• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.325-331
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of dementia attitudes according to dementia education in university students on the recognition of dementia policy, focusing on the mediating effect of dementia knowledge. The participants were 306, 1~2 grad of students of U and K university in 2 G cities. The data were collected from September 1 to 31, 2017, and analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program with t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple stepwise regression. There were significant differences in the education group compared to the non-education group in recognition of dementia policy, dementia knowledge, and dementia attitude according to the subject's dementia education. The level of dementia attitudes, recognition of dementia policy, dementia knowledge and attitudes were more than moderate. The positive correlations among recognition of dementia policy, dementia knowledge and attitudes were significant. Dementia knowledge was a predictor of recognition of dementia policy (t=2.35, p=019) and showed a significant partial mediating effect, and the explanatory power was 17.8%. It is necessary to continuously systematically provide the development and application of dementia education programs for the whole people to raise correct dementia knowledge, positive attitudes toward dementia, and awareness of dementia policies.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.51 no.12
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• pp.1247-1260
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• 2018

This study investigated the effect of arctic oscillation by analyzing the cross-correlation characteristics between the arctic oscillation index (AOI) and the number of typhoons occurred in the North Pacific, the number of typhoons affecting South Korea, total rainfall amount and number of rainy days during the monsoon season in South Korea. For this analysis, the monthly AOI data were transformed into the average data about January and seasonal AOI data representing winter, spring, fall and winter. The typhoon data and monsoon data were all those collected annually. The data period for this analysis was determined to be from 1961 to 2016 by considering the data available. Based on this analysis, it was found that the arctic oscillation has a weak but statistically significant effect on the monsoon characteristics of South Korea. However, the level of effect was not consistent over the data period but varied significantly periodically. For example, the cross-correlation coefficient derived for the recent 10 years was estimated to be higher than 0.8, but was simply insignificant during the 30 years before the last decade. The overall effect of arctic oscillation on the occurrence of typhoon was found to be statistically insignificant, but was also fluctuating periodically to show somewhat significant effect. Finally, it should be mentioned that the effect of arctic oscillation on the typhoon and monsoon had been changing by turns from 1960s to 2000s. However, in the 2010s, it happened that the effect of arctic oscillation has become significant on both typhoon and monsoon in South Korea.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.499-506
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• 2021

Hackers' cyber attack techniques are becoming more sophisticated and diversified, with a form of attack that has never been seen before. In terms of information security vulnerability standard code (CVE), about 90,000 new codes were registered from 2015 to 2020. This indicates that security threats are increasing rapidly. When new security vulnerabilities occur, damage should be minimized by preparing countermeasures for them, but in many cases, companies are insufficient to cover the security management level and response system with a limited security IT budget. The reason is that it takes about a month for analysts to discover vulnerabilities through manual analysis, prepare countermeasures through security equipment, and patch security vulnerabilities. In the case of the public sector, the National Cyber Safety Center distributes and manages security operation policies in a batch. However, it is not easy to accept the security policy according to the characteristics of the manufacturer, and it takes about 3 weeks or more to verify the traffic for each section. In addition, when abnormal traffic inflow occurs, countermeasures such as detection and detection of infringement attacks through vulnerability analysis must be prepared, but there are limitations in response due to the absence of specialized security experts. In this paper, we proposed a method of using the security policy information sharing site "snort.org" to prepare effective countermeasures against new security vulnerability attacks.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.81-92
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• 2021

In this study, we investigated the effects of five EMS lumbar back pressure belts produced on an anatomical basis on lumbar spine stabilization. Five core muscles were selected, including the urinal, vertebral column, endotracheal, external abdominal, and large back muscles, and patterns were designed using a conductive fabric considering the appropriate muscle shape and pain-causing points. We experimented with four motions to examine the effects of different EMS abdominal compression belts on lumbar spine stabilization. Five healthy men in their 20s were selected. The selection conditions include no back pain history for the past three months, no restricted movements through pre-inspection, and the muscular strength of the body should belong to the normal grade. Using SLR, the sequence of experimental actions was chosen from the following but not limited to left-hand, body-hand, and back-line forces. Resting between movements lasted for 2 min, and the experiments were conducted after wearing the EMS abdominal pressure belt. Electrical stimulation was applied for 10 min to increase blood flow and muscle activation. The statistics of the experimental results were analyzed for specific differences by conducting the Wilcoxon and Friedman tests with nonparametric tests. The ranking results of each pattern were successfully assessed in the order of 5, 4, 3, 1, 2 for the five patterns, and we could identify slightly more significant results for experimental behavior associated with each muscle movement. Patterns produced based on anatomy showed differentiated effects when electric stimulation was applied to each muscle in different shapes, which could improve the stabilization of the lumbar spine in everyday life or training to the public. Based on these results, subsequent research would focus on developing smart healthcare clothing that is practical in daily life by employing different anatomical mechanisms, depending on the back pain, to utilize trunk-type tights.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.49-61
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• 2021

The repeated shipboard measurements that have been conducted by the National Institute of Fisheries Science (NIFS) for more than a half century, provide the valuable long-term hydrographic data with high spatial-temporal resolution. However, this unprecedent dataset has been rarely used for oceanic climate sciences because of its reliability issue. In this study, temporal variability of salinity error in the NIFS data was quantified by means of extremely small variability of salinity in the deep layer of the south-western East Sea, in order to contribute to studies on long-term variability of the East Sea. The NIFS salinity errors estimated on the isothermal surfaces of 1℃ have a remarkable temporal variation, such as ~0.160 g/kg in the year of 1961~1980, ~0.060 g/kg in 1981~1994,~0.020 g/kg in 1995~2002, and ~0.010 g/kg in 2003~2014 on average, which basically represent bias error. In the recent years, even though the quality of salinity has been improved, there still remain relatively large bias errors in salinity data presumably due to failure of salinity sensor managements, especially in 2011, 2013, and 2014. On the contrary, the salinity in the year of 2012 was very accurate and stable, whose error was estimated as about 0.001 g/kg comparable to the salinity sensor accuracy. Thus, as long as developing proper data quality control procedures and sensor management systems, I expect that the NIFS shipboard hydrographic data could have good enough quality to support various studies on ocean response to climate variabilities. Additionally, a few points to improve the current NIFS shipboard measurements were suggested in the discussion section.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.296-301
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• 2022

Due to the fact that zirconium based metal-organic frameworks (Zr-MOFs), such as UiO-66, have a large specific surface area and excellent selective adsorption capacity, Zr-MOFs are gaining attention as materials that can provide protection from the attack of chemical warfare agents in battleground. However, most of the metal-organic frameworks have an issue of selective adsorption capacity degraded by water molecules when exposed to the atmosphere, because of the weak metal-organic ligand bonds and the presence of voids. Therefore, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a representative hydrophobic polymer material, was coated on the surface of UiO-66 to enhance the sustainability of the diisopropyl methylphosphonate (DIMP) sorption capacity in the battleground condition. Through the analysis of surface structure and organic functional group distribution of PDMS coated UiO-66, silicon was confirmed to be evenly coated. The contact angle increased by over 30° for the PDMS coated UiO-66, indicating that the hydrophobicity was improved. In addition, both the UiO-66 and PDMS coated UiO-66 were used as adsorbents for DIMP, a similar chemical warfare agent, to investigate the durability of adsorption capacity in a high humidity environment. The PDMS coated UiO-66 showed higher durability of adsorption capacity for 20 days than that of pristine UiO-66.

• Food Science and Industry
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.154-165
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• 2022

Humans have been breeding the mulberry silkworm for the long period of time to obtain silk fabric and nutrient-rich pupae. Currently, silkworm larvae, pupae, and silk-Fibroin hydrolysates are registered as food raw materials, while silkworm feces and Bombyx batryticatus are registered as Korean traditional medicines. Among sericulture products, individually recognized health functional food ingredients include silk-protein acid-hydrolysates for immunity enhancement, Fibroin-hydrolysates for memory improvement, and freeze-dried 5^th instar and 3^rd-day-silkworm powder for lowering-blood sugar. Recently, HongJam produced by steaming and freeze-drying mature silkworms were reported to have various health-promoting effects such as preventing the onset of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, enhancing gastro-intestinal functions, improving skin-whitening and hair growth, and extending healthspan. By consuming silkworm products with various health-promoting effects, it is possible to increase the healthspan of human beings, thereby reducing personal and national medical expenses, resulting in increasing the individual's happiness.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.782-785
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• 2021

In this paper, we propose a personalized cooling management system with thermal imaging camera. The proposed equipment uses a thermal imaging camera to control the amount of cold air and the system according to the difference between the user's skin temperature before and after the procedure. When the skin temperature is abnormally low, the cold air supply is cut off to prevent the possibility of a safety accident. It is economical by replacing the skin temperature sensor with a thermal imaging camera temperature measurement, and it can be visualized because the temperature can be checked with the thermal image. In addition, the proposed equipment improves the sensitivity of the sensor that measures the distance to the skin by calculating the focal length by using a dual laser pointer for the safety of a personalized cooling management system to which a thermal imaging camera is applied. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed equipment, it was tested in an externally accredited testing institute. The first measured temperature range was -100℃~-160℃, indicating a wider temperature range than -150~-160℃(cryo generation/USA), which is the highest level currently used in the field. In addition, the error was measured to be ±3.2%~±3.5%, which showed better results than ±5%(CRYOTOP/China), which is the highest level currently used in the field. The second measured distance accuracy was measured as below ±4.0%, which was superior to ±5%(CRYOTOP/China), which is the highest level currently used in the field. Third, the nitrogen consumption was confirmed to be less than 0.15 L/min at the maximum, which was superior to the highest level of 6 L/min(POLAR BEAR/USA) currently used in the field. Therefore, it was determined that the performance of the personalized cooling management system applied with the thermal imaging camera proposed in this paper was excellent.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.32 no.11
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• pp.908-917
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• 2022

Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a form of systemic immunity that prevents secondary infections of distal uninfected parts of plants by related or unrelated pathogens. SAR is mediated by several SAR-inducing chemicals or mobile signals that accumulate after pathogen infection. Several chemicals that move systemically have already been identified as SAR-inducing factors, despite the fact that the early mobile signal remains unclear. These chemicals can be transported into either the apoplastic or symplastic compartments. Many of the chemicals associated with SAR remain unknown in terms of their transport routes. There is recent evidence that azelaic acid (AzA) and glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) are transported via plasmodesmata (PD) channels, which regulate the symplastic route. In contrast, salicylic acid (SA) is preferentially transported from pathogen-infected to uninfected parts via the apoplast. The pH gradient and SA deprotonation lead to apoplastic accumulation of SA before it accumulates in the cytosol. Moreover, there is evidence that the mobility of SA over a long distance is crucial for SAR and that the partitioning of SA into the symplast and cuticles is controlled by transpiration. Further research has shown that a portion of the total SA in leaves is partitioned into cuticular waxes. The purpose of this review is to discuss the role of SAR-inducing chemicals and the regulation of transport in SAR.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.61-70
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• 2008

Load settlement behaviors and load transfer characteristics of rock-socketed pile subjected bi-directional load at pile tip were investigated using bi-directional pile load tests (BD PLT) performed on ten large-diameter drilled shafts at four sites. Based on test results, additional pile-toe displacement ($w_{bs}$) by coupled soil resistance was analyzed, and thus equivalent top loaded load-settlement curve of pile subjected bi-directional load was proposed by taking into account the coupled soil resistance. Through comparisons with field case studies, it is found that for test piles there exists effect of coupled soil resistance, which is represented by wbs, and thus an equivalent curve obtained by existing uncoupled methods can overestimate bearing capacity of piles by BD PLT. On the other hand, the analysis by the proposed method with soil coupling effect has a considerably larger settlement when compared with the results by uncoupled load transfer method and estimates reasonable load-settlement behaviors of test piles. In case of pile socketed in high strength rocks, however, effects of coupled soil resistance can be neglected.