• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.25-39
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• 2018

In the period of great change in human society, a change in educational services is also necessary. Thus, the current research investigates a new model of educational services to prepare people to be successful in an era of service and the fourth industrial revolution. We analyzed all the educational service models from the first educational institution, The Academy, founded by Plato to one of the most innovative institutions, Minerva schools. Then, we designed both an educational institution model and an educational service model that will cultivate and educate prospective students to be multidimensional to fit to the new upcoming eras. Since the era of service in the 21st century is also the era of job creation, we designed models focused on developing the broad knowledge and practical skills need to solve the most complex issues of our time. A new model was designed based on the results of the survey of existing major programs, analysis of the demands of the new generation, competency requirements, and etc. The newly designed conceptual model was improved from study focusing on tools to study that focuses on intrinsic discipline and competence, nurturing dream and imagination. In order to realize the new educational service, we developed technical conditions and a methodology for improving educational service performance. In the future, it is necessary to deepen the study and carry out research on implementing new educational service. In addition, an empirical study of the performance of the new model will also be needed.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.274-282
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• 2002

Purpose : Measurement of transmission dose is useful for in vivo dosimetry. In this study, the algorithm for estimating the transmission dose for open radiation fields was modified for application to partially blocked radiation fields. Materials and Methods : The beam data was measured with a flat solid phantom with various blocked fields. A new correction algorithm for partially blocked radiation field was developed from the measured data. This algorithm was tested in some settings simulating clinical treatment with an irregular field shape. Results : The correction algorithm for the beam block could accurately reflect the effect of the beam block, with an error within ${\pm}1.0\%$, with both square fields and irregularly shaped fields. Conclusion : This algorithm can accurately estimate the transmission dose in most radiation treatment settings, including irregularly shaped field.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.7-13
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• 2019

This study aims to develop a FE Model to simulate dissimilar friction stir welding and to address its potential for fundamental analysis and practical applications. The FE model is based on Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian approach. Multiphysics systems are calculated using explicit time integration algorithm, and heat generations by friction and inelastic heat conversion as well as heat transfer through the bottom surface are included. Using the developed model, friction stir welding between an Al6061T6 plate and an AZ61 plate were simulated. Three simulations are carried out varying the welding parameters. The model is capable of predicting the temperature and plastic strain fields and the distribution of void. The simulation results showed that temperature was generally greater in Mg plates and that, as a rotation speed increase, not the maximum temperature of Mg plate increased, but did the temperature of Al plate. In addition, the model could predict flash defects, however, the prediction of void near the welding tool was not satisfactory. Since the model includes the complex physics closely occurring during FSW, the model possibly analyze a lot of phenomena hard to discovered by experiments. However, practical applications may be limited due to huge simulation time.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.51-62
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• 2018

This study examines several evolutionary and alternative aspects of the system of existing education and suggests a more specific approach to the development of recent education that has evolved to the recent service economy era and a new approach to the human capacity of the World Economic Forum (WEF). We propose a stage of education system. We will change the meaning and choice of the job according to the rapid development of the 4th Industrial Revolution. Future occupational education also needs to be changed according to the expectation that job movement will happen frequently. The new education requires a model to prepare for the phenomenon of various convergence as technology collapses with the existing culture. And a higher-level educational philosophy is needed for human competence and the environment to actually connect industrial and social issues. The purpose of this study is to show the necessity of introduction of New Service Learning as a new system of education for super mobility. New Service Learning can be divided into five concepts: Innovation, Modernity, Sustainability, Humanity, and Technology. In future research, it is necessary to complement the research by empirically analyzing the concept of New Service Learning.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.74
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• pp.189-208
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• 2023

Spiritual direction is not a product created and developed by an individual, but a historical product that includes the church, believers, society, and the contexts of the times. Among the social changes related to spiritual direction, this study pays attention to monasticism and the Reformation. Focusing on these two social changes, this study analyzes the social dimension of spiritual direction indicated by the occurrence and change of spiritual direction and discusses its meaning. Around the time Christianity was officially recognized by the Roman Empire, monasticism began its long history, and Athanasius spread his ideal of monastic life and at the same time pursued the unity of the church and the monastic movement. Through this process, spiritual disciplines and educational models interacted and changed. During the Reformation period, Protestantism began to form new spiritual education and training. The Catholic Church pursued renewal through new concepts and practices of spiritual direction. Spiritual direction is being formed and recognized as a means of helping the spiritual life of individual Christians. The origin and change of spiritual direction mean that spiritual direction can be understood and applied differently reflecting the contexts and situations due to social interaction. Also, it should not be overlooked that spiritual direction can act as a cause of integration or division of the Korean Protestant churches.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.1D
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• pp.1-10
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• 2008

Recently, the Seoul Metropolitan Government (SMG) has initiated several urban redevelopment projects to revitalize the downtown well equipped for transit oriented development (TOD). Since, TOD should incur higher density development in our context, it has negative impacts on travel patterns, congestion, and urban environmental quality. The purpose of this study is to develop new transportation service index which can facilitate higher density TOD. This study includes relevant foreign case studies, the development of multimodal transportation index, and the impact analysis of TOD when it is applied in the downtown Seoul. In chapter III, it developed a so-called ITLOS, new multimodal transportation service index which shows the possibility of accommodating further development by integrating roadway service index with public transportation service index. The study sets ten policy scenarios by varying densities, and run the Seoul Congestion Management Model (SECOMM) to estimate the sustainable transportation impacts of TOD in the downtown. Travel speed index that only represents the availability of road capacity for development reveal that higher density development in the downtown can deteriorate traffic congestion while improving region-wide transportation level of service in Seoul. Also, it is proved that higher density development is more feasible when using ITLOS as the index because it considers not only available road capacity but subway capacity in the analysis area.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.5D
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• pp.477-483
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• 2010

The existing mass transport system, with its limited capacity and the saturated road networks, has given cause for a new means of transport to be developed, and strong demands for such new means of transport are observed more than ever. However, the traffic authority is seeking a new transport system that focuses more on LRT(Light Rail Transit), a downsized version of the existing urban railroad, rather than one that is appropriate to solve the traffic problems. Moreover, local governments are experiencing difficulties in planning their own mass transportation(bus or urban railroad) as they have no specified criteria for selecting a mass transport system. Accordingly, there has been an increasingly loud voice that calls for criteria to determine which mass transport system befits each transportation corridor. This paper develops a mass-transport demand forecasting model based on the GIS Buffering analysis of each transportation corridor in the city, sets up the capacity for each mass transport system and presents the criteria for selecting an optimal mass transport system for each transportation corridor. It also presents a methodology that identifies necessary and sufficient conditions for selection and evaluation, since it is most important to select the optimal mass-transport system that can meet the demand by each mass-transportation corridor.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.137-163
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to compare rational process of active ageing and productive aging based on the theory of planned behavior. The effect of post-retirement may be influenced by attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control for old aged workers, then we tested the effect of mediating role of post-retirement preparation on active ageing and productive aging. And we conducted additional analyses of mediating role of post-retirement preparation respectively. Conducting a survey research to 192 employed old aged workers, the data was analyzed by Structural Equation Modeling. The result of this study found the positive effects of attitude and perceived behavioral control on active ageing through post-retirement preparation. There were negative effect of subjective norms and positive effect of perceived behavioral control on productive aging through post-retirement preparation. According to additional analyses, the mediating effect of social post-retirement preparation was significant on active ageing, and the mediating effect of emotional and social post-retirement preparation was significant on productive aging. Suggestions for future research and practical implications were provided based on the findings.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.46
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• pp.33-68
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• 2023

Simwudo (尋牛圖), known as Ox Seeking Pictures, originated in the 11th-12th century and have consistently played a guiding role in the teachings of various religions in East Asia. Some Korean religions that emerged during modern times conveyed their teachings through depictions of ox seeking or herding. Among them, Daesoon Jinrihoe stands out as a representative religion. The belief system of this particular religion elucidates its distinct doctrine and worldview by reimagining Simwudo, into a new set of six panels (seven or nine panels in some variations). The Simwudo of Daesoon Jinrihoe differs from that of Buddhism, particularly in its treatment of meditation (禪), both in terms of context and significance. While they share similarities in the aspect of ox-seeking, the Buddhist Simwudo symbolizes human nature, whereas the Simwudo of Daesoon Jinrihoe represents the great Dao of Heaven and Earth propagated by Kang Jeungsan and brought into completion by Jo Jeongsan. In the Buddhist context, the subject of the search is the Ox, signifying the restoration of a deluded human's pure nature in order to achieve personal salvation and in some version of Simwudo, reenter society to perform salvific actions for others. On the other hand, in the Simwudo of Daesoon Jinrihoe depicts the process of a human attaining immortality and following the teachings of Jeungsan and Jeongsan. This culminates in the final image which is the redemption of the world. The final phase of the Buddhist Simwudo, depending on the version, is either enlightenment (personal salvation) or reentering society to perform salvific actions (as a bodhisattva), whereas the Simwudo of Daesoon Jinrihoe show the simultaneous achievement of the perfection of humanity and the redemption of the world. This distinction highlights the fundamental differences between the Simwudo of these two distinctly different religious traditions. These differences arise from the contrasting purposes pursued by Buddhism and Daesoon Jinrihoe.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.124-140
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• 2023

The rapid growth in shared E-scooters worldwide has led to many studies on the topic. The results of these studies are still in the early stages, and the main factors affecting trips are being identified. In particular, the development of trip-generation models is very important for transportation planning, and a new transportation mode for developing the models for shared E-scooters is lacking both domestically and internationally. This study aims to develop a trip generation model for shared E-scooters using significant variables by thoroughly reviewing previous studies. The trip characteristics of major service areas and other areas may differ owing to the trip characteristics of the mode. The trip generation models were developed based on the service trip density by dividing the areas by service level. The factors affecting shared E-scooter trips in major service areas included the presence of universities, closeness centrality, and cultural areas, while factors affecting the trips in minor service areas included the presence of universities, betweenness centrality, and trip distance. The developed models provide basic information that can be used to establish transport policies for introducing shared E-scooters in cities in the future.