• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.181-191
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• 2010

In this study, we have come to classify experiment illustrations inserted in chemistry I textbook according to types (photographs and pictures) and roles (instruments, reagents, process and results). Also, in the case of person in illustrations not following the safety rules or mishandling instruments in the experimental process, we have come to define it as an 'error'. The problem is that, students tend to accept these errors unquestioningly and as a result, during the experiments, safety concerns can arise. Besides, the mishandling of instruments can lead to the wrong result of experiments. These errors are thought to be caused in the process of making illustrations. Therefore, to minimize errors in the illustrations for the experiments, experts specializing in illustrations should participate in the actual experimental illustrations process.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.618-629
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• 2023

Although society has become increasingly diverse, on a few studies analyzed elementary science textbooks in terms of race or disability. Therefore, this study analyzed character illustrations presented in elementary science textbooks in terms of multiculturalism and disability. It identified 14 approved elementary science textbooks for the 2015 revised curriculum, which are used during the first and second semesters in the third grade. First, analysis of the race of character illustrations in elementary science textbooks indicated that 8.2% of them are multicultural, which is higher than the actual proportion of foreigners living in Korea. In addition, most of them were white illustrations, whereas Asian foreign illustrations made up the least, which suggests a different distribution in the Korean context. The study observed significant differences in distribution according to publishers. Second, the gender distribution of multicultural character illustrations differed by 59.0% and 41.0% for men and women, respectively, and the gender variation between publishers was relatively large in which a few publishers accounted for 80% of male multicultural figures. The third pertained to the function of illustrations, that is, the distribution of illustrations of Koreans and multicultural figures was similar in terms of the order of illustrations with explanatory functions followed by exemplary, decorative, and supplementary functions. Finally, from the perspective of diversity in disability, the proportion of illustrations with disability was 2.0%, which was less than the actual proportion in Korea. The study discussed the need to consider the situation and diversity of Korea in terms of race and d isability.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.622-633
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• 2014

This study delineates the process of analyzing the illustrations in high school English I textbook. The goal of this study is to shed light on the issues related to producing better English textbooks. The methods include analysis of the illustrations in the textbook developed under the 2009 Revised National Curriculum and surveys of teachers and students' awareness about them. This study classified common features in the illustrations to devise four analysis criteria: cultural aspects, expression styles, expression techniques, and linguistic functions of the illustrations. The questionnaire was made for both teachers and students. The questions in the survey of teachers were about the relevance to the contents, the layout and formation, learners' interest, cognitive aspects, easiness of teaching and learning, and connectivity with language functions. In the survey of students, familiarity, interest level, learnability, favored expression technique and expression material were considered. The result of the surveys showed that the teachability and learnability are key factors in developing illustrations for English textbooks, and they should look familiar to the students.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2022.01a
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• pp.217-218
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• 2022

인공지능(Artificial Intelligence, 이하, AI) 기술의 발달로 각계각층에서 급진적인 변화를 대비하고 있다. 이에 교육부에서도 2022 개정 교육과정 주요사항에 AI 소양을 새로운 기초 소양으로 제시하였다. 이에 초등학생에게 AI 개념 및 원리를 전달하려는 교재가 많이 개발되고 있다. 교재 및 교과서는 교수·학습 과정에서 필수적인 역할을 수행한다. 그리고 교과서의 내용 요소 중 핵심적인 내용을 함축하는 삽화는 글보다 지식 전달에 효율적이다. 보다 일차원적이고 직관적인 삽화를 통하여 초등학생에게 인공지능 지식을 쉽게 전달하기 위하여 기존 교재에 제시된 삽화의 분석이 필수적이라고 판단하였다. 따라서 교육부와 한국과학창의재단에서 출판된 '학교에서 만나는 인공지능 수업(초등학생용)' 2권에 제시된 삽화를 종류 및 역할별로 분류하였다. 삽화의 종류 중 그림과 사진의 비중이 컸고, 자료제공을 하는 과정에서 삽화가 다수 사용되었다. 본 논문을 통하여 인공지능 교재의 삽화에 대한 보충적인 연구가 이루어지길 기대한다.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.183-201
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• 2005

Illustrations and letters are two components of school textbooks. In the case of low grades of elementary school, textbook's illustrations play an important role in learning because many parts of curriculums(lessons) are represented by the visual forms through illustrations. So elementary mathematics textbook's illustrations have to make clear mathematical concepts and principles by visual simplification and bring out of the interest and motivation of elementary school students' learning. In this paper, we analysed the external and content aspects of textbook's illustrations, focusing on the textbook of the second grade. We investigated number, kindness, size, ratio, and clearness of illustrations in regard to external aspects. On the aspects of content, we analysed the role of illustrations and the degree of agreement with contents. Also we classified types of error in the textbook's illustrations and presented examples of errors which was found.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.639-644
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• 2007

This study intended to examine the differences through comparative analysis of the illustrations in the 3rd - 6th grade elementary science textbooks. The analysis of the types and illustrations in the Korean and American textbooks revealed that the textbooks of both countries provide many photographs and illustrations, so as to deliver data mainly in the form of realistic illustration. In Korean textbooks, pictures and cartoons were mainly used with photographs to guide the students into experiments and to enhance their interests and curiosity. In contrast, the American textbooks place more emphasis on diagrams and photographs to train the students in analyzing and interpreting data. The Korean textbooks should place more emphasis on the diagrams in order to encourage elementary school students to analyze and interpret the given data. As a result the addition of more diverse forms of illustrations and the re-organization of illustrations according to the topic should be considered in future Korean textbooks.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.390-396
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• 2008

Storybooks, especially those for children, may contain illustrations. An automated system for generating illustrations would help the production process of storybook publishing. In this paper, we propose a method for automatically generating layouts of objects during generating illustrations. In generated layouts, it is preferred to avoid unnecessary overlap between objects, corresponding to the spatial information in storybooks. We first define a representation scheme for spatial information in natural language sentences using tree structures and predicate-argument structures. Unification of tree structures and Region Connection Calculus are then used to manipulate the information and generate corresponding illustrations.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.18
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• pp.57-72
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• 2010

Textbooks used in Information Society need to use many illustrations and pictures which have positive effect in motivating and triggering students to study. "Pictures mean more than thousands of the word" says that it is significant to use media in class through visual materials. To meet the needs of the times, I examined one of the units, "IV Understanding Humans and Cultural Phenomena", among 7 authorized 'Society Culture' textbooks, so that there are 123 illustrations and 342 pictures that the percentage of them was 35.65% totally in the unit. On the examination of the frequency of using contents in each category, the illustrations are used 59 times (47.96%) in the research activity and the pictures 145 times (42.4%) in the context, which are most frequently used. Also on the examination into the actual states using contents among 'Society Culture' teachers by in-depth interviewing, they often use them when their class starts. And they require more increase in the illustrations than the pictures for easy and clear understanding and need more contents offering in the research activity to help students to study more interesting. Finally, on the result of the analysis of contents used in textbooks, exemplary cases were available to convey enough information without reading the context in the textbook because the proposed illustrations expressed the research activity's subject and the context's subject effectively. Even more, one illustration was able to indicate the sub-unit's subject while also presenting the content to be learned in the unit. However, improper cases included illustrations which are somewhat unrealistic or difficult to understand. Further, there are also some illustrations which are not related to the context. If these points are revised in the future, textbooks would be better.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.157-159
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• 2008

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has been known as a safe and effective therapy for the patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Previous studies on CPAP treatment have often reported significant improvement in mood state in those patients. However, there are very few reports on its potential to induce manic or hypomanic episode in the patients with OSA. We report a case of 34-year-old patient with OSA who developed manic and hypomanic episodes consecutively after CPAP treatment with facial mask. We suggest that CPAP treatment could induce a manic or hypomanic episode in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.317-325
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• 2022

In textbooks, illustrations are used to easily explain concepts and guide the exploration process. Therefore, the illustration should be presented accurately and easily. However, as a result of analyzing previous studies, it was confirmed that there was no research related to illustration analysis at all in the case of the elementary school 'software education' unit. Therefore, among the six practical textbooks developed according to the 2015 revised curriculum, the illustration of the 'software education' unit was analyzed in terms of type, function, and use, and provided guidelines for the adoption of textbooks, curriculum research, and next textbook development. As a result of analyzing six practical textbooks, all textbooks used more than one illustration per page, and the types of illustrations were used in the order of screen capture, picture, picture, table, illustration, illustrative function, and use.