• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.18-27
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aimed to verify the effects of prenatal breast self-massage education on first-time mothers' breastfeeding self-efficacy, breastfeeding adaptation, and breastfeeding practice. Method: The experimental group (n=26) received prenatal breast self-massage education focused on self mamma care (SMC) at 34-36 weeks gestation and 2 weeks later face-to-face. The control group (n=25) was recruited immediately following birth and received usual care. Breastfeeding self-efficacy was measured 4 hours after childbirth and 3 days later, and breastfeeding practice, breastfeeding adaptation, and breastfeeding-related characteristics were measured 2 weeks and 4 weeks after childbirth through online survey. The data were analyzed by $x^2$ test and t-test using SPSS/WIN 24.0. Results: There was no significant difference in breastfeeding self-efficacy of the experimental group at 4 hours after childbirth (t=0.83, p=.410) whereas it was statistically significantly higher at 3 days postpartum (t=2.86, p=.006). There were no significant differences in breastfeeding adaptation between the two groups at both 2 weeks (t=1.76, p=.084) and 4 weeks postpartum (t=0.87, p=.388). For breastfeeding practice a statistically significant difference was found at 4 weeks for the experimental group ($x^2=4.77$, p=.036). Conclusion: This antenatal SMC intervention was found to be a feasible intervention for use in clinical practice.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.678-685
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• 2001

Although breastfeeding is recognized to be vital to the health and well-being of children and women, the rate of breastsfeeding among Korean women has continuously decreased. One barrier to breastfeeding has been identified to be associated with health care providers. Health care professionals do not give sufficient advice and encouragement, next do hospitals provide supportive environments for breastfeeding by separating infants from mothers or providing formula. The purpose of this study was to investigate prenatal breastfeeding education and infant feeding practices in public health centers and baby-friendly hospitals. A telephone survey was carried out on 57 public health centers located in the Seoul and Chungcheong areas and 13 baby-freindly hospitals from February to April in 2000. Among the public health centers, 43.8% offered periodic prenatal education for pregnant women who visited the centers. Most of them used leaflets or pamphlets developed by the Ministry of Health and Welfare or UNICEF. Twenty six percent of the public health centers developed their own educational materials. All of the 13 baby-friendly hospitals gave additional fluids to infants, did not allow mothers and infants to stay together 24 hours a day, and did not foster the establishment of breatfeeding support groups among the mothers. Most of the baby-friendly hospitals gave artificial teats, did not help mothers initiate breastfeeding within a half-hour of birth. Findings indicate that current practices even in the baby-friendly hospitals are not consistent with the '10 steps to success breastfeeding'. Therefore, deliberate efforts should be made to incorporate adequate breastfeeding education into prenatal program in both public health centers and hospitals, and create environments to support breastfeeding in hospitals, even in baby-friendly hospitals.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of choosing the best days for childbirth and to understand the nature and meaning of the experience. The qualitative method of data collection was used, and in-depth face-to-face interview were conducted. Participants included four women who had given the day of birth set as the desired date. Van Manen's phenomenological method was adopted to analyze data. Four theme clusters emerged from the analysis: "The first gift to my baby"; "Collaboration with others for my baby"; "Choosing a date for childbirth such as blueprint of child"; and "Complex feelings." Our findings helped in understanding the experience of Korean women in choosing the best days for childbirth. Health care providers should offer appropriate advice and show sufficient empathy as well as emotional support by considering cultural expectations.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.293-301
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• 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference of self-care and self-efficacy before and after childbirth in pregnant women with diabetes mellitus. Data were collected from 24 May 2018 to 23 May 2020 for 40 pregnant women over the 24th week of pregnancy. The collected data were analyzed by matched paired t-test using the SPSS 27.0 software program. 27 subjects (67.5%) were under the age of 35, and 13 subjects (32.5%) were over the age of 35. Self-care and self-effectiveness scores were lower in postpartum than in prenatal, which was statistically significant (p< .000). Therefore, it is necessary to develop a nursing intervention program to enhance self-care and self-efficacy after childbirth.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.141-151
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• 2019

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the type of Sanhujori subjectivity experienced by husbands of pregnant women, and analyzed the characteristics of each type. Method: Q-methodology was used and 207 statements were extracted. Finally, 37 Q-samples were derived and 40 P-samples used the 9-point scale to distribute statements. Data were collected from March-May 2018 and analyzed using PC-QUANL program. Results: The analysis of factor weights and variables showed that 48.0% of the total variance was explained by three types of subjectivity, namely, 'couple-centered pursuit of women's health', 'expecting emotional recovery and requiring social support', and 'each family makes their own family system' for which the explanatory powers were 38.1%, 5.8%, and 4.1%, respectively. Conclusion: This study is meaningful as it explores Sanhujori from the viewpoint of husbands; its findings can be used to both evaluate Sanhujori service in Korea and provide basic data to develop convergent services for Sanhujori.

• 모자간호학회지
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.21-33
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• 1992

This study was done to investigate how importantly midwives thought of Lamaze Method of Childbirth, how satisfactorily they performed their Lamaze Method of Childbirth and what inhibited their activities from being performed if not done satisfactorily. The subjects of this study were 76midwives at midwifery in Pusan, Deagu, Kyungnam and Kyungbok. Data were collected by using questionaire from Sep. 1 to Sep.30, 1991. The measurement tools was maded by the researcher based on Kim's scale for prenatal nursing activities. The statistical analysis was done with based statistical values likes frequencies, means, standard deviations and advanced methods such as Pearson's correlation coefficient, 1-test, F-test, F-test by using SPSS package program. The results of this study can be summarized as follows ; 1. The results of Investigating perception according to importance degree and performance degree of Lamaze Method of Childbring showed that midwives were slightly below both perception according to importance(2.17) and performance(2.16) of Lamaze Method of Childbirth 2. Inhibiting factors of Lamaze Method of Childbirth were abscence of husband(3.08), lack of teaching room(2.71), and lack of books or literature of Lamaze Method (2.58). 3. There appears to be a positive relation between perception according to importance degree and performance degree of Lamaze Method of Childbirth (r=0.69, P<0.01). There appears to be a negative relation between perception according to importance degree and inhibit factors of performance (r=-0.38, P<0.01). There appears to be a negative relation between performance and inhibit factors of performance (r=-0.22. P<0.01). 4. The item of highest perception defree in prenatal education is 1st, Consultation about sexual life (2.53), End, illustration of the importance of a bath and perinal cleanliness and Avoidance of excessive respiration method and also its comfortable application during uterine contractility(2.45). The item of lowest perception degree is about pregnant symptom sign and predicted date of birth (E.D.C.). On the other hand, The item of highest performance degree is education about nurtrition during pregnacy. 2nd, Illustration of the Importance of a bath and perineal cleanness(2.45). The lowest one is leaching the pregnant woman and her family about the role of husband and her family and also teaching the couple to learn exercise and respiration method (1.84). Though importance perception degree and performance degree is low. Midwives who wert subject in this research shoves that they perform general items concerning prenatal education well. 5. In the relationship between perception according to importance degree of Lamaze Method of Childbirth and the general characteristics of subjects, the differences in mean number of visiting pregnacies for 1 month. 6. In the relationship between performance degree of Lamaze Method of Childbirth and the general characteristics of subjects, the differences in age, marriage, and mean number of visiting pregnancies for 1 month. With the above information we see the importance of midwife prenatal care education and high correlation between performance degree and perception degree. When Lamaze prenatal education is well performed the number of pregnant woman who have follow-up, check-ups increase. Therefore in this research we can validity that there is a relation between Lamaze prenatal education and patient follow-up. This research showes in a situation where if one does not maximally perform a prenatal education there is a possibility that the popular use of midwife activities may encounter obstacles so the education to save new knowledge and training for prenatal education is needed as a function of Lamaze prenatal education, when a special Lamaze education is well performed for the pregnant woman, who follows-up at amidwife clinic. With the above conclusion we can suggest : 1. Continued research which minimized obstacles to Lamaze prenatal education is needed. 2. The official method of midwives is necessary.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.77-87
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• 1971

A study of the knowledge, attitude and practices about the maternal and child health of 305 married women residing in apartments at the Yonsei Community Health area was conducted during the period from November to December 1970 using designed questionnaire with well trained interviewers. The results and findings obtained from the study are summarized as follows: A. Pregnancy and Birth Questions were asked about their last child. 1. 16.4% of the women were pregnant. 2. Among 281 women who had experienced delivery, 48.0% were assisted by doctor or midwisves for their last delivery, while the rest of women delivered their last baby at home without any professional's assistance. The higher the level of education or the greater exposure to mass communication, the more the deliveries were assisted by doctors or midwives. Those women who were born and raised in cities had more deliveries assisted by doctors and midwives than those who were not. 3. Kinds of delivery sheets used. Among 141 cases of home delivery 68% used cement bag paper or vinyl sheets. Three% used nothing and remained used unsterile materials. 4. Among 141 cases of home delivery, 70.2% used scissors. The rest of them used other methods. 5. 47.3% of the women had a rest for one month or more after birth. The higher the level of education, the longer the period of rest was observed. 6. 52.4% of the women fed the colostrum to their babies. This was not related to the mother's education. 7 About half(42.9%) of the women had poor knowledge about a proper diet for the pre and post natal period. B. Child Health 1. Knowledge and practice regarding to the immunization for their children: Most of the women (93.2%) could name at least one kind of immunization. 20.3% could name 6 kinds of immunization. Mothers education level did not influence their ability to name immunizations. 85.2% of children had been immunized at least once. 2. Morbidity of last born children: 48.1% of their last born children were found to have been sick during the last year. Less than half(41.5%) of the sick children were seen by doctor. 3. Counselling at well baby clinic: Most of the women(76.5%) had no counselling for their children. Registration rate at the well baby clinic at the Severance Hospital was 13.2%. 45.9% wanted to visit to the well baby clinic at the Severance Hospital. 4. Weaning Period: 44.6% said that the beginning of the weaning for their last born children was from 6 months to twelve months of age. The most important reason of weaning was the health of both mothers and children. 5. Knowledge and Practice regarding birth and death Registration: 64.6% of the women could name correctly the Ku-office as the place for the registration. Only 29.2% registered the birth of their last born children within 14 days. C. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice regarding to family planning Most: of the women accepted the idea of family planning. 97.7% could name at least one contraceptive method. 35.4% were found to be current users of contraceptive methods. The ideal number of children was 3.1 in average.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.632-642
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate effect of education for breastfeeding on practice of breastfeeding 171 primiparae (experimental group with education 83 and control group without education 88) who gave birth in hospitals located in Taegu City from October 25, 1999 to December 25, 1999 and planned to breastfeed their children after childbirth. The results of this study were as follows. 1) The experimental group's practice rate of breast-feeding was statistically higher than the control group's at the points of two weeks, four weeks, eight weeks and twelve weeks after childbirth(p<0.05). However, the rate at the points of sixteen weeks and twenty weeks after childbirth was higher in the experimental group than in the control group but there was no significant difference between both groups. 2) The experimental group's discontinuance rate of breast-feeding was lower than the control group's at all the points of two weeks, four weeks, eight weeks, twelve weeks, sixteen weeks and twenty weeks after childbirth, and it was statistically significant(p<0.05). The discontinuance rate of breast-feeding at the point of four weeks after childbirth was the highest in both groups. It accounted for 25.5% in the experimental group and 36.8% in the control group. 3) The reason of which the rate appeared to be the highest among those for discontinuance of breast-feeding was the lack of breast milk. The rate accounted for 65.5% in the experimental group and 50.7% in the control group. In conclusion, the study suggested that the education for encouraging breast-feeding provided to the primiparae after childbirth has an positive effect on the practice of breast-feeding.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.89-99
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• 2011

Over the years Korean health care system has improved in delivery of quality care to the general population for many areas of the health problems. The system is now being recognized in the world as the most cost effective one. It is covered by the uniform national health insurance policy for which most people in Korea are mandatory policy holders. Genetic counseling service, however, which is well recognized as an integral part of clinical genetics service deals with diagnosis and management of genetic condition as well as genetic information presentation and family support, is yet to be delivered in comprehensive way for the patients and families in need. Two major obstacles in providing genetic counseling service in korean health care system are identified; One is the lack of recognition for the need for genetic counseling service as necessary service by the national health insurance. Genetic counseling consumes a significant time in delivery and the current very low-fee schedule for physician service makes it very difficult to provide meaningful service. Second is the critical shortage of qualified professionals in the field of medical genetics and genetic counseling who can provide the service of genetic counseling in clinical setting. However, recognition and understanding of the fact that the scope and role of genetic counseling is expanding in post genomic era of personalized medicine for delivery of quality health care, will lead to the efforts to overcome obstacles in providing genetic counseling service in korean health care system. Only concerted efforts from health care policy makers of government on clinical genetics service and genetic counseling for establishing adequate reimbursement coverage and professional communities for developing educational program and certification process for professional genetic counselors, are necessary for the delivery of much needed clinical genetic counseling service in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.1
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• pp.17-29
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• 1991

본연구는 보건관리자로서의 산업간호사의 역할을 뒷받침 할 수 있는 근무조건을 파악하기 위한 기초조사연구이며 산업간호사의 근무조건 개선에 기여코저 한다. 연구방법은 1991년 3월부터 4월까지 서울, 인천, 경기 지역에 위치한 산업장의 건강관리실에 근무하는 산업간호사 131명을 대상으로 설문지를 이용하여 전화 또는 산업간호사회를 통해 자료를 수집하였다. 조사 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 조사대상의 일반적 특성 서울, 경기, 인천지역에 상시근로자수가 300인 이상에 근무하는 산업간호사 배치율은 49.3%로 나타났다. 조사대상의 지역별 분포는 서울이 61개사업장이었고 인천 경기의 순이었다. 또한 산업간호사의 교육수준은 전문대졸이 84.0%이었고, 연령별 분포는 20대가 65.7%이었으며, 규모는 500~999사이가 42.7%였고, 노조가 있는 사업장은 73.3%인 것으로 나타났으며 산업간호사 1인이 근무하는 곳이 90.7%였고 보건관리자가 간호사뿐인 곳이 63.3%이며 1000명이상 근로자를 가진 산업체중 31.9%가 전임산업의나 산업위생사 없이 간호사 혼자서 근무하는 것으로 나타났다. 2) 근로조건 산업간호사는 주당근무시간이 44시간이하인 경우가 59.6%였고, 1부제 근무만하는 경우가 93.1%였으며, 월차휴가는 94.7%가 사용할 수 있었으며, 보수는 기본급이 25~40만원 사이가 69.5%였고 면허수당은 43.8%만 받는 것으로 나타났으며 상여금은 년 600%를 받는 산업장이 42%였고 총급여액이 35~55만원을 받는 경우는 전체의 67.3%를 차지하였다. 또한 연장근로인정여부는 일부만 인정하거나 인정하지 않는 경우가 61.8%였고, 과거경력 은 34.4%가 인정하지 않았고 승진은 66.4%가 불가능한 것으로 나타났다. 산업간호사가 별정직이나 촉탁으로 취업한 경우가 35.1%였고 일반 고졸이나 전문대졸 대우를 받고 있는 경우가 68.9%였다. 또한 전문단체활동 지원정도는 대한간호협회나 산업간호사회지원이 95 %를 넘었으며 산업간호사가 원하는 것 모두 지원하는 경우가 68.7%였으며 회비와 참석 모두를 지원하는 경우가 83.7%였다. 3) 모성보호 산업간호사중 81.7%가 결혼 후 근무가 가능했으며, 94.7%가 생리휴가를 사용할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 산전산후휴가는 76.3%가 사용할 수 있었다. 그러나 결혼후 근무나 산전산후휴가는 명문화되어 있었으나 실제로 이용한 경우는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 산업간호사의 근무시간, 전문단체활동지원은 비교적 좋은 조건이나 보수를 비롯 승진이나 대우, 모성보호에 대한 개선여지가 있음을 보여주었다. 따라서 결혼후 지속근무, 산전산후 휴가제 등이 보장되어야 전문직으로서의 산업간호사 인력확보, 활용이 용이할 것으로 기대된다. 더불어 전문단체의 조직적 활동과 연구, 행동적인 지원이 계속되어져야 할 것을 제언하는 바이다.