• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.20 no.2 s.26
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• pp.147-177
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• 2006

The 7th curriculum sets a basic direction based on learner centered teaching, with the aim of allowing students to develop their mathematical ability. Teachers' manuals are provided to help teachers fallow the basic direction and achieve the curriculum aims, but in practice they are not always helpful. Therefore, we reconstructed parts of a teachers' manual. This involved analyzing the contents of units 6, 7 and 8 of the elementary mathematics textbook 4 na to identify and outline the problems; introducing more detailed teaching methods and activities; and developing teaching learning materials. We tested the new version in several real classes and analysed the responses 6f teachers and students to examine the possibility of its practical use. The results suggest that the reconstructed version of the teachers' manual for units 6, 7 and 8 of textbook 4 na is of greater practical utility.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.398-412
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• 2012

과학 교과서는 과학 교육에 있어서 아주 중요한 역할을 하여 왔다. 교과서는 학생들이 학문적 경험을 하게끔 주도하며 학교 교육을 대표하는 수단이라고 할 수 있다(Valverde, Bianchi, Wolfe, Schmidt, & Houang, 2002). 그러나 과학 교육에서 교과서의 중요한 역할에도 불구하고, 국내외에서 그 연구가 미비하였다 (Good, 1993). 이 연구의 첫번째 과제로써 과학 교과서 연구 현황을 살펴보기 위해 지난 30여년간 미국에서 이루어진 초등 교과서와 관련된 연구들을 분석 및 정리하였다. 한편 과학의 본성에 대한 이해는 지난 반세기 동안 과학 교육에서 하나의 중요한 목표가 되어 왔으며, 미국의 여러 국가적 차원의 지침서에서는 그 중요성을 강조하였다 (NRC, 1996; AAAS, 1990, 1993). 그럼에도 불구하고 과학 교과서 연구에서 과학의 본성에 관련한 선행 연구가 거의 없다는 것을 알고, 본 연구의 두번째 과제로써 현재 미국 초등 교과서에 나타난 과학의 본성에 대한 연구를 4가지 주제에 근거하여 분석하였다. 과학의 본성에 대한 4가지 주제는 (a)지식 체계로서의 과학, (b) 탐구 방법으로의 과학, (c) 생각의 방법으로의 과학, 그리고 (d) 과학과 기술, 그리고 사회와 연관된 관계 (Chiappetta, Fillman, & Sethna, 2004)로서, 본 연구에서는 미국 초등 과학 교과서에 나타난 이 4가지 주제를 학년별 및 출판사별로 4가지 영역의 포함 정도를 퍼센트로 산출하였다. 또한 도입 단원 전체를 분석하였으므로, 단원 전반적 내용에 내포된 과학의 본성에 대한 측면을 연구자의 직관과 전문성에 근거하여 서술적인 방식으로 토의하였다.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.183-201
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• 2005

Illustrations and letters are two components of school textbooks. In the case of low grades of elementary school, textbook's illustrations play an important role in learning because many parts of curriculums(lessons) are represented by the visual forms through illustrations. So elementary mathematics textbook's illustrations have to make clear mathematical concepts and principles by visual simplification and bring out of the interest and motivation of elementary school students' learning. In this paper, we analysed the external and content aspects of textbook's illustrations, focusing on the textbook of the second grade. We investigated number, kindness, size, ratio, and clearness of illustrations in regard to external aspects. On the aspects of content, we analysed the role of illustrations and the degree of agreement with contents. Also we classified types of error in the textbook's illustrations and presented examples of errors which was found.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.481-506
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• 2019

Perpendicularity and parallelity are important concepts in Mathematics as well as real-life contexts. However, those concepts are rather reduced in 2015 revised curriculum compared to previous 2009 revised curriculum. This study firstly analyzed teaching method related to perpendicularity and parallelity in a series of mathematics textbooks of Korea, Singapore and Japan. Moreover, the unit of perpendicularity and parallel was redesigned in a way to understand the concepts meaningfully and to give opportunities for students to explore how to make perpendicular and parallel lines. The results showed that noticeable changes has been as the curriculum was revised in Korea. Also, three countries showed some differences in concepts definition and learning activities. This study is expected to suggest implications for how to teach perpendicularity and parallelity in elementary school mathematics.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.221-237
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• 2011

This paper focused on three drawbacks exposed in subject matter related to solid figures in elementary school math textbook. First, general solid figure are introduced before rectangular parallelepiped and cube in fifth grade math textbook, and prism and pyramid in sixth grade math textbook are introduced. Second, the process of abstraction from concrete objects to solid figures is insufficient in sixth grade math textbook. Third, some definitions in subject matter related to solid figures are inconsistent and ambiguous. The following four suggestions can be put forward as a conclusion based on these results. First, subject matter in textbooks must be correspond with that in curriculum. Second, it is necessary to inform teachers of range of subject matter through teachers guide book and manual for curriculum definitely. Third, each grade subject matter in math textbooks must be reexamined. Fourth, regular modification of math textbooks must be possible institutionally.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• autumn
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• pp.501-506
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• 2001

The Korean government established a domestic specification system, and regulated that owner should produced construction project specifications, instead of special provisions, in design phase, January 1998. But in Korea the ability of construction engineers for construction project specification are insufficient. So the government had built up a database of standard specifications and developed a supporting system for writing construction project specification(SPECMAKE) in 1999. However, it is a PC base stand-alone system, so it is not convenient to update the database. In order to overcome these limitations, the purpose of this paper builds up a database of construction criteria and develops a automatic writing system for construction project specification on web base. The database contains standard specifications, design and construction guidelines related with construction business. And this paper describes the frameworks, the components, and the functions of the specifications writing system for the construction projects.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.80-84
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• 2013

The EU in order to surpass the United States in the world economy have tried several aspects. Economic growth is possible through the technological competitiveness of this industry, and also through the development of industrial technology and employment. Such EU Commission has taken several support policies in order to raise the R & D capabilities. Non-EU member countries, Korea, R & D pipe central incisor see support for the policy proposal evaluation for women is important. The aim of this paper is to analyze the proposal evaluation process of the EU commission for R&D projects. I argue that the EU's methode of proposal evaluation for EU R&D consists of five stages: expert briefings, proposals for individual assessment, consensus and finally a panel evaluation. The main features of the EU's R&D evaluation process for proposals are experts and panel evaluation. The Korean government could select, operate and manage experts for the EU's R&D evaluation. That would lead to a higher rate of success for Korean proposals in the EU.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.51-66
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• 2019

The Korean ministry of education has adopted an educational policy about digital textbooks at K-12 schools since 2018, in order to provide students with individualized learning contents and activities. However, digital textbooks has been yet prepared and delivered for the students with disabilities in the inclusive education. This study aims to develop the guidelines on digital textbooks for students with disabilities applying universal design for learning, recognizing the requirements for the digital textbooks which can be utilized in the K-12 inclusive classrooms for diverse students. In this respect, guidelines on digital textbooks were developed based on previous studies and cases. The first draft of guidelines were reviewed with two rounds of the delphi methods with special teachers. In addition, scenarios were developed, representing the rich educational contexts with digital textbooks applying the guidelines in a practical way for students with 4 types of disabilities. This study can contribute to establishing educational policies and environments related to the digital textbook development and dissemination for students with disabilities.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.111-131
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• 2021

This study aims to investigate how secondary mathematics teachers understand and intend to use textbooks for their mathematics instruction. For this purpose, we developed a set of survey items in order to unpack what the teachers understand the mathematical tasks suggested in the textbooks in terms of the levels of cognitive demand and how they intended to use the tasks in the textbooks for their teaching. Twenty-five teachers participated in the survey. The data from the survey were analyzed. The findings from the data analysis suggested as follows: a) the teachers seemed to closely follow textbooks without attempting to modify the tasks, even when the teachers consider it is necessary to modify textbook tasks to high-level tasks, b) the teachers seemed to be unstable in regards that they admitted themselves very competent for modifying tasks for developing students' mathematical thinking but, at the same time, they were uncomfortable with transforming tasks into cognitively demanding tasks that promote students' mathematical understanding, and c) the teachers appeared to consider textbooks as significant criteria in conducting tests including midterm and final exam. In conclusion, the teachers seemed to intend to follow closely the contents and sequence of mathematics textbooks in their mathematics classrooms.

• Journal of Creative Information Culture
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.257-264
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• 2021

As online classes started in 2020 due to the COVID-19 outbreak, the use of online content in classes such as e-books, Google tools, and videos has increased. Accordingly, the need for textbooks made by teachers is emerging so that students can learn effectively even in an online environment. In addition, as online classes and student-participatory classes using various online contents expand, teachers are actively using online content-using textbooks as well as book-type textbooks. In other words, it is a time not only to prepare for online classes, but to establish the concept of online textbooks and to think about the system and direction of current textbooks in order to transform into a future education system. Therefore, in this paper, the basic data for establishing the concept of online content utilization textbooks that are currently being introduced have been analyzed and theoretical contents for the development direction of future textbooks to be developed in the future are explored.