• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.145-152
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• 2009

We are surrounded by so many images these days. These images have their own meanings and have an effect on our subject, whether consciously or unconsciously. Michel Foucault disclosed that upon closer examination the rationalism deeply rooted in Western society was not made autonomously but involuntarily by heteronomous power. Because the emotion of image within this relationship can be effectively conveyed just through its being seen, the image has been used for controlling and mustering people through the adjustment of its meaning by power. With the advance of technology and media of today, the image in this visual power is out of the object for reproduction, and then forms a new paradigm of manipulation, transformation and reproduction and is being changed to the formation of Panopticon power and its corresponding relationship.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• v.143
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• pp.47-65
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• 2017

This paper is an attempt to explain the interpretation of P. Ricoeur on the theory of power of Saint Paul. P. Ricoeur tried to reinterpret Saint Paul's thoughts on the power of a nation, the purpose being to link this theory to salvation through the social system. Ricoeur expands this interpretation of political power to the economy and culture. The basis of these ideas is the 'imago Dei' namely the image of God. I would like to consider the image of God as the key to salvation through social system, politics, economy, and culture.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.69-80
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• 2018

D. J. Haraway's cyber-feminism and Kim Seon Hee's eco-feminism are so different in the perspective of the modern scientific technology. While cyber-feminism thinks the outcome of the modern scientific technology positively, eco-feminism criticizes the totalitarianism and the human negation which the modern scientific technology gives rise to. Cyber-feminism gives us an image of the future female, but exposes an easygoing way of thinking of the modern scientific technology. On the other hand eco-feminism takes notice of the risk, that the modern scientific technology can be abused by the power of the minority, but fails in overcoming of the traditional view of female.

• Archives of design research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.137-146
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• 1998

Historically, with change of life' s environment, The view to see object and person has been changed. So, as the conception that visual design is a help to produce and spread heteronomous view, this study analyse the view character of recent society as follows. A cityscape, fashion, product, prints(paper goods), advertising give a person special view and a person see the object with the view to be infected to capitalistic consumer' s custom. This origin has been started with the view that in the end of 19 c, capitalism has a visible system to build up capital and that in the make-up of modern civil society, the view was activated as the power of system maintenance and it internalized a person heteronomous view as the object of the power. The product esthetics as to make an effective demand in consumer capitalism after 70' s has shaped the way to produce the 'view desire" through the absorption. When the object is changed to 'the show" , opposite the activation of product esthetics make a person the consumer or outlooker with view of voyeurism. As to this study, the reverse ability of "product esthetics view" in the image to be produced to visual design is revealed through investigating the view as the power. So, an autonomous visual expression way and self-discipline criticism are needed.riticism are needed.

• Journal of Public Diplomacy
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.1-26
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• 2022

Since the seminal publication of Joseph Nye's Soft Power, soft power became the central concept to public diplomacy. However, over-emphasis on soft power, which is still controversial, deterred academics from producing valuable knowledge that can be applied to practices in the field. Soft power is a cause and effect at the same time and thus it makes systematic analysis almost implausible because it is not only a tool for successful public diplomacy, but it is a result of successful diplomacy. This study aims at offering a theoretical framework linking soft power and public diplomacy by including various factors that may affect the outcomes of effective public diplomacy. This theoretical framework assessing the effectiveness of public diplomacy will make it possible to explore how and when new public diplomacy was adopted in a certain country and examine hard and soft power resources. The model also includes political system variables such as ideas and values, institutions, governance, leadership, and communication system, which are expected to influence public diplomacy effectiveness rather than soft power itself. The model yields the effectiveness of public diplomacy by assessing outcome and impact relative to input and output that are applicable to practices. The model is expected to enable both quantitative and qualitative studies generating possible propositions from the model with some preliminary outcomes of comparative case studies.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.37-79
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• 2017

The major purpose of this paper is to analyze the evolution of the presidential system in South Korea during the past three decades ever since the country's democratization in 1987 from the comparative institutional perspective. As imperial presidentialism during the so-called three Kim's era(1987-2003) disappeared right after the political retirement of the three Kims in 2003, then president-centered presidentialism emerged during the post-three Kim's era, since the country's recent three presidents possessed their relatively low-level of partisan power in terms of their control of National Assemblies and their respective presidents' parties during their presidencies. South Korea has now a strong possibility to transform the current president-centered presidentialism into the American-style separatist presidential system in the near future, since the country's National Assembly has continuously been making its efforts to function as an effective governing body being compatible with the American Congress. In addition, the country's judiciary branch has effectively been playing a political role like the US supreme court ever since the country's democratization in 1987. It is also emphasized that South Korea's civic society is currently playing as a guardian of democracy through its effective and responsive political participations in many public sectors for promoting civic liberties, public welfare, and other democratic values. South Korea now needs to carry out constitutional revisions, political reforms of legislative system, party system, and electoral system as well as correct some contradictory political understandings and habits in a way to transform the current president-centered presidentialism into American-style separatist presidential system in the near future.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.43
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• pp.265-288
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• 2016

This essay begins by discussing the issue of the definition of a catastrophe as a trauma by visual media and the problems that result. We assume a concrete approach towards these problems by examining the process through which 9/11 was defined as a "national trauma" in the exclusion of images of bodies falling from towers, which were some of the most shocking images in the media coverage of 9/11. The choice to exclude images of falling men from American visual media representations of 9/11 goes hand in hand with the tendencies of a contemporary trauma theory. This essay assumes that the representations in the U.S visual media depend on "antimimetic theory," one of the leading contemporary trauma theories, in order to validate its logic, and examines the limitations and problems of the theory. This work aims to examine the issue of the definition of a catastrophe as trauma by visual media on the basis on the "antimimetic theory" and the danger that results. Because the antimimetic theory, which the visual media in the United States uses to define 9/11 as trauma, emphasizes literal and unmediated representation of an external event, it lacks an understanding of the human aspects of the event. There is no way to intervene in the construction and interpretation of the trauma. As a result, the theory discourages active attempts to find a solution to the problems of the people directly connected with the event. Thus, it provides an opening for manipulative intervention of an external power. This essay attempts to provide a critical analysis of the "antimimetic theory" in order to help people who witness catastrophic events through various types of visual media, and to seek an alternative means of experiencing and responding to the trauma, that does not stem from the perspective of specific media outlets or external powers.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.91-104
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• 2013

The Rothschild family in the UK and the Rockefeller in the USA installed a number of private organization with which they could exert their influence on the world, recruited world renowned figured and spread out their arguments via global visual media worldwide. Their ultimate goal was to reshuffle the world in a new global order. They attempted to persuade people to accept their messages by reiterating them via their visual media. They deliver their own value of existence, efficiency and future convenience via their visual media regarding politics, economics and religion. If such is seen in a Christian perspective, they replace the place and existence of God with their own power and attempt to reorganize the world in a new global order. Their desire seems to be that of Anti-Christ, i.e. the Satan in the Bible. This study attempts to reveal that reality of visual media is fictitious from the Christian perspective.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.209-235
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• 2009

This articles examines a war of history among American conservatives over the survival strategies of the Republican Party. The traditionalists 'construct' and employ a history originating from Goldwater's libertarianism for criticizing the Bush administration and calling for the restoration of conservative principles of limited, small government. The reformists counter with a history of repeated failures of building "conservatism of the working class."

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.203-222
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• 2013

This study has been implemented under the two purposes. One is to critically explore how married immigrant women had experienced or experience conflicts, differentiation and so on occurred in their relations to family, neighbor, friend, organization and nation. The other is to understand married immigrant women and family through a new perspective based on a relational space of interacting trans-nation, local and nation. The results of the study are summarized as the followings. Firstly, transnational space is produced by international marriage between Korean man and foreign woman and kept (or activated ) by (non) everyday activities of married immigrant women and family. There are remittance, children's rearing and education, visits to mother's house, emotional interactions by phone and computer and so on. Secondly, multi-layered and relational local spaces have been (re)produced by married immigrant women's various activities related to family, neighbor, friend, nation and so on. Thirdly, married immigrant women's relations to nation state or government has been specifically presented (or expressed) through the acquiring of Korean nationality and government's activities of supporting multicultural family. Married immigrant women feel that their national identity between mother's nation and Korea is ambiguous and undecided.