• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.132-142
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• 2004

Most articles of Reactive Attachment Disorder reported Disinhibited Type children adopted from other countries. Reports from only Turkey and Korea focused on Inhibited Type of Reactive Attachment Disorder children whom raised by their own parents and whose symptoms are very similar to Autistic Disorder. Since articles of treatment of Reactive Attachment Disorder, especially for Inhibited Type are very rare, this article informed the author's experiences of treatment for Korean Reactive Attachment Disorder children since 1987. To treat Reactive Attachment Disorder patients and their parents, three important areas must be included : 1) to make a therapeutic environment for a Reactive Attachment Disorder child, 2) to make an attachment between Reactive Attachment Disorder child and his/her mother through individual play therapy, filial therapy, and group therapy with sibling or peer, 3) to catch up developmental delay by speech therapy, cognitive therapy and therapeutic education. This treatment methods can be more easily and more effectively applied to Korean patients than other methods from western countries including USA or England.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.63-86
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• 2008

The study examined whether small group filial therapy for maladjusted young children and their mothers would improve children's interpersonal relationships. Two mother-child pairs participated in the program consisting 12 group parent education sessions by a therapist and 6 sessions of supervised play therapy. All 18 sessions ran 85-90 minutes once a week. Results showed positive changes on initiated interactions, co-play, emotional closeness and manifest joy in mother-child play interactions. Scores of playfulness rated by two trained observers during weekly group play time for the children showed improvement in terms of physical, social, and cognitive spontaneity, manifest joy and humor. Quality of children's interpersonal relationships in routine life of home and preschool was enhanced according to reports of mothers and preschool teachers.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.325-340
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• 2009

The study aims at verifying the parents' and children's changing process while using parents' play therapy in parent education program to improve the relationship between parents and their children. The experimental group consisted of 42 mothers who have preschoolers in the age range of 3-5, and was compared with the control group of 42 mothers. They joined together a series of 8 sessions (2 hours? or 16 hours?) once a week and took pre- and post-test. All of the sessions were recorded with a VCR camera. All the changing process the mothers showed was analyzed qualitatively to see what happened to the mothers and their children by the methods of coding, taxonomic analysis, critical events, componential analysis, and casual chain analysis suggested by Spradley(1980). The analyses showed that the mothers who participated in the program come to take more sympathetic, receptive attitudes to their children, while the children get better in the children's emotional behavioral problems in the qualitative analysis as well as the quantitative analysis.

• Korean Journal of Play Therapy
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.427-448
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• 2018

The study examined the mediated-moderation effect of parental reflection levels from maternal childhood experiences by the parents to mother's reaction to negative emotions of their preschoolers by examining it through the lens of parental role satisfaction. The participants in this study were 327 mothers who and their infants aged 3-6 years. They completed questionnaires on the maternal childhood experiences scale, parental reflection scale, parental role satisfaction scale and mother's reaction to negative emotions of their preschoolers scale. The results of the structural equation model analysis are as follows. First, a mediating model revealed that the relationship between maternal childhood experiences by parents and mother's reactions to negative emotions of their preschoolers was mediated by parental role satisfaction. Second, the results revealed the moderation effect of parents reflection levels on the relationship between maternal childhood experiences by parents and parental role satisfaction. Finally, parental reflection levels were also seen to have a mediated moderation effect of parental reflection level from maternal childhood experiences to mother's reaction to negative emotions of their preschoolers through parental role satisfaction. These results indicate the importance of parental reflection and parental role satisfaction.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.93-106
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• 2017

Objective : The purpose of this study is to provide an evidence for clinical practice by systemic analysis on occupational therapy interventions for improvement of children's play. Methods : Articles used in this study were collected from database of Pubmed, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, Scopus, RISS, KISS, and National Library of Korea. The key words used in the search were "Play AND Occupational Therapy AND (Intervention OR Treatment)" and the publication period was limited from January 2007 to April 2017. 11 articles in total were selected for the systematic review analysis. Results : The results revealed that the majority of studies was one-group non-randomized study and the majority of intervention used was play-based intervention in case of that play itself was the intervention goal. The most frequently used environment for the intervention was parallel setting of home and treatment room. The majority of studies was for children with ADHD and the most commonly used assessment tool was Test of Playfulness (ToP). Dependent variables measured along with play were language skills, social interactive skills, communication and pragmatic skills, problem-solving skills, caregiver responsiveness, and parent-child interaction. Conclusion : This study help to understand the current state of occupational therapy intervention for improvement of children's play. Starting with the understanding, it is expected that various studies on play of children will be done in the future.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.21-38
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to understand mothers' experiences in filial therapy and to investigate them from a phenomenological perspective. For these purposes, three mothers were observed in a filial therapy process from a counselor and researcher perspective from December 2009 to April 23, 2010. After the program, mothers were interviewed and video tape were used in order to a better understand their experiences. Their experiences were analyzed in a format of experience with time, space, relation, and body, and interpreted their meanings. The result of the study shows the follows: Mothers have failed to put a priority on making time for a special play session.; They also had conflicts when they were unable to handle new skills.; They failed to make proper responses; They failed to internalize the space itself; The first intense emotion they felt in a play session was 'awkward.'; They learned what kind of person they were by using new skills through the body.; The method of how mothers formed a relationship with their children revealed itself in play. The meanings of participation in filial therapy can be discussed from two perspectives; 'becoming an observer' and 'taking care of'.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.119-130
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was designed to examine the effects of Therapeutic Play Program on the pre-operative anxiety of the preschoolers. The design of this study is a quasi experimental study of non-equivalent control group pre-test/post-test design. Method: The subjects of this study were the hospitalized preschoolers receiving an operation in C University Hospital. These totalled 60 and were divided into a 30-person-control-group and a 30-person-experimental-group. The data was collected from June 1 to October 5, 2002. The Experimental treatment was carried out according to Therapeutic Play Program developed by Researcher. The instruments used in this study were the observational records for Hospitalized preschooler's Anxiety behavior response, pulse rate, and respiration rate of the preschooler's. The collected data were analyzed with real numbers, percentage, t-test, and $X^2$-test, using SPSS WIN 11.0 program. Result: Hypothesis, "The experimental group provided with a Therapeutic Play Program would show a lower score of the pre-operative anxiety behavior(t=13.79, p=.00), pre-operative pulse(t=4.50, p=.00) and pre-operative respiration rate(t=4.29, p=.00) response than when the control group was not provided", was supported. Conclusion: Therapeutic Play Program is determined to be useful for reducing Pre-operative anxiety of the preschoolers.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.213-225
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• 1999

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate how the play habits, temperament, and environmental factors might affect childhood obesity. Methods : Two hundred sixty children, aged 4 through 6 years living in Seoul & Cheonan were surveyed by a questionnaire about the children's play habit and the parent's related factors such as weight, height, education, income. In addition the Korean version of the Parent Temperament Questionnaire for Children and the Korean version of the Family Environment Scale were also administered to parents of those children. The height and weight of those children were measured and the percentage of body fat was measured by Bioelectrical Impedance Fatness Analyzer. Result : 1) Among 260 children, 25 children were considered to be obese on the basis of both obesity index and percentage of body fat. 2) Parents of obese children showed a significantly higher educational level(p<0.05) and mothers of obese children had significantly more jobs(p<0.05) and showed higher body mass index(p<0.05) than those of nonobese children. 3) By observing play habits of children, obese children spent significantly longer time in watching TV and video(p<0.05), while nonobese children showed a trend to play outside(p<0.1). 4) On the Korean version of the Parent Temperament Questionnaire for Children, obese children showed significantly less activity than nonobese ones(p <0.05). 5) Family of obese children had significantly higher point on subscale of Achievement orientation, Intellectual-cultural orientation and Moral-religious emphasis of the Korean version of the Family Environment Scale(p<0.05). 6) Percentage of body fat of obese children was correlated with children's watching TV time, activity level, scores of Achievement orientation, Intellectual-cultural orientation of the Korean version of the Family Environment Scale and the both parent's education levels(p<0.05). Conclusion : Obese children showed hypoactivity and more watching TV time. And obese children's both parent had higher educational level and their mother had higher Body Mass Index and more jobs. Family of obese children had higher point on items of Achievement orientation, Intellectual-cultural orientation and Moral-religious emphasis. Family environmental factors influence on children's obesity through interaction of genetic and behavioral-psychological factors concomittently.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.65-70
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the child counselling process of a 5-year old girl with anger problem. Her mother had difficult on caring a child. The researcher conducted 47 session of child counseling through child-centered play therapy once per week during 14months for 40 minutes. Parent consultation session follwed for 10 minutes. The child expressed her aggression, control, desire of affection and power during the sessions. As a result, the child's anger decreased, and child-mother relationship improved. Finally, the child successfully adapted new school life. The mother reported that raising children was much easier than before. This study is meaningful that it is a case study of a child's intervention in counseling prior to her entering elementary school. This study showed her adaptive school lifestyle during the beginning of the first year.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.71-75
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the child counselling process of a 6-year old girl. The child has showed inattention and impulsity. Her mother had difficulty on caring a child. The researcher conducted 63 session child counseling through play therapy once per week after tested clinical psychological full battery. During the counseling process, a child showed desire of affection and aggressive and impulsive behavior through the child's leading play. As a result the child's inattention and impulsivity decreased, and child-mother relationship improved. The child could express her feelings to their parents in concrete terms. Finally, the child successfully adapted new school life. The mother reported that raising children was much easier than before, and she decided to have a follow-up counseling once a month. This study is meaningful in that it is a case study conducted during 1 year and 8months since she was 6-year old. The young child becomes primary school girl. In this study, it was confirmed that children had an adaptive school life during the first and second grades.