• Monthly Duck's Village
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• s.67
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• pp.50-58
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• 2009

우리나라 오리산업은 그 규모면에서나 가공, 소비, 유통적인 측명에서 많은 발전을 거듭하였다고 평가할 수 있다. 어떤 산업이 발전하기 위하여는 그 주변여건이 중요한데 우리나라의 오리산업 발전내용은 1991년 수입자유화 이후 저렴한 외국산 오리고기가 수입되면서 국내 오리사육농가들의 어려움이 가중되었으나 우리나라 오리산업을 경쟁력이 있는 산업으로 육성시키기 위한 오리사육농가의 자구책이 오늘의 우리 오리산업을 일정한 수준을 올리는데 기여하였다. 또한 북경오리고기가 우리나라에 들어오면서 가공기술, 요리기술의 발달로 이어지는 현상을 보였다. 그리고 우리나라 오리산업은 부업농에서 전업농으로 전환되는 품목 중 가장 빠른 속도로 발전을 거듭하고 있고 양계라는 품목의 그늘 아래 가려져 있던 오리산업이 부화업, 육오리업, 종오리업, 도압업, 오리털 및 오리육 가공업, 판매업 등으로 세분화되고 있으며, 아울러 이제는 게열화 생산체제로의 발전을 위한 전환기를 맞고 있다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2011

For the improvement of productivity of beekeepers and to develop new management strategy through the analysis of current honeybee-keeping management types and evaluation of related skills and basis in Korea were surveyed. The serial surveys were carried out in 2008 for a total of 253 beekeepers from different localities in Korea. The results revealed that 145.9 colonies of honeybee were managed by each beekeeper in Korea. The beekeepers group who were younger than 55 years possessed 191.7 colonies. The older age group of beekeepers kept rather smaller number of colonies. The career groups over 15 years in apiculture were keeping 176.0 colonies in average. The numbers of bee colonies were not significantly different among localities and educational backgrounds. The migratory apiaries with 145.9 hives were dominant than those fixed ones with 83.0 (p<0.01). It was observed that 57.8% of apiaries were located in the vicinity of farmer's house, whereas 30.3% were managed in mountain area; however older group (65.4%) preferred to keep it near their houses (p<0.05). The proportion (35.7%) of part-time fixed apiary was the highest among four apiary management types. The younger group and high career group operated full-time migratory apiary (38.8% and 40.3%) (p<0.05), respectively. However, the older group and low career group preferred as part-time fixed one (43.2% and 46.6%), respectively (p<0.001). There was no significant difference among localities. The surveyed beekeepers produced propolis, commercial colonies, pollen, royal jelly, and pollination hives in addition to honey. The group of less than 15 years career and mountain apiary mainly produced propolis and pollen. However, those who dwell in small and middle areas mainly produced propolis and commercial colonies. The levels related to beekeeping skills and basis were evaluated as intermediate from 3.11 and 2.86 points on 5 points scale, respectively. More careered group having skill level of 3.33 point and basis level of 3.02 showed higher levels than less careered one. The levels of skill and basis evaluated from age groups and localities were similar with each other with no significance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.121-124
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• 2002

King Oyster(Pleurotus eryngii) is one of the most promising mushrooms produced on the domestic farms. The quality as well as quantity of King oyster is sensitively affected by micro climate factors such as temperature, relative humidity, $CO_2$ concentration, and light intensity. To safely produce high-quality King oysters year round, it is required that the environmental factors be carefully controlled by well designed structures equipped with various facilities and control systems. In this study, we are focusing on carrying out growing experiment to find out reasonable range of each environmental factor together with economic and safe structures influencing on the optimal productivity of king oyster mushroom. The optimal productivity will be evaluated by considering the quality and quantity of mushroom production, energy requirements, facility construction and management cost, etc.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.17-28
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• 2020

The general contractor business in South Korea settled in the railway construction during the Daehan Empire, but depending on the construction intention and circumstances of the railroad, relationship among employer-contractor-subcontractor and their roles under the system of the construction process had changed. At the time of laying the Gyeongin and Gyeongbu-rail, the Empire, which had no capital and technology, passed all the power and responsibility of the rail laying to the contractor, who was involved in most of the process. After this, the empire tried to lay Gyeongui-railroad without the help of other countries. Japan prepared for the Russo-Japanese War and decided to construct the railway rapidly, and completed the railway in parallel with direct management work and contract work. From that time on, the general contractor would only do the work. During the construction of railroad in Daehan empire, the general contract business system was established. The ambiguous process was sorted out and divided. At this time, subjects in charge of design and construction has been divided. The internal organization of the project owner and the contractor were organaized and specialized.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.440-448
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• 2016

This study analyzed the issue and limit of artists's Welfare Law. The issue is about artists' labor, their status, and the process for buying social insurance. In this study, we used the literature method the existing data collection clean up, analysis, and evaluating. The solution plan for the vitalization of the guarantee of social insurance for stage actors is as follows. First, based on social insurance law, is to grant an exceptional status to stage artists. Second, the process for buying social insurance has to be changed to posterior judgement by Ministry of Culture, Sports, and Tourism after buying social insurance through Ministry of Employment and Labor. And when a theater company as a leaseholder rent a theater, it should be mandatory for it to get existing industrial accident compensation law. As a new numerical formula, there are an unemployment insurance numerical formula considering distinct characteristics of artists' labor and a formula of calculating insurance fee for industrial accident compensation. Last, there needs to be an introduction of exceptional method allowing a preparatory period for the production of a play and stage actors' side job.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.21-36
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• 2005

New occupational types, suitable for the elderly, have been developed in order to extend job opportunities for that demographic. However, it was mainly done from the perspective of the urban elderly and did not take into account the rural elderly's needs and the special conditions in rural areas. Especially, as 53.4% of the rural elderly 60 years old and over has engaged in economic activities and 88.7% of them are working in the field of agriculture or forestry, the development on the new kinds of job for the rural elderly is more meaningful as secondary jobs rather than as new occupations. Therefore, this study aimed at developing the new kinds of occupation suitable for the rural elderly. For this purpose, data were collected from 279 elderly farmers 60 years old and over working currently or have ever worked in something other than farming work. Questionnaires were composed to measure preferences for jobs by work characteristics and evaluations on the appropriateness of the jobs for the elderly selected by the Ministry of Labor in Korea. The results showed that the rural elderly preferred work doing at home, together with the elderly, in groups, and light physical labor to technical or office work that must commute regularly. Also, they evaluated that most of the occupations suitable for the elderly announced by the Ministry of Labor were more suitable for the male than the female elderly. Based on these findings, this study selected 18 kinds of individual and 11 common jobs by sex. It may contribute to creating job opportunities for the rural elderly by applying it to the policy or extension, and to revitalizing the rural elderly's lives and increasing their incomes.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.469-476
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• 1991

This study was conducted to investigate the weaning practice of 170 infants, aged 6 to 20 months, in Sockcho city Kangwon province. Informations on the infant feeding were obtained by interviewing mothers in three different pediatric clinics located in Sockcho. In this survey 40.4% of infants were breast-fed, while 44.1% of them were bottle-fed. Among subjects 75.9% of infants began to be weaned within 6 months. Among those who finished weaning aleady, 56.7% of infants fnished weaning 11 to 13 months. Sixty percent of mothers got the nutritional knowledge on infant feeding by the aid of cook book and child care book. Fruit juice was firstly introduced as infant food. The most favorite food for infants was fruit juices which were followed by soup, and e99 Pudding. Cereals were used frequently as infant foods while meat & fish, beans and vegetables were lesser used for infants. For the improvement of nutritional states of infants. nutritional education programmes and development of infant food is needed.

• Korean Journal of Labor Studies
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.309-346
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• 2008

이 논문에서는 호주에서 한국계 이주자가 다수 취업하고 있는 건설산업의 타일직종의 사례를 중심으로 한국계 이주노동자의 노동실태를 밝힌다. 건설현장의 사례조사를 통해 중층적 하청구조의 말단에 편성된 타일노동조직인 노무재하청업체의 작업방식 및 생산성관리, 숙련구분 및 임금결정, 임금수준 등 기타 노동조건을 구체적으로 규명한다. 그리고 이를 호주의 노사관계에서 제도화된 자영청부방식 및 자영청부공의 노동조건 등과 비교한다. 사례조사는 2006년도에 시드니지역 상업용 건축부문의 타일시공현장 두 곳을 대상으로 이뤄졌다. 두 곳의 건축현장 모두 노조가 활동하는 현장임에도 불구하고 한국계 이주 타일노동자는 공식적인 노사관계제도가 적용되지 않는 무협약상태에 있다. 건설산업의 최저 노동조건이라고 할 수 있는 전국재정 마저도 적용되고 있지 않다. 그들이 공식적인 노사관계제도의 적용으로부터 배제된 근본적인 이유는 타일회사로부터 타일시공을 다시 하수급하는 한국계의 노무재하청업체(오야까따)에 고용되어 있기 때문이다. 타일회사나 빌더는 1990년대 후반부터 다수 유입되기 시작한 한국계 타일공을 이와 같은 노무 재하청방식으로 사용하고 있는 것이다. 건설노조는 확대되는 노무재하청에 대해 한국계 타일노동자를 대상으로 한 여권조사, 임시고용비자 및 타일청부면허 취득 캠페인 등의 활동을 통해 불법취업자의 사용을 금지하는 한편 한국의 타일기능공을 자영타일공으로 전환시켜 노사관계 질서를 세우려 하였다. 그러나 이러한 노조의 활동에도 불구하고 기업협약에 의해서 명문으로 금지되고 있는 노무재하청의 관행이 전혀 개선되지 않고 있다. 노무재하청 관행에 대한 건설노조 정책의 가장 곤란한 문제점은 노무재하청을 행하는 당사자인 재하청업자를 한국계 타일노동자 조합조직의 중심으로 하고 있으며, 또 하지 않을 수 없는 점에 있음을 양국 간의 숙련구분 및 임금제도 비교분석을 통해 밝혔다.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.75-81
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• 1979

This study was carried out to select superior dual purpose hens which could spread to poultry farming for subsidiary work and general farmhouse. Three hundred and fifty chicks of 7 kinds of 2-way crossbred from mating of Rhode Island Red, New Hampshire and Australorps were tested for dual purpose performance. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The average viability of brooding, rearing and laying Period hen were 92.3% 98.3% and 93.1% respectively. There was significant difference at 1% level among crossbreds for brooding viability, but other viabilitys were no significant difference. 2. The average body weight of 8 weeks was 854.41g, but there was no significant difference among crossbreds, respectively. Average body weight at 300 days, 500 days were 2507.15g, 2632.25g respectively, but there was significant difference at 1% level among crossbreds. 3. Sexual maturity of individual and 50% egg production were 173.7 days and 199.4 days, respectively. There was significant difference at 5% level among crossbreds. 4. The average hen day egg production was 65.3% and the highest was R.N crossbred (70.5%). There was significant difference at 5% level among crossbreds and average hen housed egg Production was 20.2 eggs and the highest was 220.4 eggs in R.A. crossbred. 5. The average egg weight was 57.36g and the highest was A.N crossbred (58.3g). Therc was no significant difference among crossbreds. 6. The average feed consumption per hen per day by stag. was 42.9g (brooding period), 83.7g (rearing period), 131.1g (laying period). Average feed requirement per 1kg. egg production was 3.79 and th. R.A. crossbred was superiority (3.42). 7. On the basis of the results of this study, the R.A and R.N crossbreds were best for superior dual commercial chicks under farming management conditions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.82 no.4
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• pp.311-318
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• 1993

This study was conducted to obtain necessary information to improve beekeeping farmhouses management and to establish related problem. Using data obtained from 50 beekeeping farmhouses in Korea, current status of management and optimum sales scale were analysed. The results of the study are summarized as follows ; 1. Managers of beekeeping farmhouses are relatively old(64% of them is over 50 years old) and highly educated and experienced(76% of them is in the business more than 10 years). 2. Only a portion of managers(38%) considers beekeeping as a major job, while the rest(62%) involves as a side job working with other agricultural business. 3. Major supply of labor force comes from family group. Total input of family labor is 6.4 months a year. Fourty-four percent of management units is migrating and 56% of them is settled in specific locations. 4. In 1991, the average number of conventional beehive casks per farmhouse is decreased by 2.94 casks but improved-type beehive casks is increased by 13.79 casks. Total number of beehive casks per farmhouse is increased by 12.66 casks during the year. 5. Major cost items of beekeeping farmhouses include bee colony aquisition cost, feeding cost, depreciation cost, wages in an order. The average yearly profit rate of farmhouses is about 29.4%. 6. The break-even point of honey sales is about 3 million won. The optimum sales scale was 52.2l, then average production cost was estimated 53,800Won.