• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.59-72
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• 2020

Previous crisis management research has mainly focused on business organizations' responsibility for crises, and yet research on CEOs in crisis still lacks. This research examined the influences of crisis responsibility and response strategies on attitudes toward a CEO, attitudes toward a corporate, and purchase intentions in the case of CEOs in crisis. In addition, this study explored how a CEO's SNS interactivity during normal times moderates the influences of crisis responsibility and response strategies. A 2(responsibility: high vs. low)X2(strategy: defensive vs. apology)X2(interactivity: high vs. low) experimental design was conducted with 200 Chinese students in Seoul. According to the analysis results from effects of response strategies by CEO's crisis responsibility levels, regardless of the crisis responsibility levels, the apology strategy was more effective than the defensive strategy in terms of CEO attitudes, corporate attitudes, and purchasing intentions. The analysis results about the moderating role of SNS interactivity during normal times show that under the CEO's high responsibility condition, keeping high SNS interactivity during normal times and using the apology after crisis brought out most favorable responses. Under the CEO's low responsibility condition, regardless of the SNS interactivity levels, the apology strategy brought out more favorable responses than the defensive strategy.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.403-417
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• 2014

Increased frequency of climate extremes is another face of climate change confronted by humans, resulting in catastrophic losses in agriculture. While climate extremes take place on many scales, impacts are experienced locally and mitigation tools are a function of local conditions. To address this, agrometeorological early warning systems must be place and location based, incorporating the climate, crop and land attributes at the appropriate scale. Existing services often lack site-specific information on adverse weather and countermeasures relevant to farming activities. Warnings on chronic long term effects of adverse weather or combined effects of two or more weather elements are seldom provided, either. This lecture discusses a field-specific early warning system implemented on a catchment scale agrometeorological service, by which volunteer farmers are provided with face-to-face disaster warnings along with relevant countermeasures. The products are based on core techniques such as scaling down of weather information to a field level and the crop specific risk assessment. Likelihood of a disaster is evaluated by the relative position of current risk on the standardized normal distribution from climatological normal year prepared for 840 catchments in South Korea. A validation study has begun with a 4-year plan for implementing an operational service in Seomjin River Basin, which accommodates over 60,000 farms and orchards. Diverse experiences obtained through this study will certainly be useful in planning and developing the nation-wide disaster early warning system for agricultural sector.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.451-470
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• 2023

Purpose: Since COVID-19 was first discovered in China in December 2019, it has rapidly spread around the world, causing serious economic and social problems not only in individuals' lives, but also in businesses and countries. Individuals, businesses, and governments have all made various efforts to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Although the roles of individuals, companies, and the government are important to respond to and manage infectious diseases, previous studies have only partially studied the roles. Therefore, in this study, the roles of individuals, companies, and the government to achieve results in responding to infectious diseases disaster management A comprehensive study was conducted on this issue, and it was attempted to understand the impact of workers' perceptions of infectious disease disaster management and government and corporate capabil]ities on disaster response performance. Method: The survey was conducted for workers in the automobile manufacturing industry in Ulsan, Gyeongju, and Yangsan, and frequency analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis were performed. Result: It was found that worker perception had a positive effect on both government and corporate capabilities as well as disaster management performance. In addition, government capacity and corporate capacity had a positive effect on disaster management performance. Conclusion: The results of this study are meaningful in that they reveal that not only workers' perceptions but also the capabilities of the government and companies are important to achieve disaster response performance. In addition, workers should make good use of opportunities for education and participation provided by the government and corporations, and make the most social efforts that workers can make.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.74-80
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• 2023

This study examines the characteristics of architectural review opinions as unstructured data, focusing on the most challenging risk for developers of small and medium-sized apartment projects in response to the increasing number of single-person households in Korea. Using multidimensional analysis methods, the study analyzes the review opinions of 25 projects in B City. Correspondence analysis and MDS (Multidimensional Scale) analysis show that, consistent with prior research, the keywords related to 'structure' and 'planning' dominate architectural review opinions in B City. While the MDS model's stress is very poor at 34.4%, correspondence analysis reveals that this is due to the characteristics of unstructured data in architectural reviews. In addition, the non-structured data analyzed in this study, such as architectural review opinions, exhibited a probability distribution with low kurtosis and high skewness, as they involved various combinations and occurrences of data depending on the discretion of the review committee members and the specific formats of different local governments. This often led to the emergence of keywords that differed significantly from commonly mentioned terms. Although the study has some limitations, it provides a foundation for future detailed analysis by identifying the characteristics of architectural review opinions as unstructured data.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.19-33
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• 2004

신호교차로 운영 최적화를 위한 4가지 변수인 주기, 현시순서, 현시녹색시간, 옵셋 중에서 지금 지 정형화된 지침이 없이 전문가의 경험이나 휴리스틱한 규칙(Heuristic rule)에 의해 결정되었던 현시순서에 대해 다양한 교통조건을 고려하여 최적현시와 지체변화를 분석하였다. 교통조건은 독립/연동교차로, 교차로 기하구조, 비혼잡/혼잡상태, 통과교통량에 대한 좌회전 교통량비(LT/Thru)에 따라 Dual ring에서 구현가능한 모든 현시순서를 대상으로 최적현시를 도출하였다. 분석과정에서 비혼잡상태의 경우 LT/Thru가 작을수록 직진 중첩 동시신호가 가장 우수하게 나왔으며, LT/Thru가 크게 증가할수록 선행양방향좌회전이 양호하게 나타났다. 혼잡상태의 경우는 LT/Thru 15%에서 공통적으로 최적현시가 변하였는데 이는 포화도와 이동류별 녹색시간비율이 크게 변하면서 급작스런 주기 증가에 기인한 것으로 판단되었다. 또한 독립교차로 및 연동교차로 현시순서 분석 결과를 보면 전반적으로 선행양방좌회전 현시와 직진 중첩 동시신호 현시가 가장 양호한 것으로 나타났으며, 양방 동시신호 현시는 대체로 지체가 높게 나타나 신호운영에 비효율적인 것을 다시 한번 입증하게 되었다. 특히 연동교차로에서는 연동에 중요한 요소인 옵셋과 진행대폭(bandwidth)의 상호관계를 탄력적으로 대응할 수 있는 직진 중첩 동시신호가 최적현시로 나타났다. 본 연구는 검지기가 설치되지 않은 고정식 신호기로 운영되는 지방부 및 도시 가로망의 교통류 효율성을 높이는 중요한 자료로 사용될 것으로 판단된다. 최근에는 실시간 교통신호 제어시스템이 활발히 연구. 운영되고 있는데 이 시스템 내에 포함되어 있는 TOD방식의 고정시간 제어(pretimed control)나 패턴선택제어(pattern selection control)에도 충분히 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.7-7
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• 2016

인도네시아 산불에 의한 연무는 동남아시아 인접한 국가들에 있어서 심각한 환경문제 중 하나이다. 국제적으로 심각한 문제를 야기하는 인도네시아의 산불은 건조기에 강수량이 적게 내리는 극심한 가뭄 조건에서 발생한다. 건조기 강수량을 모니터링 하는 것은 산불 발생 가능성을 예측하기 위해 중요하지만 산불을 사전에 예방하고 영향을 최소화하기에는 부족하다. 따라서 산불에 대한 선제적 사전예방을 위해서는 수개월의 선행예측 기간을 갖는 조기경보 시스템이 절실하다. 따라서 본 연구는 인도네시아 산불에 대한 선제적 대응을 위한 강수량 예측시스템을 개발하고 예측성을 평가하여 동남아시아 지역의 화재 연무 조기경보 시스템의 시제품(Prototype)을 개발하는데 있다. 강수량 예측을 위해서 APEC 기후센터의 계절예측정보의 활용 정도에 따라서 4가지 서로 다른 방법을 통합하여 사용하였다. 예측정보 기반의 방법들로는 대상지역의 강수량 예측을 위해서 대상 지역 상공의 계절예측 강수자료를 보정을 통해 직접적으로 사용하는 SBC (Simple Bias Correction) 방법과 대상 지역 상공의 강수 예측자료를 사용하는 대신에 지역 강수량과 높은 상관 관계를 보이는 다른 지역의 대리변수를 예측인자로 사용하는 MWR (Moving Window Regression) 방법이 있다. 또한 예측자료의 사용 없이 과거자료 기반의 기후지수(Climate Index) 중에서 지체시간을 고려하여 지역 강수량과 높은 상관관계를 갖는 경우 예측에 활용하는 관측자료 기반의 CIR (Climate Index Regression) 방법과 예측기반 MWR과 관측기반의 CIR 방법에서 선정된 예측인자를 동시에 활용하는 ITR (Integrated Time Regression) 방법이 사용되었다. 장기 강수량 예측은 보르네오 섬의 4개 지역에서 3개월 이하의 선행예측기간에 대하여 0.5 이상의 TCC (Temporal Correlation Coefficient)의 값을 보여 양호한 예측성능을 보였다. 예측된 강수량 자료는 위성기반 관측 강수량 및 관측 탄소 배출량 관계에서 결정된 강수량의 임계값과의 비교를 통해 산불발생 가능성으로 환산하였다. 개발된 조기경보 시스템은 산불 발생에 가장 취약한 해당지역의 건조기(8월~10월) 강수량을 4월부터 예측해 산불 연무에 대한 조기경보를 수행한다. 개발된 화재 연무조기경보 시스템은 지속적인 개선을 통해 현장 실효성을 높여 동남아국가 정부의 화재 및 산림관리자들에게 보급함으로써 동남아의 화재 연무로 인한 환경문제 해결에 기여할 수 있으리라 판단된다.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.23-53
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• 2020

Following the rapid development and change of information technologies and sociocultural environments, public libraries are recently facing demand for various changes regarding their traditional functions and roles. They need to make efforts to understand accurately the changing factors of their surrounding environments and their resulting job changes so that they can make active responses to the changes of the times. The purposes of this study are to diagnose changing situations in the current surrounding environments and job content of public libraries and propose a basic direction for them to figure out and react to the causes of their core change content. For these purposes, the study 1) examined literature and previous studies on the surrounding environments and job factors of public libraries, 2) reviewed current job states and change cases in major criteria and standards, legislations, institutions, and policies about public libraries, and finally 3) identified the factors of their surrounding environments and job changes, tested their validity in the delphi method.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.3-13
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• 2020

Organizations are facing a new, diverse security threat as ICT based industrial environment arises. As a way of effective countermeasure for security threat, organizations are making an effort to establish internalization of security culture, targeting a organizational members. However, members' awareness toward security receptiveness is low as inconvenience exists in business process and existing security culture focuses on controlling and regulating. Accordingly, this research desires to develop a participatory security culture which can higher the efficiency of security work process and induce members' voluntary participation. A comparative analysis on security culture related prior researches is conducted and based on a drawn components, statistical verification is accomplished. It is expected to contribute on future research on measuring a security culture level.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.215-226
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• 2015

Business organizations intend to survival in the global market with a dramatically changing environment, an efficiency management process is obviously needed. The traditional management ways can not follow the steps of the new world. In another word, leaders now have to focus on building a new employee-employer relationship. Globally, as the economic recession continues and consumption shrinks, companies face a lot of difficulties. Companies will, eventually, fall behind in the market unless they respond to this constantly changing business environment and market, systematically. Accordingly, the importance of leadership can be said to be highest ever. This study inquired into the preceding research on servant leadership and carried out an empirical analysis with the workers in the service industry. As a result of the analysis, it was found that servant leadership had positive impacts on organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior, and that the boss's trust affected the impact of servant leadership on organizational commitment.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.215-223
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• 2019

The recent trend of cyber attack threat is mainly APT (Advanced Persistent Threat) attack. This attack is a combination of hacking techniques to try to steal important information assets of a corporation or individual, and social engineering hacking techniques aimed at human psychological factors. Spear phishing attacks, one of the most commonly used APT hacking techniques, are known to be easy to use and powerful hacking techniques, with more than 90% of the attacks being a key component of APT hacking attacks. The existing research for cyber security threat defense is mainly focused on the technical and policy aspects. However, in order to preemptively respond to intelligent hacking attacks, it is necessary to study different aspects from the viewpoint of social engineering. In this study, we analyze the correlation between human personality type (DISC) and cyber security threats, focusing on spear phishing attacks, and present countermeasures against security threats from a new perspective breaking existing frameworks.