• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.38 no.2
• /
• pp.142-145
• /
• 2009

The cytotoxic activity against human cancer cells and anti-tumor effect in Balb/c mice of a 70% ethanol extract from masou salmon (MSE) was investigated. The cancer cell lines including human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), human lung carcinoma (A549), human hepatoblastoma (HepG2), human gastric carcinoma (AGS), human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa) and transformed primary human embryonal kidney (293) exposed to MSE decreased cell viability as indicated by the MTT assay. The MSE shows significant cytotoxicity on MCF-7, A549, HepG2, AGS and HeLa cells, and are more active than 293 cells. The treatment with 1 mg/mL MSE resulted in 9.2%, 12.7%, 16.6%, and 16.9% cell survival against A549, MCF-7, HepG2, and AGS cells, respectively. Moreover, anticancer effect in vivo of MSE was tested in the animal system using Balb/c mice transplanted sarcoma-180 cells. MSE showed inhibition of tumor growth and the rate of inhibition was 44.7% and 55.7% at the 25 mg/kg body weight and 250 mg/kg body weight, respectively. Thus, we suggest that MSE could be a beneficial material for human cancer prevention.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.52 no.1
• /
• pp.119-123
• /
• 2009

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) arising from epithelial cells of the renal tubules is a highly aggressive and malignant tumor in all ages; however, it rarely occurs in children. the standard treatment for RCC is radical nephrectomy with lymph node dissection when the tumor is localized and can be completely resected. Adjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy are used for pediatric patients with advanced RCC involving lymph nodes or metastatic lesions. Sorafenib is an oral, multikinase inhibitor that has recently been approved for use in metastatic RCC. Common toxicities that have been reported include dermatologic changes such as rash or desquamation and hand-foot skin reaction, diarrhea, fatigue, alopecia, and hypertension. In particular, hand-foot syndrome (HFS) an erythematous skin lesion of the palms and solesis most often caused by cytostatic chemotherapeutic agents. In this report, we have studied a 14-year-old female patient with hand-foot syndrome that occurred in association with sorafenib for the treatment of metastatic RCC. Furthermore, this case demonstrates that reversal of complications can be achieved by discontinuing the drug and intervention with topical steroids, vitamin E, and high-dose pyridoxine.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.247-250
• /
• 2015

A 10-year-old spayed female Pomeranian dog weighing 3.65 kg was presented with a 7-month history of urinary incontinence, stranguria and hematuria. The patient had mass lesions at left prescapular region ($3cm{\times}3cm$) and left axillary region ($5cm{\times}4cm$). Diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) with multiple cutaneous metastasis was made. Dog was treated with chemotherapy using mitoxantrone and piroxicam for 5 months. Although TCC size of urinary bladder was decreased during chemotherapy, there was no change of subcutaneous tumor size and mild relief of clinical signs. Partial anorexia for 3 weeks and multiple masses were noted at left caudal abdominal wall and left medial thigh (203 days after first presentation) and assessed as chronic kidney disease and additional subcutaneous metastasis of urinary bladder TCC by post-mortem and histopathological findings.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.149-156
• /
• 1989

Multicellular tumor spheroids of HeLa cells have been grown in a static culture system. Samples of spheroids were exposed for 2 h to graded concentration of cis-platinum and its analogue, carboplatin, and then response assayed by survival of clonogenic cells. The purpose of present experiment is to clarify the effectiveness of these platinum compounds and to evaluate intrinsic radiosensitivity of cells using spheroids of HeLa cells as an experimental in vitro model. Variations of the drug sensitivity of monolayers as well as spheroids were also evaluated in cell-survival curves. In cis-platinum concentration-survival curve, there was a large shoulder extending as far as $Cq=3.4{\mu}M$, after which there was exponential decrease in survival curve having a Co Value of $1.2{\mu}M$ in spheroids. While the Co for the spheroids was essentially no significant change, but Cq value was larger than that of monolayers. This suggest that the effect of cis-platinum is greater En the monolayer with actively proliferaing cells than hypoxic one. In the carboplatin concentration-survival curves, the Co value of spheroids was $15.0{\mu}M$ and the ratio with the Co from monolayer cell $(32.5{\mu}M)$ was 0.40, thus indicating that the spheroids had a greater sensitivity to carboplatin than monolayers. Therefore, the effect of carboplatin is mainly on the deeper layers of spheroids acting as hypoxic cell sensitizer. The enhanced effect was obtained for monolayer cells using combined X-ray and carboplatin treatment 2 hours before irradiation. The result shown in isobologram analysis for the level of surviving fraction at 0.01 indicated that the effect of two agents was trusty supra-additive. From this experimental data, carboplatin has excited much recent interest as one of the most promising, since it is almost without nephrotoxicity and causes less gastrointestinal toxicity than cis-platinum. Interaction between carboplatin and radiation might play an important role for more effective local tumor control.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.331-339
• /
• 2014

To test feasibility of proton arc therapy (PAT) in the treatment of para-aortic lymph node tumor and compare its dosimetric properties with advanced radiotherapy techniques such as intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and conventional 3D conformal proton beam therapy (PBT). The treatment plans for para-aortic lymph node tumor were planned for 9 patients treated at our institution using IMRT, PBT, and PAT. Feasibility test and dosimetric evaluation were based on comparisons of dose volume histograms (DVHs) which reveal mean dose, $D_{30%}$, $D_{60%}$, $D_{90%}$, $V_{30%}$, $V_{60%}$, $V_{90%}$, organ equivalent doses (OEDs), normal tissue complication probability (NTCP), homogeneity index (HI) and conformity index (CI). The average doses delivered by PAT to the liver, kidney, small bowel, duodenum, stomach were 7.6%, 3%, 17.3%, 26.7%, and 14.4%, of the prescription dose (PD), respectively, which is higher than the doses delivered by IMRT (0.4%, 7.2%, 14.2%, 15.9%, and 12.8%, respectively) and PBT (4.9%, 0.5%, 14.12%, 16.1% 9.9%, respectively). The average homogeneity index and conformity index of tumor using PAT were 12.1 and 1.21, respectively which were much better than IMRT (21.5 and 1.47, respectively) and comparable to PBT (13.1 and 1.23, respectively). The result shows that both NTCP and OED of PAT are generally lower than IMRT and PBT. This study demonstrates that PAT is better in target conformity and homogeneity than IMRT and PBT but worse than IMRT and PBT for most of dosimetric factor which indicate that PAT is not recommended for the treatment of para-aortic lymph node tumor.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
• /
• 1982.05a
• /
• pp.17.1-17
• /
• 1982

In 1965, Rosenberg reported that platinum compounds not only inhibit growth and cell division of E. coli but also has anti-tumor activity. Since then, through animal and clinical experiments by Welsch(1971), Speer(1972), Rossof(1972), Hill(1974), and Wittes(1975), it was proved that Cis-platinum has excellent supressive effects on malignant tumor, especially on head and neck cancer. Accordingly, Cis-platinum is now widely used, sometimes without any other durg, or sometimes with Bleomycin and Methotrexate etc. Inspite of the strong anticancer effect, the use of Cis-platinum is quite often discouraged because of the reports that Cis-platinum causes auditory impairment at high frequencies above the speech range due to inner ear damage and irreversible change in the renal tubules. Since Kohonen et al(1965), Standnicki et al(1974) reported that Cisplatinum has toxic effects at the basal turn of the cochlea using guinea pig, many studies on ototoxicity after infusion of Cis-platinum have been carried out using animals. But the studies on ototoxicity in human beings can hardly be found except in reports by Piel et al(1974) and Hong et al (1979). So the authors did a study which tried to clarify the ototoxic effect by comparing the hearing level after infusion of Cis-plastinum with the hearing level before infusion of Cis-plastinum in 30 patients who was treated with Cis-platinum and admitted to the dept. of otolaryngology of Yonsei University Hospital during 2 years and a half from July. 1979 to March. 1982 and the following results were obtained. 1) The results of auditory evaluation, using the pure tone average, hearing loss of 4kHz and 8kHz, Speech Reception Threshold, PB score, SISI showed that the difference of dosage does not change the hearing level after infusion of Cis-platinum and before infusion of Cis-platinum. 2) Cis-platinum had no effect on the hearing level of patients with conductive hearing loss, or with sensorineural hearing loss, as well as with normal hearing level. 3) The infusion of Cis-platinum did not cause any change in creatinine clearance, creatinine, uric acid, but only one case showed that Cis-platinum caused severe nephrotoxicity. 4) The infusion of Cis-plastinum did not cause any change in hemoglobin, leukocyte count, platelet count and there was no correlation with the amount of infusion. 5) To see the side effect of hydration practiced with the infusion of Cis-platinum, the electrolytes, particularly the K level in the serum was measured. But the results did not show any change. 6) Judging from the results of this study mentioned above, ototoxicity caused by infusion of Cis-platinum can be prevented by sufficient hydration. Also the results might say that the appropriate method of infusion of Cis-platinum might be effective in the patients with head and neck cancer who had sensorineural hearing loss for whom the infusion of Cis-platinum has been absolutely cotraindicated.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.207-213
• /
• 1997

Purpose : Intracranial germinoma is the most radiocurable tumor of theprimary intracranial neoplasm. But, the optimum radiation dose and target volume remain controversial In this retrospective study, we analysed the spreading pattern at presentation and the pattern of the failure and survival of intracranial germinoma, Materials and Methods : From 1989 to 1996, 23 Patients were treated for intracranial germinoma at Department of Radiation Oncology, Twenty-one Patients were treated at their initial Presentation and 2 Patients were treated for recurrent disease. Six patients had multiple tumor masses on MRI and 7patients had ventricular seeding on MRI. The examination of cerebrospinal fluid cytology was done in 15 patients and 3 out of 15 patients had positive cerebrospinal cytology. In tumor marker study of $\alpha-FP\;and\;\beta-hCG$, 6 patients had mildly elevated $\beta-hCG$ in serum or cerebrospinal fluid. Twentyone Patients were treated with whole craniospinal axis irradiation and 2 Patients were given whole ventricular radiation therapy. The total dose was ranged between 4500cGy and 5600cGy to primary tumor site (median 5580cGy) Dose to the entire ventricular system ranged from 1980cGy to 3960 cGy (median 2700cGy) and dose to the spinal axis ranged from 2160cGy to 3900cGy (median 2700cGy) Results : Of 23 patients, 21 Patients are alive without evidence of diseasefor median 4 years follow-up. One Patient who had markedly elevated $\alpha-FP\;and\;\beta-hCG$, suffered from Persistent disease after radiation therapy and received 2 cycles of chemotherapy. She died 9 months after chemotherapy One patient who developed ventricular seeding after gamma-knife was treated with whole craniospinal irradiation, he died after 1 year due to probably brain necrosis. The hematologic toxicity of 3 or 4 grade were seen in 7 patients and patient's endocrinologic dysfunction was not deteriorated after radiation therapy. One patient had been treated with growth hormone replacement due to short stature. Conclusions : This retrospective study has confirmed the excellent result of radiation therapy in intracranial germinoma. The complication rate during or after radiation therapy is considered within acceptable range. ft is necessary to further investigate the optimal dose and treatment volume of radiation therapy. The role of chemotherapy in the treatment of intracranial germinoma should be further investigated.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.69-74
• /
• 1996

Malignant rhabdold tumor is a distinct renal tumor in the pediatric age group. It was originally described as a rhabdomyosarcomatold variant of Wilms' tumor. However, subsequent studies fatted to confirm myogenous differentiation, so it is now considered to be a distinct and unique type of highly malignant tumor, histogenetically unrelated. Although extrarenal forms of this tumor are rare, several examples have been described in other sites, especially the liver, prostate, paravertebral area, urinary bladder and soft tissue. We experienced a case of malignant rhabdiod tumor located in the intraabdominal cavity in a 10 month-old boy. Smear of peritoneal fluid showed round, polygonal and irregular shaped cells with large nuclei, ample cytoplasm containing light pink to purple cytoplasmic inclusions, and one or a few prominent nucleoli. Immunocytochemistry revealed positivity to cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen and vimentin, and negativity to desmin and neuron-specific enolase. These distinct cytologic appearance and immunophenotypes were most consistent with a diagnosis of extrarenal malignant rhabdoid tumor. The cytoplasmic inclusions were correlated with eosinophilic inclusions seen in histologic section and electron microscopy confirmed this interpretation, showing filamentous aggregations in the cytoplasms of the tumor cells.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.41-46
• /
• 2013

We represent a pathologically proven case of a four-year-old male patient with renal cell carcinoma associated with Xp11.2 translocation/TFE3 gene fusion, which is rare but more frequent in children or young adults. Computed tomography showed about 2.5 cm size ill-defined mass in the right kidney. The mass was hyperechoic on ultrasound. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a mass with capsular enhancement and diffusion restriction. We present a case of Xp11.2 renal cell carcinoma and provide review of the literature.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.109-114
• /
• 1996

Plasmacytoma is one of the malignant neoplasm that originate in immunoglobulin-producing plasma cell, and occurrence in gingiva is known to be rare. About 7% of all patients with plasma cell malignancies present with solitary lesions in bone or soft tissues. In 30% to 40% of patients, the disease progresses to mulitiple myeloma on long-term follow-up. the incidence of progression to multiple myeloma is higher in patients with a bone lesion as compared with an extramedullary lesion. Several studies have shown a relatively favorable course for both these groups of patients, but many long-term studies have demonstrated the distinct difference in ultimate prognosis between patients with solitary lesions in bone and those with extramedullary lesions. The primary objective in the past has been to suppress the immune system to permit allotransplantation. But immunosuppressant also increases the incidence of malignant neoplasms in patients after allograft transplantation. We treated a 15-year patient with plasmacytoma on gingiva who had received kindny transplantation & immunosuppressant therapy. We excised this lesion & performed radiotherapy and had a favorable result.