• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.39 no.6 s.105
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• pp.971-983
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• 2004

It is increasingly clear that student mastery of concepts and skills in geographic education is based on a complex set of variables. Sex and gender are the key variables. Much has been written about biological sex differences in learning, but less attention has been paid to the impacts of socio-cultural gender on learning geography. As such, the aims of this paper are two-fold. First, to examine theories which seek to explain why males and females might differ in their geographic and spatial knowledge or skill. Second, to examine the extent of sex differences and gender traits in the geographic learning. The results of study illustrate clearly that there are more similarities than differences between the sexes. Therefore, there are significant gender differences between the preferences of regions, contents, activities in the secondary geographic learning. The results also provide insights into improving contents and method of geographic education.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.89-90
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• 2011

최근 텔레비전 드라마의 소재와 내용이 다양해지면서 드라마 속의 젠더(gender)의 표현 역시 다양화 되고 있다. 기존의 성에 대한 고정관념을 깨는 다양한 젠더 문제가 제시되고 있는 현 시점에서, 사회적 이데올로기를 반영하고 재생산하는 데 있어 중심적 역할을 하고 있는 방송 드라마의 이러한 변화에 대하여 시청자는 어떠한 수용 태도를 보이고 있는지, 특히 젠더 문제의 중심에 있는 남, 녀 성별 수용 태도는 어떤 차이를 보이는지를 비교 분석함으로써, 방송 드라마의 수용에 대한 젠더 역학을 고찰하고자 한다.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.499-512
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to first look at genderless concepts that are different from Unix, and by grasping the trend of genderless clothes in modern fashion and examining their characteristics, we looked at genderless trends and characteristics in modern fashion. To this end, this study conducted a theoretical review and collection case analysis through domestic and foreign literature and fashion websites. Based on this, the characteristics of genderless clothes expressed in the collection were derived by analyzing designs with strong genderless tendencies in modern collections. As a result of the study, genderless fashion in modern collections could be derived from three visible results: innovation, rebellion, and future-oriented. In addition, modern genderless fashion contains various needs for mental gender and physiological gender, not simply physiological gender, and this is seen by interacting with the current social phenomenon in which gender distinction becomes ambiguous. Understanding and studying the genderless phenomenon, which has become a cultural phenomenon and popularity, hopes that many follow-up studies related to genderless clothes will be conducted in the future.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.989-1014
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• 2017

Major advanced countries pursuing accountability for research and development are carrying out gendered innovations by recognizing the importance of sex and gender analysis in science research and technology development. Korea needs to actively promote gendered innovations as a strategy moving from Fast Follower to First Mover. In order to promote gendered innovations in the science, technology and ICT fields, policies of integrating the gender dimension in the process of research from research design to the analysis of research outcomes should be declared and research support measures should be introduced from the proposal evaluation for the gendered innovations. In particular, in order to support the new gendered innovations research systematically in Korea's R & D system, a legal basis must precede. In this study, we propose an amendment to the law related to gender innovation by analyzing the cases in foreign countries.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.112-120
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• 2022

In order to examine the cultural vicious cycle of gender representation in online educational content, this paper reviewed the top five popular webtoons of inamootoon (EBStoon), Korea's first children's webtoon platform. The patterns of appearance representation that distinguish character's gender, the desire and psychology of characters according to gender, and their functions in the work were critically analyzed from a feminist perspective. In most of the works, the appearance of characters often follows gender stereotypes. It appears that women have long hair and wear dresses while men have short hair. On the other hand, the gender characteristics in terms of psychology and function show the aspect of breaking gender's cliche. The gender proportion of the protagonists is almost the same. Regardless of gender, they function as solvers or rescuers, bravely and wisely overcoming the problem situation. By the way, it is interesting that in representing the main character's gender, the weaker the gender stereotypes, the more popular the work among the readers. This fact suggests that the critical acceptance and choice of young readers can break the cultural vicious cycle of gender representation.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.47
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• pp.103-123
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• 2017

In recent years, some of the brands of cosmetics in Korea have launched the BB Cream only for man. Cosmetics is not only necessary for woman and it has been accepted by the male. A programme hosted by 김기수 is aimed to teach the female how to make up. As a result, the comprehension of the gender and the development of the times have been combined closely. The understanding of gender has been developed from binary opposition to the diversity of gender. The movements that were aimed at advocating feminism caused by some events reminded us of that we should pay attention to the equalization of the gender. We can see that people want to liberate themselves from the sexual stereotype through these social phenomenons. Meanwhile, animation advertising has also experienced a transformation, which is from that to shape a role under sexual stereotype to that to pay more attention to the diversity of gender during the progress of shaping a role. During the initial stage of the animation advertising's prosperity, what it described was based on the male. The male was the permanent theme. On the contrary, the female only played a subordinate role. However, with the development of feminism, to realize self-worth of the female and to fight for the gender equality have been mentioned more and more frequently. All these factors have prompted the animation advertising to break the stereotype when shaping a new role and change the sexual stereotype in order to create new animation figures.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.753-765
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• 2016

This study examines links between Korean adolescents' uses of games and their school lives. A gender-based analysis was conducted and moderating effects of social relationship variables were tested. The major findings are as follows. First, some gender differences were found in impacts of game use. For example, although a game addiction variable appeared to influence both male and female adolescents negatively on the school-related conscientiousness, only male students displayed a negative impact of game time. It represents a gender difference in the preferred game genres and ways of using them. Second, the analysis showed that variables of social relationship could moderate the negative effects of game use. While the relationship with father appeared to moderate the negative effects of game time in male adolescents, the relationship with mother turned out to relieve the negative impacts of game addiction in female ones. In the case of male adolescents, however, the relationship with the parents did not show any moderating effect on game addiction. This study supports the claim that it is necessary to take a gendered approach in studying gaming.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.58-69
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to examine stereotype of gender role in music video, comparing of gender image, sexuality(body exposure & sexual expression) by genre and gender difference. A content analysis of 300 songs and 517 characters was conducted between 2004 and 2013. Results were including followings. While women engaged in classic image, man engaged in naive image. R&B and Ballad demonstrated more classic image of women. Ballad, R&B, and Rock demonstrated more naive image of men than other genre. Sexuality was more prominent in dance and hip-hop genre. Compared to male character, female character was more sexually objectified, held to exposer herself and more likely to demonstrated sexually alluring behavior.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.99-114
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• 2015

This study aims to find a way to realize gender identity in product design. After reviewing the present research, it was found out that it is necessary to extend notion of gender and to redefine the concept of gender design. Specific products were selected in order to analyze the characteristics of femininity. Refrigerators, which represent the femininity the best, were chosen and analyzed based on the graphic elements. As a result, the concept of gender have been used quite limitedly in a refrigerator. Since the stereotype of women has already been implicit, it was considered difficult to propose an alternative plan for realizing the extended concept of gender. Therefore, digital devices have been proposed for a potential alternative group. This product group, of course, has a limitation like the refrigerators. However, when functions, frequency of use, and use of space are considered in depth, It can be a possible group that holds the meaning of gender in design. This study is significant that it attempted to examine the possibility of convergence in identity and usability when the graphic elements of a product are constructed by gender design that considers the identity of a user through redefining the concept of gender.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.309-334
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• 2010

This study explores gender mechanism of welfare politics in Korea from the perspective of welfare status theory. In the simplistic analysis, it is found that there is no gender difference in welfare attitudes. In the more sophisticated analysis of welfare-status-beased SEM, however, it is found that Korean welfare politics is to be understood in terms of gender-related politics. Three major findings of this study are as follows. Firstly, Korean women possess less pro-welfare attitudes in terms of the status of welfare beneficiary. This is due to the visible gender segregation in the Korean labor market on the one hand and due to the centrality of social insurance programs in the structure of Korean public welfare system on the other hand. Secondly, Korean women have relatively higher level of pro-welfare attitude when it comes to the status of welfare service provider. Thirdly, Korean women tend to be more supportive to pro-welfare parties as they have less chance to be a higher taxpayer. Based on the above mentioned findings, this study concludes that it is possible to make Korean women be more pro-welfare if the Korean welfare state expands more social services that tend to meet urgent needs of women.