• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.566-574
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study was to identify the phylogenetic relationships of the plants in the Korean genus Suaeda and to find out the molecular markers that could confirm the interspecies relationships in the family tree through molecular phylogenetic studies. We used the nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS and the chloroplast DNA matK, psbA-trnH, and trnL-trnF as the molecular markers. We could not distinguish between S. japonica and S. maritima and between S. maritima and S. australis in the ITS region and could not distinguish between S. japonica and S. australis with the base sequence in the psbA-trnH and trnL-trnF region. However, we analyzed the combinations of four molecular marker regions and confirmed that each of five plant species of the genus Suaeda formed the independent line. Therefore, it is considered that combinations of molecular markers would be useful for the analysis of phylogenetic relationships in the genus Suaeda. Further investigations of the ecological and morphological characteristics would be needed to understand the phylogenetic relationship and lineage diversification in the genus Suaeda.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.658-665
• /
• 2011

An wild boar species which has been known as an extinct species on Jeju Island, was recently observed in the surrounding areas of Mount Halla. Based on the molecular techniques, this study examines whether they are crossbred with domesticated pig breeds. Intraspecific genetic relationships with other wild boar populations and molecular sexing were examined as well. Total of four molecular markers on mitochondrial DNA(control region and ND2) and nuclear DNA(MC1R and KIT) were applied to test crossbreeding between with domesticated pig breeds, such as Landrace, Large White, Berkshire, Hampshire, and Duroc. All individuals of wild boar population had identical mtDNA control region(CR) sequences. In addition, the sequences were the same as those of some native pig breeds which are distributed in Northeast China, but different from those previously reported from the Korean Peninsula up to date. These results suggest that this population may have originated from a genetic lineage had been not previously studied and genetically related to Chinese native pig breeds. Molecular sexing results show that there are twice as many females as male. Thus the population is under expansion and its size will dynamically increase if not controlled.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
• /
• 2004.04a
• /
• pp.93-96
• /
• 2004

생태학, 환경공학, 임상진단 둥 여러 생물학 분야에서 미생물의 다양성 연구의 중요성이 대두되고 그 연구가 점증하고 있다. 특히 16S rRNA를 분자지표로한 DNA 염기서열 분석방법이 널리 사용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 16S rRNA의 염기서열 분석과정을 각 단계별로 자동화하고, 생물학자들의 결과 판단이나 사용상의 편의를 도모하기 위하여 웹기반의 미생물 다양성 분석 어플리케이션을 개발하였다. 개발을 위하여 단계별 자동화 및 인터페이스 개발에 적합한 폴더 프로세스-필터 모델을 고안하고 적용하였다. 제공되는 생물정보분석도구는 서열입력, 서열방향교정, 다중서열정렬 및 가시화, 서열동정 등의 분석등이 있으며, 각 결과는 계통분류도구와 호환가능하도록 하였다. 또한 신생아의 장내 세균총에 대한 분석을 수행하여 개발된 도구의 유용성을 확인하였다. 개발된 웹 에플리케이션은 리눅스 시스템 상에서 Perl 과 CGI를 이용하였으며, http: //home.pusan.ac.kr/~genome/tools/rat.htm으로 접속하여 사용할 수 있다.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.9-15
• /
• 2019

Artiodactyla, which is an even-toed mammal, widely inhabits worldwide. In recent years, wild Artiodactyla species have attracted public attention due to the rapid increase of crop damage and road-kill caused by wild Artiodactyla such as water deer and wild boar and the decrease of some species such as long-tailed goral and musk deer. In spite of such public attention, however, there have been few studies on Artiodactyla in Korea, and no studies have focused on the trend analysis of Artiodactyla, making it difficult to understand actual problems. Many recent studies on trend used text-mining and co-occurrence analysis to increase objectivity in the classification of research subjects by extracting keywords appearing in literature and quantifying relevance between words. In this study, we analyzed texts from research articles of three countries (Korea, China, and Japan) through text-mining and co-occurrence analysis and compared the research subjects in each country. We extracted 199 words from 665 articles related to Artiodactyla of three countries through text-mining. Three word-clusters were formed as a result of co-occurrence analysis on extracted words. We determined that cluster1 was related to "habitat condition and ecology", cluster2 was related to "disease" and cluster3 was related to "conservation genetics and molecular ecology". The results of comparing the rates of occurrence of each word clusters in each country showed that they were relatively even in China and Japan whereas Korea had a prevailing rate (69%) of cluster2 related to "disease". In the regression analysis on the number of words per year in each cluster, the number of words in both China and Japan increased evenly by year in each cluster while the rate of increase of cluster2 was five times more than the other clusters in Korea. The results indicate that Korean researches on Artiodactyla tended to focus on diseases more than those in China and Japan, and few researchers considered other subjects including habitat characteristics, behavior and molecular ecology. In order to control the damage caused by Artiodactyla and to establish a reasonable policy for the protection of endangered species, it is necessary to accumulate basic ecological data by conducting researches on wild Artiodactyla more.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Biology Conference
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.79-80
• /
• 2003

국내의 대부분 도시하천에 우점하여 나타나는 깔따구속(Chironomus)은 국내에 밝혀진 깔따구과(Chironomidae)중에서 가장 다양한 종다양성을 보이며 개체가 상대적으로 크고 사육이 용이하여 생태학, 독성학 및 분자유전학적 재료로 널리 쓰이고 있다. 그러나 깔따구속 각 종간의 성충 및 유충의 형태적 유사성으로 인하여 많은 분류학적 어려움을 안고 있다. 특히 국내에 분포하는 노랑털깔따구(C. flaviplumus)와 요시마쓰 깔따구(C. yoshimatsui)는 성충과 유충에 있어서 많은 변이가 나타나 여러 문헌에서 혼동되어 쓰이고 있는 실정이므로 그들의 분류가 시급한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 전형적인 한국의 도시하천인 서울시 중랑천을 대상으로 그곳에 우점하는 장수깔따구(C. plumosus), 구슬등무늬깔따구(C. circumdatus), 등깔따구(C. dorsalis), 안개무늬깔따구(C. kiiensis), 요시마쯔깔따구의 형태적 유사성 및 차이점을 비교하였다. 채집된 요시마쯔깔따구는 배무늬 및 생식기 형태에서 다양한 변이를 보였으며, Wing length 2.77$\pm$0.17mm (2.53-2.94), Leg ratio(L.R.)가 1.60$\pm$0.05, Antenna ratio(A.R.) 2.84土0.10의 값을 나타냈다. 일부 개체는 A.R.이 3.35로 국내산 노랑털깔따구(A.R. 3.50$\pm$0.11, Ree & Kim, 1981)와 혼란될 수 있으나 이는 요시마쯔깔따구 군집내의 변이로 생각된다. 국내에 기록된 요시마쯔깔따구와 노랑털깔따구는 일본산 요시마쯔깔따구와 노랑털깔 따구가 A.R.값이 각각 3.1과 4.0(Sasa, 1978)으로 구별되는 것과 달리 A.R.에서 큰 차이가 나타나지 않고 배무늬 및 생식기 형태의 변이 폭이 크게 나타나므로 앞으로 전국적인 지역에 분포하는 상기 두 종의 개체군에 대한 비교 연구가 필요하다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.40 no.4
• /
• pp.464-476
• /
• 2022

In recent years, macroalgal bloom occurs frequently in coastal oceans worldwide. It might be attributed to accelerating climate change. "Green tide" events caused by proliferation of green macroalgae (Ulva spp.) not only damage the local economy, but also harm coastal environments. These nuisance events have become common across several coastal regions of continents. In Korea, green tide incidences are readily seen throughout the year along the coastlines of Jeju Island, particularly the northeastern coast, since the 2000s. Ulva species are notorious to be difficult for morphology-based species identification due to their high degrees of phenotypic plasticity. In this study, to investigate temporal variation in Ulva community structure on Jeju Island between 2015 and 2020, chloroplast barcode tufA gene was sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed for 152 specimens from 24 sites. We found that Ulva ohnoi and Ulva pertusa known to be originated from subtropical regions were the most predominant all year round, suggesting that these two species contributed the most to local green tides in this region. While U. pertusa was relatively stable in frequency during 2015 to 2020, U. ohnoi increased 16% in frequency in 2020 (36.84%), which might be associated with rising sea surface temperature from which U. ohnoi could benefit. Two species (Ulva flexuosa, Ulva procera) of origins of Europe should be continuously monitored. The findings of this study provide valuable information and molecular genetic data of genus Ulva occurring in southern coasts of Korea, which will help mitigate negative influences of green tide events on Korea coast.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.14 no.5
• /
• pp.545-550
• /
• 2004

The study of available genotypes (biodiversity analysis) in bacterial communities is of growing importance in several fields such as ecology, environmental technology, clinical diagnostics, etc. These culture-independent genotyping techniques, especially amplifying 16S rRNA genes, attempt to overcome some shortcomings of conventional cultivation method. Biodiversity analysis based on molecular technique were laborious for base-calling chromatogram, trimming primer sites, correcting strand directions, electing representative operation taxonomic units (OTU), etc. Also, biologists wanted intuitively to confirm results of the above processes. For making up these demands, we developed the web application based on Folder-Process-Filter (FPF) modeling with correspondence to classical Model-View-Controller model. The model of web application leads to keep virtues of simplicity and directness for development and management of the stepwise web interfaces. The web application was developed in Perl and CGI on Linux workstation. It can be freely accessed from http://home.pusan.ac.kr/～genome/tools/rat.htm.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.159-168
• /
• 2005

Up to date, a number of review papers were reported on intestinal microorganisms that influence the health and disease of human being and diet that directly influence the establishment of intestinal microbial populations. Importance of studying intestinal microorganisms in the neonate arises from the easy approach to studying initial acquisition and settlement of intestinal microorganisms. Despite of the importance, few studies of neonatal intestinal microorganisms have been carried out and there is no paper focusing the factors to influence the development of intestinal microorganisms and molecular ecological methods for the analysis of intestinal ecosystem in the neonate. In this review, we summarized the status of our current knowledge of basic initial acquisition and settlement of intestinal microorganisms. And recent development of molecular ecological methods in studying the intestinal microbiology was also discussed.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.29 no.5
• /
• pp.693-702
• /
• 2015

In order to identify the species and to reveal the phylogenetic relationship of rook populations found in Jeju-do Province in winter seasons, we determined the sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene and analyzed the genetic structure of maternal lineages and phylogenetic relationship. The rook DNAs were isolated from the post-mortem specimens and plumages collected from agricultural farms in Jeju-do Province including U-do Island. The obtained COI sequences (n=41) showed over 97.0% identities with those previously reported from Corvus frugeligus. Three COI haplotypes (J01-J03) were detected from COI sequences of the rooks obtained in Jeju-do Province but those did not show the site-specific patterns, showing that they might be derived from a common maternal origin. Eight maternal haplotypes were detected from all COI sequences obtained. Among those three haplotypes contained the COI sequences from Northeast Asia including eastern Russia, Mongolia and South Korea. On the other hand, the other five haplotypes contained the COI sequences reported from Central Asia, Middle East, western Russia and European countries. The COI sequences from Jeju-do Province were located on three haplotypes (CF01-CF03) belonging to Northeast Asian rook lineages. The NJ tree showed the distinct branch patterns suggesting two different maternal lineages of C. frugilegus, which proposed as two parapatric subspecies, C. f. frugilegus (Western) and C. f. pastinator (Eastern). These findings using DNA barcoding approaches will be contributed to provide the information about avian fauna for understanding the genetic structure of maternal lineage, phylogenetic relationship and their molecular ecology.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.635-653
• /
• 2012

Vascular plants of Oruem in region of Jeju-City were investigated 454 taxa totally; 116 families, 301 genera, 359 species, 3 subspecies, 78 varieties and 14 forms. In the studied Oruems in region of Jeju-City within altitude 800m, evergreen tree forests does not range and a lot of Pines thunbergii forest and Cryptomeria japonica and Chamaecyparis obtusa plantation forest were. The endemic species of Oruem in region of Jeju-City were 14 taxa such as Asarum maculatum, Hepatica insularis, Cardamine glechomifolia etc. The floristics degree categorized by the specific distribution of plant species were total 116 Taxa, that is, V grade species Magnolia kobus, Aconitum japonicum subsp. napiforme, Ligularia taquetii etc, 6 kinds be, IV grade species Rubus ribisoideus, Ligustrum salicinum, Carex macrandrolepis etc, 16 kinds be, III grade species Illicium anisatum, Hydrangea petiolaris, Rubus schizostylus etc, 37 kinds be, II grade species Pseudostellaria coreana, potentilla dickinsii, Euonymus pauciflorus etc, 6 kinds and I grade species Sphenomeris chinensis, Pteris multifida, Machilus thunbergii etc, be. 51 kinds were confirmed. Rare and Endemic Plant Species of Korea Forest Service were 11 taxa such as Asarum maculatum, Aconitum japonicum subsp. napiforme and Magnolia kobus etc. Naturalized plant were confirmed 31 taxons with Rumex acetosella, Hypochaeris radicata and Sisyrinchium atlanticum etc.