies which are now the most significant customers in Northern port are scheduled to divert it.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.601-607
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• 1997

This study was designed to investigate the biochemical pollutant marker for diagnosis of marine pollutions by the changes in lipid components of the flounder (Pleuronichthys cornutus) in the Yellow Sea of Korea. Hemoglobin levels in serum of wild flounders in the yellow Sea were significantly lower $(15\~30\%)$ than those of wild flounder in Pohang (control) of the East Sea. Triglyceride (TG) contents in serum of wild flounders in the Yellow Sea were higher $(15\~50\%)$ than those of wild flounder in Pohang. Total and low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol contents in serum of flounders in the Yellow Sea were significantly higher $(20\~25\%\;and\;15\~35\%,\;respectively)$ than those of wild flounder in Pohang. Atherogenic index (Al) in serum of wild flounders in the Yellow Sea were significantly higher $(10\~60\%)$ than these of wild flounder in Pohang but T-Chol/PL ratios showed almost no change in serum of flounders in the Yellow Sea we examined. These results suggest that near-coastal water as well as neritic water of the Yellow Sea might be affected by pollutant input.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.119-125
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• 1996

From 1995. 3. 20 to 1995. 4. 10 refractive errors were surveyed on the 1,197 middle and high school pupils in Dong-Du-Cuon area. On the basis of the power of the old glasses or newly examined power, we surveyed the distribution of the refractive errors according to their types, ages, heights, weights and differences between both eyes. Among 2,394 eyes examined, 1,125eyes(47%) were emmetropia, 967 eyes(40.4%) were myopic, and 302eyes(12.6%) were hyperopic. As to the distribution of refractive errors, simple myopia(42.9%) was most common, and mixed astigmatism and compound hyperopic astigmatism were below 1%, Among the types of astigmatism, 62% were with the rule, 23% were against the rule and 15% were oblique, Differences between both eyes, the left eye showed more myopic than those of right eye. The distribution of myopia according to their ages, 27.7 at age 11, 38.5% at age 12, 35.5% at age 41.5% at age 14, 37.7% at age 15, 48.3% at age 16 and 46.8% at age 17., there was a significant increase in the prevalence of the myopia but that or hyperopia decreases with increases of age.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.55-69
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• 2011

This study aims at developing and evaluating the cohousing teaching/learning plan for middle and high school. The plan was developed into 5 stages such as data collection and analysis, design, development, implement, and evaluation_ It was composed of 3 lessons with various teaching materials; the concept and necessity of cohousing, spatial composition, and making a cohousing village as the main theme. The 3 home economics teachers carried out the plan for 28 classrooms (1125 students) in 2 middle and I high school, during 23th, Aug., to 17th, Sep. 2010 in Kyunggido. The high level of understanding, learning processes, interest, satisfaction with the class reported by the students showed that the plan might be adequate to both high and middle school students. The teachers carried the lessons reported the similar positive responses to the plan with some suggestions to increase teaching hours, prepare class appliances, and prepractice the teaching materials.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.243-251
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• 2007

Purpose : This study was conducted to assess the surgical outcomes of limbal lensectomy with or without anterior vitrectomy for the management of lens subluxation. Materials and Methods : The medical records of 20 consecutive patients (33 eyes) with lens subluxation who had undergone limbal lensectomy with or without anterior vitrectomy from February 1999 to January 2004 were retrospectively reviewed. Results : All the patients, except one high axial myopic patient, were implanted with scleral sutured posterior chamber intraocular lens. We evaluated the preoperative, postoperative visual acuity and postoperative complications and compared the results in group I (limbal lensectomy with anterior vitrectomy, 27 eyes) to those in group II (limbal lensectomy without anterior vitrectomy, 6 eyes). The preoperative best-corrected visual acuity was 0.21 and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity was improved by 2 lines or more in all 27 eyes in group I, and in 5 eyes in group II (p>0.05). The most frequent postoperative complication was intraocular lens dislocation in four eyes (14.8%) in group I alone. No retinal detachment occurred in either group, even in patients with high myopia. Conclusion : Limbal lensectomy without anterior vitrectomy improved visual acuity similarly to limbal lensectomy with anterior vitrectomy without significant increase of postoperative complications. This results of this study suggest that anterior vitrectomy is not necessarily required for the management of lens subluxation.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.485-489
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• 2015

Purpose: The kappa angles of human eye were measured by photographs. The relationship between the dominant eye and far refractivity is studied. Methods: 112 adults participated in this study. The mean age was $22.54{\pm}5.90$ years. The kappa angles were measured by the deviation of the flash image in the photographs of eye. the dominant eye and the far refractivity were analyzed. Results: The distributions of kappa angles were 78.6% (176 eyes) in the positive angle, 15.2% (34 eyes) in the negative angle, and 6.2% (14 eyes) in the $0^{\circ}$. The kappa angles were $4.50{\pm}4.70^{\circ}$ for the dominant eye, $4.93{\pm}4.34^{\circ}$ for the non-dominant eye, $+6.00{\pm}2.22^{\circ}$ for the hypermetropia, $4.91{\pm}4.97^{\circ}$ for the emmetropia, and $+4.61{\pm}4.49^{\circ}$ for the myopia. The biggest kappa angles was odserved in the hypermetropia and the angles was getting smaller in the emmetropia, and the myopia. Conclusions: The kappa angle of the dominant eye was smaller than non-dominant eye. The kappa angle was smaller as the far refractivity is lower. The kappa angle can be directly measured by the photographic method.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.593-593
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• 2012

본 연구는 화력 및 원자력 발전소로 취입된 냉각수(circulating and essential service water)가 복수기로부터 온배수 형태의 개수로 흐름으로 표층배수 될 경우 수온을 저감시키기 위해 주입하는 희석수(by-pass cooling water)와의 혼합효과의 효율성을 증대시키고, 불리한 수리현상을 야기하지 않으며, 경제적인 배수로 구조물을 고찰하기 위한 목적으로 시도되었다. 배수로 구조물 내 온배수와 희석수가 혼합되는 구간을 혼합지(mixing basin)라 하는데, 본 과업에서는 ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$발전소의 배수로 구간 중 혼합지를 대상으로 FLOW-3D$^{(R)}$를 이용한 3차원 수치모형을 구축하고, 총 9개에 해당하는 각 대안별 현상을 분석하고 비교하였다. 각 대안들의 차이점은 배수로에 설치되는 보조구조물들의 형상과 배열 등이며, 복수기로부터 나오는 배출수의 수온은 $42^{\circ}C$, 희석수는 $35^{\circ}C$이고, 본 과업의 주요 관심대상 물리량은 유속과 온도이다. 배수로에 아무런 보조 구조물이 없는 형태인 기본 계획안을 검토한 결과, 평균 $3.31^{\circ}C$의 수온강하가 이루어졌으나, 우안 쪽으로 강한 흐름이 발생하여 수온의 좌우편차가 $4.61^{\circ}C$ 가량 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 기본 계획안의 검토결과를 보완하기 위한 대안으로 연직 흐름의 소산을 위해 고안된 잠형 소파블록(baffle block) 설치안은 평균 $3.06^{\circ}C$의 수온강하가 이루어지고 $4.44^{\circ}C$의 수온 좌우편차가 발생했다. 지그재그(zigzag) 형태의 흐름을 만들어 혼합효과를 올리기 위한 미로형 수제(labyrinth groin) 설치안은 평균 $5.33^{\circ}C$의 수온강하가 이루어지고, $1.43^{\circ}C$의 수온 좌우편차를 보여줘 검토했던 대안들 중 가장 좋은 결과를 보여주었다. V자 배열 소파블럭(deformed block) 설치안은 연직 및 수평방향의 소산을 기대했으나 평균 $3.00^{\circ}C$의 수온 강하와 $4.41^{\circ}C$의 수온 좌우편차를 나타냈다. 벤츄리(Venturi) 형태의 흐름을 발생시키기 위한 병목형(bottleneck) 수로안은 평균 $3.18^{\circ}C$의 수온강하와 $3.94^{\circ}C$의 수온 좌우편차, 흐름의 소산과 흐름방향을 변화시키기 위한 와형 수제(swirl groin) 설치안은 평균 $2.24^{\circ}C$의 수온강하와 $1.48^{\circ}C$의 수온좌우편차, 우안 흐름을 지연시키기 위한 물방석(water cushion) 수로안은 평균 $3.03^{\circ}C$의 수온강하와 $4.50^{\circ}C$의 수온 좌우편차, 우안의 흐름을 좌안으로 보내기 위한 분사형(injector) 수로안은 평균 $3.13^{\circ}C$의 수온강하와 $4.45^{\circ}C$의 수온 좌우편차, 우안의 흐름을 막기 위한 외팔형 수제(cantilever groin) 설치안은 평균 $3.11^{\circ}C$의 수온강하와 $3.02^{\circ}C$의 수온 좌우편차가 발생하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.73-90
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• 1997

The warrants to install traffic signals used in U.S.A. are well specified comparing to those in other countries. Among the eleven warrants of the U.S.A., the Warrant 9, 10, and 11 are especially fit in practice. The warrant relaxed to traffic volumes used presently in Korea have been adopted from the U.S.A. Those may not have been reliable in the traffic situation of Korea. The rules required passing through intersections are not kept well at intersections controlled without signals. The purposes of this study are to test and evaluate the reliability of the Warrant 9 and 11 adopted form U.S.A.n Korean traffic situation and to propose new traffic signal warrants related to traffic volumes fitted in here. The traffic volume warrants are proposed considering the situation of rules not being kept well(current situation) and that of vice versa(ideal situation). The results of this study are following; 1) The total volumes warranted to traffic signals are 1600vph, 1700vph, and 1800vph at 4-legs intersection having 1 by 1 lane, 1 by 2 lanes, and 2 by 2 lanes respectively. The total volumes warranted are 1400vph and 1600vph at 3-legs intersection haying 1 by 2 1anes, and 2 by 2 lanes respectively. 2) Another traffic warrants proposed are transformed from the currant warrants 9 and 11. These warrants are composed of the total volumes and the ratio of the volume of the minor street to that of the major street.