• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.87-120
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• 2011

This paper examines how the levy-grant system for on-the-job training affects individual workers' training level and the subsequent wage growth. Some notable results include: (i) the workers at the firms facing high net benefits (i.e., grant minus levy) receive more firm training indeed, and (ii) training provision raises post-training earnings substantially. All these results are found to be robust to changes in firm size and estimation method.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.152-159
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• 2012

Remodeling the existing building structure by recycling has great advantages compared with reconstruction in terms of environmentally contributions and reduced use of national resources. And no matter the existing floor area ratio, extension up to 30% of the exclusive using area and short project period have made remodeling a good alternative to reconstruction. However, the residents of aged housings that were being remodeled are either abandoning the remodeling project and turning to reconstruction. The main reason is remodeling project cannot increase the number of householders. In principal, it is prohibited to increase the number of floors during remodeling due to matters of safety. That is, all remodeling construction costs are borne by the residents, which leads to great financial pressure. Therefore, in order to improve these conditions, the residents' burden of remodeling charges should be reduced, and one of the ways to do so is to increase the number of householders. In this study, there will be suggestions of alternatives, including the story increase during remodeling, and compare the burden of remodeling charges on each of the residents, between proposed alternatives and the current remodeling plans by calculating the construction costs in order to prepare a foundation for a system that will promote remodeling.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.59-65
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• 2021

Since the 2016 "Housing Act Partial Amendment" and the "2018 Housing Comprehensive Amendment Plan", interest in the pre sale system and post sale system of apartment houses has been on the rise. In order to compare the advantages and disadvantages of the pre sale system and the post sale system of apartment houses, and to establish the basis for the institutional policy of the post sale system, a questionnaire survey method was used for tenants of the apartment house from the public side, and issues of time and cost. The time series analysis method is intended to suggest an appropriate time for payment of contributions. Accordingly, through a review of existing theories and literature, the post sale system of public and private institutions was organized, and through a questionnaire survey, the path to securing pre sale money, product information of the model house, and the degree of awareness of the effect of the post sale system were investigated. For the post sale fund support and payment method, it is necessary to increase the commercial line for existing financiers from the user's point of view, and it is necessary to operate in consideration of the economic power of the pre sale market by region. Both 60% post sale and 80% post sale have a price range of up to KRW 10 million, and the total interest rate is 5.0%, and the annual interest rate is about 2.8% for 60% post sale, and about 2.1% for 80% post sale, which is lower than the current 3.1%. I need an interest rate. The research is a perception survey targeting a total of 5,213 households in a sample of after sale apartments in public institutions. As the actual values are analyzed using a time series on the effects of market supply and demand and market prices, there is a limit to applying them to prospective residents of private apartments. In addition, to respond to first time tenants, a questionnaire survey was conducted on five complexes that have moved in within the last five years.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.213-216
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• 2009

Since adopting 1969 CLC and 1971 FC, IMO increased maximum amount of compensation by adopting protocols of 1969 CLC and 1971 FC. Recently IMO adopted 2003 Supplementary Fund by which the compensation limits increased dramatically to 750 million SDR. Korea government has only entered 1992CLC/FC. However, since the Hebei Spirit incident in 2007, there have been strong claims that Korea government should enter 2003 Supplementary Fund. In this article, feasibility study was carried out to help Korea government decide whether or not entering the Convention. The quantitative analysis has been carried out using data of the past oil spill accidents and contribution fee to IOPC Fund and showed that the benefit was much bigger than costs. The qualitative analysis in relation to resources fix compensation to victims, benefits of consignee, and the status of Korea in IMO also showed that Korea should ratify the 2003 SF.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.22-30
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• 2011

In the planning phase of domestic urban environment maintenance and improvement projects, a particular problem is the increase in service expenses and project cost with the establishment of plans under circumstances that exclude the residents or have incomplete consent from them and the public organization. This delays the promotion of the project. This study aims to resolve such problems by proposing a measure to introduce a privatepublic consultative body for residents and the relevant departments of the public sector, to encourage them to participate and establish plans together from the beginning. This is expected to contribute to the smooth promotion of the project, as it would remove the conflicting factors that are expected to be generated in the project implementation phase before they could emerge.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.6D
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• pp.871-879
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• 2008

Recently, as there are a rise in the standard of living and higher concerns of an electromagnetic wave and environment, undergrounding the aerial cables which are supported by large pylons and generally considered as the least attractive feature of an urban area is on an increasing trend to improve aesthetic benefits and electric reliability. This study applied Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) which is expected to become an effective tool to measure indirect benefit to estimate the substantial benefits of undergrounding overhead power line projects in an urban area. The tunneling construction project of the 345kV Shinsungnam electric power cable in Seongnam city was selected and a hypothetical scenario was given to respondents to determine their levels of Willingness to Pay (WTP) for undergrounding overhead power lines. The result from the estimation of the WTP of undergrounding overhead power lines in Seongnam city was calculated as approximately 17.1 billion won. Placing existing overhead lines underground is difficult to justify economically. Most undergrounding costs appear to be justified by aesthetic and public policy considerations. Therefore, considering the result of this study, undergrounding overhead power lines is of great benefit to public.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2019

With commercial apps popular in EU, MaaS has been emerging around the globe as a new approach to worsening urban traffic problems. In contrast, it is still mainstay in Korea simply discussing the concept and necessities of MaaS, rather than seeking for real-world solutions for the commercialization. The purpose of this research is to analyze the demand-side i1mpacts of travel time and cost changes according to MaaS adoption, and to see its commercial feasibility in Korea. The 2010 KTDB traveler's nationwide OD data is used to estimate the level of fare discount for balancing the mode shift and fare revenue changes followed by MaaS implementation. The analysis results show that MaaS leads to the increase of public transport ridership as a result of the diminishing travel cost and time, and that the time saving works more positively for ridership increase. Also, the optimum level of fare discount is estimated 2.56% without damaging the revenue. This finding reveals that MaaS impact is superior to the other single-sided public transport inventive measures since it can affect both travel cost and time reduction at the same time.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.15-30
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• 2020

Recently, it is increasing a amount of installed solar-cell rapidly, and end-of-life photovoltaic(ELP) modules are generated in according to the reduction of cell efficiency largely. Recycling of ELP modules are begun at an advanced nation already, but there are bring about environmental contamination and resource recovery problems owing to not treated ELP modules because of economic cost completely. First of all, there were researched basic study for treatment conditions of used solar cell inspection, dismantling of aluminum frame, crushing / grinding & separation of tempered glass, removal of back sheet & EVA film, leaching & precipitation recovery of valuable metals and treatment of waste water. Therefore, we establish optimum conditions through carried out of designed apparatus, installation of equipment, test operation & trouble shooting in scale of 1ton/day pilot plant test. Following to economic review, it does have the economic efficiency until to the case of tempered glass recovery, but does not have the economic value in case of total processes until to recover the valuable metals. However, there are guaranteed economic value if we are gained a large amount of the expenses through EPR supported system. It was confirmed the commercialized possibility of ELP modules recycling if there were established on the collecting ELP modules, reusing criteria, economical technology, enactment of directives and enforcement of EPR supported system efficiently.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.79-110
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• 2023

The purpose of this research is to explore the relation between Brexit and division in various areas within the British society. This research can lead to understanding how division of the British society and the decision of Brexit was mutually influenced. The UK's withdrawal from the EU has been explained mainly through the relations between the EU and the UK; therefore, issues of immigration, EU regulation, and the UK's EU rebate are considered as major reasons. In addition, 'British identity' or 'British exceptionalism' existing in the British society and politics for a long time has been regarded as a reason for Brexit. Although it is generally accepted that Brexit results in the division in the British society, the reasons mentioned above have limitation to explain the result of referendum and the division of the British society in the post-Brexit era. In this sense, this research explores the division in various areas - generation, social grade including income and education level, value and region, etc. - revealed in the British society is not the result of Brexit; rather, this research argues division deeply rooted in the British society before referendum is the root cause of Brexit. The division in various areas immanent in the British society for a long time is complicatedly intertwined, and the decision on Brexit by referendum has led to solidifying the division of the British society. Having considered this division in the British society has been expanded to rancour, it is necessary for the UK to establish appropriate policies for national cohesion.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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• 1998.05a
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• pp.11-11
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• 1998

출연기관 감사업무 효율화 방안은 네가지 측면에서 정리하여 볼 수 있다. 첫째, 법률적 측면에서 보면 감사원법에서 출연금은 감사대상에 포함되어 있어 출연기관은 감사제도를 운영하게 되어있다. 둘째, 정책적 측면에서 국회에 의한 국정감사는 연 1 회 총 20일간에 걸쳐 수행되므로 시간적 제약과 함께 지속성, 일관성 있는 적절한 감사가 이루어지기 어려운 측면이 있다. 셋째, 행정적 측면에서의 필요성은 일반적으로 이공계 연구개발 업무를 수행하고 있는 과학기술부 산하의 출연연구소는 정부기관이나 지방자치단체 또는 보조금 지원 기관과는 그 성격이 완연히 다른 연구기관임으로 연구생산성 제고에 적합한, 기관 특설에 맞는 자체 규정의 보완이 필요하다. 마지막으로 사회문화적으로 감사업무는 능률우선주의보다는 서류체계 및 규제중심으로 편향되기 쉬운 특성이 있어 이에 대한 개선방안 노력이 매우 중요하다. 출연기관의 감사기능은 내부.외부감사에 의하여 수행되고 있으나, 감사(監査)의 핵심적 기능은 역시 출연기관 자체의 감사(監事)에 의하여 수행되며 성격상 공정성(Fairness), 객관성(Objectivity), 신뢰성(Reliability)의 확보가 필수적이다. 출연기관 감사제도의 개선방향은 합법성, 합목적성을 근거로 기관운영의 효율성을 제고시키는데 초점을 맞춘 감사제도로 개선되어야한다. 감사조직체계의 개선, 전문 교육의 실시, 동일업무의 기준 마련, 상급기관과의 역할분담 정립 등으로 감사업무의 질적수준 및 효율성을 제고해야 한다. 감사평가제도는 그동안 실시된 사항이 없으므로 긍정적인 측면과 부정적인 측면이 공존하므로 평가제도의 도입 및 적용에 대해서는 보다 심층적인 검토가 필요하다. $[$감사조직의 평가요소$]$ ■ 투입요소측면 - 감사인력 - 장비 및 고정자산 - 예산(년도별) - 정보수집관리 - 조직운영방식 -전통 및 관습 - 관계법령, 규정, 감사업무지침 ■ 산출요소측면 - 감사운영 실적 - 감사보고 실적 - 감사제도 개선 및 자체개혁 실적 - 기관운영 효율화 기여도 - 기관의 연구성과 및 업적 향상 기여도 - 경영관리 고도화 기여도 등의 항목설정이 가능 출연기관 감사업무의 효율화 방안으로 감사제도 개선의 기본방향, 감사조직 및 인력운영의 개선, 감사업무 운영체계의 개선 등을 중심으로 발전방향을 제시하였다. 그러나 여기에서 제시된 개선방안들을 추진하기 위해서는 전문인력을 보강하고 상부체계에서의 수용이 요구되므로 출연기관 권역에서만으로의 힘으로는 한계가 있을 것이며 무엇보다도 감사제도 변화의 필요성과 미래지향적인 환경이 조성되어야 할 것이다.