• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.9
• /
• pp.225-233
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of interpersonal relationship, self differentiation and adjustment to college life as well as to identify the factors influencing the adjustment to college life in nursing students. The study was conducted on 185 nursing students in D and S Province and from November 15th to December 5th 2016. The data was analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and Multiple regression. The mean score of the adjustment to college life was $3.30({\pm}0.49)$ and the interpersonal relationship was $3.73({\pm}0.41)$ and self differentiation was $3.07({\pm}0.32)$. There were positive correlations between adjustment to college life and interpersonal relationship(r=.614, p<.001) and self differentiation((r=.264, p<.001). Significant factors influencing adjustment to college life were interpersonal relationship, self differentiation which explained 39% of adjustment to college life. Based on these findings, programs that develop interpersonal relationship and self differentiation are necessary for college nursing students in order to promote college adjustment.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.156-165
• /
• 2021

The in vitro regeneration was established, and the genetic stability among the mother plants (control) and the micropropagated green plants was evaluated using ISSR markers in Imperata cylindrica 'Rubra', Poaceae which containing important bioenergy plants. Green shoots were multiply induced from growing point culture via callus on MS medium supplemented with 0.01 mg/L NAA and 2 mg/L BA, and the shoots were proliferated on the MS medium with rooting. Rooted plantlets were transplanted to the pot with 100% survival rate. Using ISSR markers, somaclonal variation was analyzed in eight mother plants (control), ten green-regenerant cultivated at culture room (ReR) and ten green-regenerant cultivated at field condition (ReF). All ISSRs produced a total of 97 bands, and the scorable bands varied from one to seven with an average of 4.4 bands per primer. The polymorphism rate of ReRs and ReFs was 4.1% and 3.1% respectively, showing higher rate than that of control (0%). The genetic similarity matrix (GSM) among all accessions ranged from 0.919 to 1.0 with a mean of 0.972. According to the clustering analysis, ReFs and mother plants were divided into two independent groups. The results indicate that no clear genetic diversity was detected among regenerated plants, and ISSR markers were useful tool for identification of somaclonal variation of regenerants.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.41 no.7
• /
• pp.895-900
• /
• 2012

The effects of three fractions, hexane (BHHH), chloroform (BHHC), and ethyl acetate (BHHE), from water extract of Benincasa hispida on the underlying mechanisms of adipogenesis were investigated in 3T3-L1 cells. Intracellular lipid droplets were stained with Oil Red O dye and quantified. Compared to control, lipid accumulation significantly decreased by 11% and 13% upon treatment with BHHC and BHHE, respectively at a concentration of 50 ${\mu}g/mL$. Intracellular triglyceride (TG) levels were also reduced by 21% and 16%, respectively, at the same concentration. To determine the mechanism behind the reductions in TG content and lipid accumulation, glycerol release and expression levels of adipogenic marker genes were measured. The levels of free glycerol released into culture medium increased by 13% and 17% upon treatment with BHHC and BHHE, respectively. In subsequent measurements using real-time polymerization chain reaction, the mRNA levels of $PPAR{\gamma}$, C/$EBP{\alpha}$, and leptin significantly decreased upon treatment with BHHE (45%, 67%, and 35%) in comparison with non-treated control. These results suggest that BHHE inhibits adipocyte differentiation by blocking $PPAR{\gamma}$, C/$EBP{\alpha}$, and leptin gene expression in 3T3-L1 cells, resulting in reduced lipid accumulation, increased glycerol release, and intracellular triglycerides.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.64 no.2
• /
• pp.171-176
• /
• 2021

Aloe has been widely used as a cosmetic and medicinal plant. Until now, several effects such as antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, immunity and whitening of aloe gel extract have been reported, but research on aloe by-products occurring in food processing has not been actively conducted. In this study, we investigated whether the aloe by-product extract from food processing could be used as a functional biomaterial. Cytotoxicity was not seen in both the mixer and press extracts. Inhibition of 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation was detected only in the mixer extract and not in the press. It was confirmed that hyaluronic acid accumulation and tyrosinase inhibition increased according to the treatment concentration of the mixer extract. The antimicrobial activity of the mixer extract was observed in the Porphyromonas gingivalis strain, but not in the Streptococcus mutans strain. Antioxidant activity through DPPH and SOD analysis increased with the concentration of the mixer extract. In summary, it was confirmed that the mixer extract of aloe by-products has the effect of inhibiting adipocyte differentiation, moisturizing, whitening, and antioxidant, suggesting the possibility of using it as a functional bio-material for health drinks or beauty masks.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.716-728
• /
• 2023

The anti-adipogenic activity of Glycyrrhiza uralensis was investigated by examining the effects of its ethanol extract (GUE) on a mouse model with a high-fat diet (HFD) and 3T3-L1 preadipocytes during adipocyte differentiation. GUE administration for eight weeks significantly reduced weight gain in mice fed an HFD. GUE effectively inhibited 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation and lipid droplet accumulation. This inhibitory effect is associated with the downregulation of key adipogenic regulators, including PPARγ and C/EBPα, and the modulation of adipose metabolism regulators, such as Fasn and Fabp4. LC-Q-TOF-MS analysis identified twelve phenolic and flavonoid compounds, including liquiritigenin and licorice saponin, in the GUE. These findings demonstrate that the anti-obesity effect of the GUE is attributed to the biological activity of its phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Therefore, the GUE has potential anti-obesity activity. Moreover, further studies on the isolation of bioactive components from the GUE and the investigation of the underlying molecular mechanisms of the GUE are required to establish its efficacy in metabolic disorders, including obesity.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.298-306
• /
• 2024

This study evaluated the differentiation and protective effects of mixed plant-extract powder in C2C12 muscle cells. Cells were differentiated into myotubes in 2% horse serum (HS)-containing medium with mixed plant-extract powder (MPEP) for 6 days. Treatment with MPEP increased the expression of myogenin and myosin heavy chain (MHC) protein in cells compared with non-treated cells. Differentiated cells were pretreated with MPEP, and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Our results revealed that treatment with MPEP before H₂O₂ treatment increased cell viability and decreased H₂O₂-induced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK). In addition, MPEP attenuated H₂O₂-induced upregulation of Bax, downregulation of Bcl-2, and activation of caspase-9 and -3. These results suggest the MPEP can stimulate C2C12 muscle cell differentiation into myotubes and observe the protective effect of mixed plant-extract powder against muscle oxidative stress. In conclusion, MPEP may be useful as a prevention and treatment material for skeletal muscle disease caused by age-related diseases.

• The Microorganisms and Industry
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.23-27
• /
• 1986

최근까지 후핵세포에 있어서 이러한 불합리 제조합의 예는 상당수가 알려져 있는데 세포분화 과정에 수반되는 체세포 재조합, 효모의 접합형 전환, retroviral DNA의 숙주 DNA로의 삽입, 그리고 여러가지 다양한 종류의 tranposition 현상등이 그것이다. 그러나 비상동 재조합의 분자생물학적 연구는 주로 진핵세포를 대상으로 시작되었는데 그 소재는 주로 bacteriophage의 DNA, 단세포-다형질발현(clonal polymorphism)에 간여하는 유전인자, 그리고 transposable element들이다. 특히 bacterial transposable element는 구조적 특성이 후핵세포의 그것과 상당히 유사하기 때문에 진화의 초기단계에 그 시원을 두고 있으리라 추측되며 넓은 분포, 임상적 중요성, 조작이 용이한 점등의 이유로 많은 연구가 진행되어 왔다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.52 no.5
• /
• pp.441-449
• /
• 2020

The aim of this study was to compare the biological activities of whole-plant (WAE), bulb (BAE), and leaf (LAE) extracts of Allium macrostemon. The antioxidant activities, total polyphenol contents, and anti-adipogenic activities of WAE and LAE were superior to those of BAE, whereas the biological effects of WAE and LAE were similar. Therefore, the effect of LAE on adipogenesis was further investigated. Treatment of preadipocytes with LAE at 100 g/mL resulted in the inhibition of intracellular lipid accumulation by 49.64%. Consistent with this result, quantitative reverse transcription-PCR showed that LAE treatment decreased the gene expressions of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta (C/EBPβ), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), C/EBPα and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1). Thus, LAE attenuates the adipogenesis of preadipocytes by suppressing the expression of adipogenic and lipogenic genes. These results suggest that LAE can be potentially useful as a functional ingredient to prevent obesity in the food industry.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.11 no.9
• /
• pp.3358-3365
• /
• 2010

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Sorbus commixta (SC), Geranium thunbergii (GT) and their mixture (SC:GT=1:1, MIX) on inhibition of bone loss and chondral defect. To examine their activities, we measured the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in human osteoblast-like MG-63 cells and performed tartrate-resistant acid phosphate (TRAP) staining in osteoclast differentiated from Raw264.7 cells. To investigate the influence on chondrocyte differentiation, we performed alcian-blue staining in chondrocyte differentiated from ATDC5 cells. All of SC, GT and MIX did not increase ALP activity in MG-63 cells. However, SC and mixture (SC:GT=1:1, MIX) significantly inhibited osteoclastic differentiation. And they also induced chondrocyte differentiation. These results suggest that SC and GT may have a potential for the treatment of bone loss and chondral defect by suppression of osteoclast differentiation and stimulation of chondrocyte differentiation. Therefore, clarification of their mechanisms and active components will be needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.41 no.2
• /
• pp.161-167
• /
• 2012

To evaluate the anti-obesity effect of Agrimonia pilosa L., this study investigated that ethyl acetate extract from A. pilosa L. (EAAP) suppresses lipid accumulation and inhibits expression of adipogenic marker genes, such as peroxisome proliferator activated receptor ${\gamma}$ (PPAR${\gamma}$), CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein ${\alpha}$ (C/EBP${\alpha}$), glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), and adiponectin in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. We demonstrated that EAAP inhibited adipocyte differentiation and expression of PPAR${\gamma}$ and C/EBP${\alpha}$ mRNA levels in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, EAAP reduced the PPAR${\gamma}$ transcriptional activity stimulated by rosiglitazone in HEK 293T cells and decreased the expression of GLUT4 and adiponectin in 3T3-L1 cells. These results suggest that EAAP inhibits preadipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis by blocking of PPAR${\gamma}$ and C/EBP${\alpha}$ gene expression in 3T3-L1 cells.