• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2020.08a
• /
• pp.40-40
• /
• 2020

들깨(Perilla frutescens L.)는 꿀풀과 1년생 초본으로 한국, 중국 등의 동부 아시아가 원산지로 식용, 약용 및 공업용 등 다양한 용도로 이용되고 있다 들깨는 우리나라에서 오랜시간 재배해 왔으나 체계적인 연구기간이 짧아, 다른 유료작물에 비해 육성품종이 적고 유전자원의 체계적인 수집평가가 이루어지지 않았다. 특히 외국에서는 들깨와 근연종을 이용하여 색소 및 정유성분에 대한 연구를 하는데 비해 우리나라에서는 주로 식용으로만 연구가 진행되고 있다. 들깨 육종에 있어서 중요한 것은 유전자원 확보와 이를 정리 보존하여 우량한 육종재료를 효율적으로 이용하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 국내에서 수집한 들깨 44자원의 형태적 특성을 조사하여 품종 육성을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 본 연구에 사용된 들깨 자원은 경북 수집 10자원으로 가장 많았으며 전북 8자원, 경남 7자원, 강원과 경기에서 각각 6자원, 충남 3자원, 전남과 충북에서 각각 2자원이었다. 화색은 들깨 44자원 모두 흰색이었으며 줄기색은 연녹색이 29자원, 녹색 9자원, 자주색 4자원으로 조사되었다. 잎의 앞면은 녹색 27자원, 연녹색 10자원, 진녹색 7자원이었으며 뒷면색은 녹색 26자원, 연녹색 18자원으로 조사되었다. 잎의 모양은 장타원형 21자원, 피침형 15자원, 심장형 7자원이었으며 잎의 모용은 23자원이 적음, 14자원이 보통, 6자원이 많게 조사되었다. 잎의 길이는 35자원이 15.1cm이상으로 조사되었고 잎넓이는 11.1cm이상인 자원이 37자원으로 조사되었다. 종피색은 갈색이 28자원, 회색이 6자원, 암갈색이 3자원 순으로 조사되었다. 본 실험에서 조사된 들깨 유전자원의 형태적 특성은 들깨 선발에 있어 기초 정보로 활용 가능할 것이며 추가적으로 농업형질, 기능성 물질 분석등의 들깨 육종 프로그램을 위한 다양한 평가 및 선발이 필요할 것이다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.307-316
• /
• 2008

Transposon-mediated insertional mutagenesis is one of powerful strategy for assessing functions of genes in higher plants. In this report, we have selected highly susceptible and tolerance plant by screening about high salt (3% NaCl) and cold stresses ($4^{\circ}C$) from F2 seeds of 30,000 Ac/Ds insertional mutagenesis lines in rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Dongjin). In order to identify the gene tagging, insertion of Ds element was analyzed by Southern blot and these results revealed that 19 lines were matched genotype of selected lines with phenotype from the first selected 212 lines, and 13 lines have one copy of Ds elements. The Franking Sequence Tags (FSTs) of selected mutant lines showed high similarities with the following known function genes: signal transduction and regulation of gene expression (transpoter, protease family protein and apical meristem family protein), osmotic stress response (heat shock protein, O-methyltransferase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and drought stress induce protein), vesicle trafficking (SYP 5 family protein) and senescence associated protein. The expression pattern of 19 genes were analyzed using RT-PCR under the abiotic stresses of 9 class; 250mM NaCl, osmotic, drought, 3% $H_2O_2$, $100{\mu}M$ ABA, $100{\mu}M$ IAA, 0.1 ppm 2,4-D, $4^{\circ}C$ cold and $38^{\circ}C$ high temperature. Isolated knock-out genes showed the positive response about 250 mM NaCl, drought, $H_2O_2$, PEG, IAA, 2,4-D, ABA treatment and low ($4^{\circ}C$) and high temperature ($38^{\circ}C$). The results from this study indicate that function of selected knock-out genes could be useful in improving of tolerance to abiotic stresses as an important transcriptional activators in rice.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.177-183
• /
• 2008

Ac/Ds mutant lines of this study were transgenic rice plants, each of which harbored the maize transposable element Ds together with a GUS coding sequence under the control of a promoterless(Ds-GUS). We selected the mutants that were GUS expressed lines, because the GUS positive lines will be useful for identifying gene function in rice. One of these mutants was identified knock-out at Oszinc626(NP_001049991) gene, encoding a RING-H2 zinc-finger protein, by Ds insertion. In this mutant, while primary root development is normal, secondary root development from lateral root was very poor and seed development was incomplete compare with normal plant. RING zinc-finger proteins play important roles in the regulation of development in a variety of organisms. In the plant kingdom, a few genes encoding RING zinc-finger proteins have been documented with visible effects on plant growth and development. The consensus of the RING-H2(C3-H2-C3 type) domain for this group of protein is $Cys-X_2-Cys-X_{28}-Cys-X-His-X_2-His-X_2-Cys-X_{14}-Cys-X_2-Cys$. Oszinc626 encodes a predicted protein product of 445 amino acids residues with a molecular mass of 49 kDa, with a RING-zinc-finger motif located at the extreme end of the C-terminus. RT-PCR analysis indicated that the expression of Oszinc626 gene was induced by IAA, cold, dehydration, high-salinity and abscisic acid, but not by 2,4-D, and the transcription of Oszinc626 gene accumulated primarily in rice immature seeds, root meristem and shoots. The gene accumulation patterns were corresponded with GUS expression.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.87-95
• /
• 2009

The recombinant DNAs, pGBF, pGTF, and pZ4F, using soybean ferritin gene have constructed with the promoters derived from seed proteins, glutelin, globulin, and zein. The recombinant ferritin genes were transformed into rice plant by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Iron contents and agronomic traits have been evaluated in the transgenic progenies. The embryogenic calli survived from second selection medium were regenerated at the rates of 19.2% with pGBF, 15.0% with pGTF, and 18.4% with pZ4F in Donganbyeo and 6.7% with pGBF, 11.7% with pGTF, and 3.4% with pZ4F in Hwashinbyeo. The introduction of ferritin gene in putative transgenic rice plants was confirmed by PCR and Southern blot analysis and also the expression of ferritin gene was identified by Northern blot and Western blot analysis. The iron accumulation in transgenic rice grains of the transgenic rice plant, T1-2, with zein promoter and ferritin gene contained 171.4 ppm showing 6.4 times higher than 26.7 ppm of Hwashinbyeo seed as wild type rice, but the transgenic plants with globulin and glutelin showed a bit higher iron contents with a range from 2.1 to 3.0 times compare to wild type grain. The growth responses of transgenic plants showed the large variances in plant height and number of tillers. However, there were some transgenic plants having similar phenotype to wild type plants. In the T1 generation of transgenic plants, plant height, culm length, panicle length, and number of tillers were similar to those of wild type plants, but ripened grain ratio ranged from 53.3% to 82.2% with relatively high variation. The transgenic rice plants would be useful for developing rice varieties with high iron content in rice grains.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2006

This study was conducted to determine chemical compounds and antioxidant in Aruncus dioicus. Further, effects of cultural practices such as the shading conditions on the general compounds, essential oils and antioxidants. The chemical compounds and antioxidant activity of edible extracts on the shading cultivation and harvesting time were measured by crude fiber, pigments, higher fatty acids, essential oils and DPPH free radical scavenging ability and activities of SOD and POD in edible shooting parts of Aruncus dioicus. The contents of crude fiber, total chlorophyll and total carotenoids in extracts of edible shooting by shading cultivation and later harvesting were higher than those of non-shading cultivation and early harvesting. Phenolic compounds such as benzoic acid were identified as the aromatic compounds in the edible extracts of Aruncus dioicus. The contents of azulene, benzaldehyde and linalool among those compounds on the cultivation conditions increased in shading cultivation. $IC_{50}$ values of DPPH free radical scavenging activities were high from 6.644 to $14.499{mu}g/m{\ell}$ in extracts of edible parts and those of edible shooting parts was high such as edible shooting cultivated by 60% shading, 30% shading and non-shading, respectively. The activity of POD and SOD in seeds was lower than that of edible shooting and that by shading cultivation was high in extracts cultivated by non-shading. POD activity of extracts on harvesting time was high in earlier harvesting but SOD activity was low. The numbers of isozyme pattern of POD and SOD in seedling showed 7 bands and 3 bands, respectively, especially, bands of POD and SOD in the first year-growing plant did not show and show a difference according to plant positions, respectively.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.32 no.12
• /
• pp.919-928
• /
• 2022

As seen in the COVID-19 pandemic, unexpected emergence of new viruses presents serious concern on public health. Especially, the absence of effective vaccines or antiviral drugs against emerging viruses significantly increases the severity of disease and duration of viral circulation among population. Natural products have served as a major source for safe and effective antiviral drugs. In this study, we examined the virucidal activity of medical herb extracts with a view to discover novel antiviral agents with desired levels of safety and antiviral efficacy. Ethanol extracts of ten selected medical herbs were tested for antioxidant activity and in-vitro cytotoxicity in various animal cell lines. Of note, the herbal extracts showed broad and potent virucidal activities against rotavirus, hepatitis A virus, and influenza A virus. The extracts of Sorbus commixta and Glycyrrhiza uralensis showed strong virucidal activities against influenza A virus. We also examined whether the extracts of Sorbus commixta and Glycyrrhiza uralensis can be used as inactivating agents to prepare an inactivated viral vaccine. In a mouse model, influenza A virus inactivated by the extracts elicited high levels of neutralizing antibodies, and the vaccination provided complete protection against lethal challenge. These results suggest that herb-derived natural products can be developed to antiviral drugs as well as inactivating agents for preparation of inactivated viral vaccines.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.44 no.1 s.138
• /
• pp.37-41
• /
• 2005

Essential oil of five plants were screened for fumigation toxicity against Blattella germanica male adults. Among them, coriander oil showed $100\%$ fumigation toxicity against B. germanica male adults at 20 and $10{\mu}{\ell}/{\ell}$ (air) dose, respectively. Through the constituent analysis using GC and GC/MS, we confirmed that main constituents of coriander oil were ${\alpha}$-pinene ($6.1\%$), camphene ($1.1\%$), ${\beta}$-pinene ($0.5\%$), ${\beta}$-myrcene ($0.8\%$), limonene ($2.5\%$), ${\gamma}$-terpinene ($4.5\%$), ${\rho}$-cymene ($1.8\%$), ${\alpha}$-terpinolene ($0.5\%$), camphor ($4.9\%$), linalool ($70.5\%$), ${\alpha}$-tepineol ($0.7\%$), geranyl acetate ($2.8\%$) and geraniol ($1.4\%$). Among them, ${\gamma}$-terpinene and geranyl acetate showed $100\%$ fumigation toxicity at $10{\mu}{\ell}/{\ell}$ (air) dose, respectively. It can be concluded that coriander oil is potential control agents against B. germanica.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.42 no.2
• /
• pp.104-110
• /
• 2015

We analyzed the effects of various LED light treatments (red 655 nm, blue 456 nm, white and mixed light) on growth pattern, gene expression and flavonoid contents in lettuce leaf. Plants treated with mixed light (red+blue+white) showed better growth performance than those treated with single LED and fluorescent lamp (FL). Expression analysis of the eight genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis in plants treated with LED light was examined. Results showed that red lettuce grown under mixed light showed high expression levels of LsC4H, LsF3H and LsDRF genes. Morever, the same treatment plants possessed higher content of gallic acid, chlorogenic acid and quercetin contents than those in plants exposed to single light. However, the highest total anthocyanin content was identified in plants treated with red+blue light and the lowest content was identified in plants exposed to white fluorescent lamp and single LED light condition. Thus, this study indicates that the ratio of blue to red LEDs is important for the morphology, growth, and phenolic compounds with anthocyanin properties in the two lettuce cultivars tested.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.490-505
• /
• 2000

Mugwort (Artemisia sp.) abounds on hedgebank, waysides and grassy places in most part of Europe, Asia and Northern America. This herb has long been associated with witch-craft and magic as a protective charm. Mugwort has been a value as a foodstuff of relieving famine. Proximate composition of mugwort is similar to green vegetables, but it has high level in calcium, potassium and vitamin A content. For medicinal uses, the leaves are harvested twice in spring and autumn before the plant comes into flower and are dried for later uses. Aqueous or organic solvents extracts often have physiologically active constituents. Some extracts of mugwort include cineol, thujone, borneol, camphor, caryophyllene, coumarin, cubebene, pinene, linalool, absinthin etc. The dried leaves have traditionally been used as an antihelmintic, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, antitumor, hepatic stimulant, chologogue, emmenagogue, febrifuge, stomachic, tonic etc. Mugwort has been used the dried or green leaves as a flavoring and coloring agents for tea, cake. pastry, bread, noodle, alcoholic liquor, soap and hygienic band.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.41 no.2
• /
• pp.188-199
• /
• 1996

The native ecological environment and aromatic constituents of Korean wild Codonopsis lanceolata and one Japanese strain were investigated to find Codonopsis lanceolata strains showing high aromatics, and to know regional differences among these strains. The results were as follows : There were no remarkable differences among the Korean wild C. lanceolata strains in ecological environments. Recovery yield of essential oils was highest in Togyusan strain with 0.009%. Difference in protein band patterns among these strains was not recognized, and peroxidase and esterase pattern changes were appeared in different collected regions at the leaf and root tissues. Major aromatic constituents were 11 kinds of aliphatic alcohols such as trans-2-hexenal, 1-hexanol, cis-3-hexanol, and trans-2-hexanol. And Togyusan strain, Sobaeksan strain, and Kayasan strain have the highest aliphatic alcohols of plant essential oils. In particular, BHT(butylated hydroxytoluene), one of the antioxidants, was detected in Chirisan strains.