• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.314-325
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• 2003

이 연구의 목적은 수종 상아질 접착 시스템과 복합 레진 및 resin-modified glass ionomer를 상아질 표면에 접착하여 재료 및 상아질내 위치에 따른 미세전단결합강도를 측정, 비교하는 것이다. 상아질 접착 시스템으로는, 3-step인 Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus, 2-step인 Single Bond와 자가 부식형 시스템인 Clearfil SE Bond를, 1-step인 Prompt L-Pop을 사용하였다. 이와 함께 hybrid type의 복합 레진인 Clearfil AP-X와 2250을 사용하였으며 resin-modified glass ionomer로는 Fuji II LC를 사용하였다. 상악 소구치를 치아의 근원심 중앙부를 절단하여 상아질면을 노출시켰다. 5개 실험군으로 분류하고 상아질면을 위치에 따라 치관부의 occlusal $\frac{1}{3}$, middle $\frac{1}{3}$, cervical $\frac{1}{3}$과 치근부로 구분지어 시편을 부착하였다. 미세전단결합강도측정는 Universal testing machine(EZ-test; Shimadzu, Japan)에서 측정하였다. Occlusal 1/3부위에서는 SE가 가장 높은 값을, SM과 SB간에는 유의차가 없었으며, PL, GI순으로, Middle 1/3부위에서는 $SM{\;}{\geq}{\;}SE{\;}{\geq}{\;}SB{\;}{\geq}{\;}PL{\;}{\geq}{\;}GI$순으로, cervical 1/3부위에서는 SM, SE, SB간에 유의차가 없었다. Root dentin에서는 SM이 가장 높은 값을 보였으며 SE, PL, GI간에 유의차가 없었다. SE만이 치관부 상아질에 비해 치근부에서 유의할만한 결합강도의 감소를 나타냈다(p<0.05). GI는 치관부 상아질에서는 다른 군에 비해 유의성 있게 낮은 결합강도를 보였으나 치근부에서는 SE, PL과 유의차가 없었다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.419-424
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• 2011

Objectives: This study was aimed to determine the effects of temporary sealing materials on microtensile bond strength between resin-coated dentin and resin inlay and to compare the bonding effectiveness of delayed dentin sealing and that of immediate dentin sealing. Materials and Methods: The teeth were divided into 4 groups: group 1, specimens were prepared using delayed dentin sealing after temporary sealing with zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE); group 2, specimens were prepared using immediate dentin sealing and ZOE sealing; group 3, specimens were prepared using immediate dentin sealing and Dycal (Dentsply) sealing; group 4, specimens were prepared using immediately sealed, and then temporarily sealed with a resin-based temporary sealing material. After removing the temporary sealing material, we applied resin adhesive and light-cured. Then the resin inlays were applied and bonded to the cavity with a resin-based cement. The microtensile bond strength of the sectioned specimens were measured with a micro-tensile tester (Bisco Inc.). Significance between the specimen groups were tested by means of one-way ANOVA and multiple Duncan's test. Results: Group 1 showed the lowest bond strength, and group 4 showed the highest bond strength (p < 0.01). When temporary sealing was performed with ZOE, immediate dentin sealing showed a higher bonding strength than delayed dentin sealing (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Based on these results, immediate dentin sealing is more recommended than delayed dentin sealing in bonding a resin inlay to dentin. Also, resin-based temporary sealing materials have shown the best result.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.228-237
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• 2001

It is well known that glass-ionomer cement and compomer can release fluoride which can inhibit the progression of dental caries. The purposes of this study were to evaluate whether the fluoride from fluoride-containing filling materials can penetrate the dentin bonding adhesive and the dentin bonding adhesive can increase the bond strength of resin-modified glass ionomer. The amount of fluoride release from resin-modified glass ionomer and compomer was measured during 28 days of period and statistically analyzed by t-test. The bond strength of each material with/without dentin bonding adhesive was measured and also statistically analyzed by t-test. The distribution of fluoride from each material into the tooth was explored by electron probe microanalysis system(EPMA). The experimental teeth used were second primary molars about to exfoliate. The amount of fluoride release from each material was diminished by dentin bonding adhesive during 28 days(p<0.05) and the bond strength was not increased by dentin adhesive in resin-modified glass ionomer. The bond strength of group VI was not detectable. The distribution of fluoride from each material into teeth was according to dentino-enamel junction and dispersed into pulp from pulpal floor. The widest distribution was shown in resin-modified glass ionomer cement filled without the application of dentin bonding adhesive.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.237-245
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• 2000

For the purpose of comparing the bond strengths of some tooth adhesive restoration materials on primary enamel and dentin, 4 kinds (7 brands) of restorative materials including a composite resin (Z 100), a conventional glass ionomer cement (Chem-Flex), 2 brands of resin-modified glass ionomer cements (Fuji II LC-I, Vitremer), and 3 brands of compomers(Dyract AP, F2000, Compoglass) were investigated using UTM for measuring the shear bond strengths. Additionally the failure modes were examined by histologically observing the fractured surfaces of each specimen. The following results were obtained. 1. The shear bond strengths of Z 100 to the primary enamel were higher than those of other experimental materials except Fuji II LC-I, which showed significantly higher bond strength than Chem-Flex or Vitremer (P<0.05). 2. The shear bond strengths of Z 100 to the primary dentin were higher than those of other experimental materials except Dyract AP and Fuji II LC-I, both of which showed significantly higher shear strength than Chem-Flex or Vitremer (P<0.05). 3. The shear bond strengths of all restorative materials except Dyract AP showed relatively higher values to enamel surface than to dentin surface. In Dyract AP, the reverse was true significantly. 4. All materials examined showed cohesive failures except some Chem-Flex and Vitremer, which showed adhesive failures.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.30-37
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• 2002

Bacterial microleakage around restorations is considered the principal cause of pulpal inflammation associated with restorations. The rationale for using cavity disinfectant is based on its antimicrobial properties but the cavity disinfectant may leave debris on dentin surfaces. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of 2% chlorhexidine on shear bond strength and microleakage of adhesive restoration. 45 sound bovine teeth were used for the shear bond strength test and 30 for the micorleakage. For the experimental groups, 2% chlorhexidine was applied before the restorations, and was not for the control groups. The result from the this study can be summarized as follows; 1. No significant difference could be found in shear bond strength of each group. 2. No significant difference could be found in microleakage of each group.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.359-365
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of temporary restorative and filling material on bonding strength between lithium disilicate glass-ceramic and dentin. 60 extracted human molars were cross-sectioned at occlusal third and were embedded into self-cure acrylic resin. Then the teeth were randomly divided into four groups of 15 each. Lithium disilicate glass-ceramic is cemented to dentin as follows: after no any application of the provisional materials (Group A), after application of ALIKETM (GC America Inc.)(Group B), after application of Luxatemp$^{(R)}$ Automix plus (DMG, Germany)(Group C), after application of Fermit$^{(R)}$ (Ivoclar Vivadent, Leichtenstein)(Group D). After the specimens were stored in distilled water for 24 hours, the shear bond strength of the specimens were measured using UTM (Zwick 1456 41, Zwick, Germany) at a crosshead speed of 1mm/min. The data were analysed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests. There were no statistically significant differences of bond strength among the groups. Fracture type was showed mixed type of adhesive and cohesive fracture in most of specimens. Within the limitation of this study, bond strength of adhesive resin cement between lithium disilicate glass-ceramic and dentin was not affected by provisional restorative and filling materials.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.8-15
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of various methods of dentin bonding agent application and air abrasion pretreatment on microtensile bond strength between dentin and resin, using a self-etching adhesive system. Material and methods: Thirty freshly extracted human molars were obtained and divided into 6 groups of 5 teeth. A 2-step self etching adhesive system (Clearfil SE Bond) was used for all groups. The control specimens were prepared using a direct immediate bonding technique. The delayed dentin sealing specimens were prepared using an indirect approach without dentin prebonding. The immediate dentin sealing specimens were prepared using dentin prebonding immediately following preparation. Immediate dentin sealing teeth and delayed dentin sealing teeth had provisional restorations using Fermit for two weeks. Then all specimens of each group were divided into two groups of three, depending on air abrasion pretreatment. Composite "crowns" were incrementally built on and specimens were stored in water for 24 hours. All teeth were prepared for a microtensile bond strength test. Bond strength data were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA test, and post hoc comparison was done using the Scheffe's test. Results: The mean microtensile bond strengths of all groups were not statistically different from each other. Conclusion: When preparing teeth for indirect restorations, IDS and DDS with Clearfil SE bond, have no difference on the microtensile bond strength between dentin and resin. Air abrasion pretreatment did not affect the microtensile bond strength when using IDS and DDS with Clearfil SE bond.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.372-380
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of various methods of dentin bonding agent application on microtensile bond strength between dentin and resin, using a 2-step etch-and-rinse dentin bonding agent. Material and methods: Twenty freshly extracted human molars were obtained and divided into 4 groups of 5 teeth. 2-step etch-and-rinse dentin bonding agent was used for all groups. The control specimens were prepared using a direct immediate bonding technique. The delayed dentin sealing (A, C) specimens were prepared using an indirect approach with delayed dentin sealing. For group A, resin was built-up on uncured dentin bonding agent, and for group C, resin was built-up on pre-cured dentin bonding agent. Preparation of the immediate dentin sealing (B) specimens also used an indirect approach with immediate dentin sealing immediately following preparation. All teeth were prepared for a microtensile bond strength test. Specimens were stored in water for 24 hours. Ten beams (1.0 ${\times}$ 1.0 ${\times}$ 11 mm) from each tooth were selected for testing. Bond strength data (MPa) were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA test, and post hoc comparison was done using the Scheffe's test. Results: The mean microtensile bond strengths of control group, B and C (DDS with pre-cure) were not statisticaaly different from each other at 32.7, 33.3, 34.2 MPa. the bond strength for group A (DDS without pre-cure), 19.5 MPa, was statistically different (P < .01) from the other 3 groups. Conclusion: When preparing teeth for indirect bonded restorations, DDS with pre-curing dentin bonding agent and IDS results in the same bond strength between dentin and resin. On the contrast, the bond strength was decreased when DDS without pre-curing dentin bonding agent was used.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.174-181
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• 2009

Statement of problem: There is a reduction of dentin bonding strength when the bonding procedure is carried out immediately after bleaching with peroxides. Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate a proper time interval for in-office bleaching technique using 35% hydrogen peroxide. Material and methods: Fifty extracted non-caries human third molars were used in this study. Buccal enamel of each tooth was removed and polished by 600 grits silicone carbide paper. They were randomly divided into five groups and bleached 35% hydrogen peroxide except control group. All groups were bonded with Single Bond/Z 350 after each time intervals ; Group-A: control, no bleaching treatment. Group-B: resin bonding immediately after bleaching. Group-C: resin bonding 1day after bleaching. Group-D: resin bonding 2 days after bleaching. Group-E: resin bonding 7days after bleaching. Shear bond strengths were measured with a cross-head speed of 1.0 mm/min using an Instron machine. The data of results were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance(ANOVA) and Tukey multiple comparison test.(P=.05) Results: There were significant decreases in mean shear strength in immediately bonding group after bleaching. The reduction of bond strengths was 78% compared with the group of no bleaching treatment. Group C showed the recovery of 51%, and Group D showed recovery of 63%. Both of them have no statistical difference with non-bleaching group. Group E showed no statistical difference with no bleaching treatment group. Conclusion: Dentin bonding strength is significantly reduced when bonding is performed immediately after bleaching for in-office bleaching regimens using 35% hydrogen peroxide, and increases as time goes by. One week of elapsed time between bleaching and resin bonding significantly increases bonding strengths for the in-office bleaching technique.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.509-518
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bonding of compomer to deciduous dentin which is known to have been developed to improve the weak properties of glass ionomer cement and composite resin. 120 sound primary molars were used for the shear bond strength test and another 24 for the scanning electron microscopic evaluation. Each material was ailed into polyethylene mold attached to exposed dentinal surface($3{\times}4mm$ in diameter) of sample blocks. Shearbond strength was measured using Universal testing machine and data were analyzed statistically with Oneway-ANOVA and Scheffe test. Scanning electron microscopic observation was performed in order to evaluate the pattern of distribution and penetration of resin tags and hybrid layer. Compomer groups(II-V) showed significantly higher bond strength values than glass ionomer group(I)(p<.05). Etching-compomer groups(III, V) showed the significantly higher bond strength than non-etching compomer groups(II, IV)(p<.05), but slightly lower values than composite resin group(VI) with no statistically significant difference(p>.05). No significantly different bond strength was found between compomer groups of different bonding system(p>.05). Scanning electron micrographs showed more irregular distribution of short and thin resin tags in non-etching compomer groups(II, IV) whereas the more regular and intimate distribution of long and thick tags in etching compomer groups(III, V) and composite resin group(VI). The evaluation of hybrid layer also showed more regular formation of thicker layer in etching compomer groups(III, V). Based on the results of present study, the use of compomer as an esthetic restorative material for primary molars might be justified.