• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.277-282
• /
• 1997

The only observed morphological difference between Spirometra erinqsei and S. mcnsonoides is the uterine shape of the mature proglottid. Two species of worms are thought to be evolutionarily closely related. Biomolecular colnparison of the ho worms by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis was conducted to observe the genetic distance. The 285 rDNA, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mCOI), and ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITSI) fragments were obtained from the worms by PCR. The PCR products were cleaved by 5 four-base pair restriction enzyme combinations (Msp I, Hae III, Alu I, Cfo I, Rsa I) , electrophoresed and analyzed with PAUP 3.1.1. The fragment Patterns or 285 rDNA and Lni demonstrated that two worms were in identical systematic tree with bootstrap number 94 and 100, respectively As for mCOI, bootstrap number was 74 in a different tree. Above results are indicative of recent common ancestry between S. etinocei and S. mansonoides.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.53-58
• /
• 2002

Quinacrine, a pH-sensitive fluorescence probe, which exists either as an unprotonated fluorescence form or a protonated noufluorescence form, can be used to measure the proton transport activity of $H^+-ATPase$. Quinacrine was used to determine the optimal conditions for measuring the activity of microsomal $H^+-ATPase$ prepared from the roots of tomato plants. The amount of quinacrine fluorescence quenching obtained at $0.43{\mu}g/{\mu}l$ of microsomal protein concentration was 25-26%, which shows that the enzyme activity of 100 nmol/min decreases 10% of quinacrine fluorescence. Maximal fluorescence quenching was obtained at pH 7.0-7.2 and 2 mM $Mg^{2+}$ Because the activity of microsomal $H^+-ATPase$ is also maximal at these conditions, the quinacrine fluorescence well represents the activity of $H^+-ATPase$. Vanadate and $NO_3-$, specific inhibitors of plasma and vacuolar $H^+-ATPases$, respectively, were successfully applied to inhibit the quinacrine fluorescence quenching mediated by the corresponding $H^+-ATPases$. These results imply that quinacrine is a useful tool for measuring the proton transport activities of microsomes obtained from the root tissue of tomato plants.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
• /
• v.60 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2022

Purpose. The present study aimed to investigate the effective cleaning of healing abutment (HA) using Healing abutment case (HA case) by observing oral microorganisms with phase contrast microscope. Materials and methods. 32 patients with two or more implants placed in the same jaw, a total of 64 HAs (experimental group 32, control group 32) were selected and the control was cleaned with an alcohol swab. At the first and second visits, each group was observed before cleaning, and the experimental group was additionally observed after cleaning at the first visit. A 400× phase contrast microscope was used for the observation of oral microorganisms for its amounts. Results. There was no significant difference in the amount of oral microorganisms was found between the groups at the first visit, no significant difference according to gender, maxilla or mandible, and buccal or lingual surface. There was a statistically significant difference in the amount of oral microorganisms according to supra-gingival and sub-gingival (P<.05), There was also a significant difference in the comparison before and after cleaning in the experimental group (P<.05). There was a significant difference in the amount of oral microorganisms in each group at second visit (P<.05). Conclusion. Healing abutment cleaning using healing abutment case solution is more effective than simple cleaning with alcohol swab.

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Information Systems Conference
• /
• 1996.11a
• /
• pp.211-216
• /
• 1996

This paper propose a fuzzy regression method using fuzzy neural networks when a membership value is attached to each input-output pair. First, an architecture o fuzzy neural networks with fuzzy weights and fuzzy biases is shown. Next, a cost function is defined using the fuzzy output from the fuzzy neural network and the corresponding target output with a membership value. A learning algorithm is derived from the cost function. The derived learning algorithm trains the fuzzy neural network so 솜 t the level set of the fuzzy output includes the target output. Last, the proposed method is applied to the quality evaluation problem of injection molding

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
• /
• 1993.04a
• /
• pp.136-136
• /
• 1993

immunotoxin으로 쓰일 수 있는 리보솜 불활성화 단백질 (RIP, ribosome-inactivating protein)을 보리 씨앗에서 분리하였다 이 단백질은 분자량이 약 30,000 kDa 정도되고, pl가 9.0 보다 높다. 이러한 성질을 이용하여 Na-phosphate 완충용액으로 추출하고, 황산암모늄 60-80％ 포화로 분획화하였다. 다음 CM-cellulose를 이용한 이온 교환 크로마토그래피, Sephacryl S-200 HR 컬럼을 이용한 gel filtration을 하여 순수히 분리하였고, 이를 전기영동하여 확인하였다.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.170-173
• /
• 2001

Liposome-amino acid conjugates were prepared using dipalmitolyphosphatidylcholine(DPPC) and hydrophobically modified asparagine. A microdialyzer was used to measure glucose diffusion. The glucose binding affinity of DPPC-ODA-asparagine liposomes higher than that of DPPC liposomes and distilled water. The size of DPPC-ODA-asparagine was approximately 75-150 nm. Cholesterol increased the stability of liposomes, and reduced the size of liposome particles.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.389-401
• /
• 2000

The mouse for identifying the histological changes of kidney were also divided into the two groups; treated with only $HgCl_2$ (4 mg/kg), the group treated with $HgCl_2$ and squalene (200 mg/kg). The $HgCl_2$ treated only one time at first day. The squalene treated two times a day (12 hours interval) for every day. Each groups were divided into the five groups; 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after treated $HgCl_2$ and squalene. Historical changes of the kidneys were investigated by electron microscope. The group with only $HgCl_2$ showed that the nuclear membrane was shrinked, the inner membrane (cristae) of the mitochondria were destructed, and ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum were lost. The group treated with $HgCl_2$ and Squalene showed that the nuclear membrane was more rounded, the cristae of the mitochondria were almost normal shape, and more ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum were attached. Therefore , we concluded that squalene has significantly protective effects in kidney to harmful $HgCl_2$.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.36 no.2
• /
• pp.57-72
• /
• 2006

A protective effect of activated charcoal against the acute lead poisoning of kidney was studied in mice. Mice approximately 30 gm in weight were grouped into the control, lead acetate-treated. and the activated charcoal-treated after lead acetate groups. Lead acetate (60mg/kg) and activated charcoal (40mg/kg) were delivered orally. Serum BUN and creatine were measured and ultrastructural alteration of renal tissues were examined by electron microscopy. Activated charcoal were decreased the increase of serum BUN and Creatinine level induced by lead. Lead acetate-treated renal tissues were characterized by the loss of microvilli in the renal tubule tells, irregular nucleus, enlarged and reduced number of mitochodria, enlarged rough endoplasmic reticulum, loss of ribosomes. Cells treated with activated charcoal were similar to those of the control group. In conclusion, activated charcoal may protect the lead-induced toxicity on kidney.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.376-381
• /
• 2003

Acyl-CoA synthetase 4 (ACS4) is an arachidonate-preferring enzyme abundant in steroidogenic tissues. We examined ACS4 in rat liver, which contains a variety of pathways that use acyl-CoAs, in order to determine subcellular locations. We demonstrate that ACS4 protein was present most abundantly in the mitochondria and to a much lesser extent in the peroxisomes and microsomes. To determined the dietary effects on the level of ACS4 mRNA, northern blotting was carried out using total RNA from the livers of adult male rats fed various diets. Fasting, high fat diet, and fat-free high sucrose diet increased the hepatic level of ACS4 mRNA approximately 2-fold. Furthermore, the levels of ACS4 mRNA were induced by DEHP[Di- (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate]. These data suggest that ACS4 expression in the liver is regulated with a variety of pathways, including $\beta$-oxidation, hormone, and insulin.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.48 no.3
• /
• pp.212-216
• /
• 2005

Thapsigargin is a specific antagonist of SR/ER-type $Ca^{2+}-ATPase$ in animal tissue, and it was used to characterize the microsomal ATPases prepared from the roots of tomato. When $10\;{\mu}M$ thapsigargin was added, it inhibited the microsomal ATPase activity by 30%. The thapsigargin-induced inhibition was dose-dependent. Since the activity of $Ca^{2+}-ATPase$ is very low in the roots of tomato tissue, it is possible that thapsigargin inhibits the activities of major $H^+-ATPases$ located in plasma and vacuolar membranes. The inhibitory effect of thapsigargin was reduced when the vacuolar $H^+-ATPase$ activity was inhibited by ${NO_3}^-$. However, the effect of thapsigargin was not observed on the $H^+-ATPase$ activity located in the plasma membrane. These results suggest that thapsigargin inhibits the vacuolar $H^+-ATPase$ activity in the roots of tomato.