• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.89-95
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• 2003

A PID controller integrated with a velocity feedback is designed for fluid power elevator model system in this study. In this case, for outside disturbance load a hydraulic cylinder and a pressure control valve are used. In this method overshoot is reduced and settling time becomes also shorter than the values achieved from the PID controller system only In conclusion a PID controller integrated with a velocity feedback is considered a suitable control method for fluid power elevator system.

• Electrical & Electronic Materials
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.1016-1021
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• 1997

Magneto resistance properties in spin-valve sandwiches with various thickness of nanmagnetic layer in contact with the ferromagnetic NiFe film were investigated. The NiFe layer in contact with the NiO film was pinned by strongly exchange-biased coupling and the free NiFe layer at the film surface induced a sharp change in the magnetoresistance at -5~15Oe due to small coercivity. The NiO/NiFe/Cu/NiFe film showed a magnetoresistance ratio in the range of 2.3~2.9% and a field sensitivity above 2.2%/Oe with various of nonmagnetic layer. The NiO/NiFe/Cu/NiFe film of the field sensitivity above 2.2%/Oe suggests stang possibility of magnetic sensor matter.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.103-108
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• 2005

Loading/Unloading task in the real industry is performed by crane, but most of the loading/unloading task with the weight of 5kg∼30kg is done by human workers and this kind of work causes industrial disaster of workers. Therefore it is necessary to develop low cost loading/unloading manipulator system to prevent this kind of industrial accidents. This paper is concerned with the design and fabrication of 2 axis pneumatic manipulators using on/off solenoid valves and accurate position control without respect to the external load and low damping in the pneumatic rotary actuator. To overcome the change of external load, switching of control parameter using LVQNN (Learning Vector Quantization Neural Network) is newly applied, which estimates the external loads in the pneumatic cylinder. As an underlying controller, a state feedback controller using position, velocity and acceleration is applied to the switching control system. The effectiveness of the proposed control algorithms are demonstrated through experiments of pneumatic cylinder with various loads.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.425-425
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• 2023

상수도시스템의 지속가능한 운영을 위해서는 에너지를 효율적으로 활용하는 것이 필수적이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 상수도시스템에서 고압구간의 압력조절을 통해 에너지 측면의 최적 운영기법을 제안하였다. 제안된 최적 운영기법은 마이크로 터빈을 이용하여 에너지 회수를 통한 압력저하와 이로 인한 누수량 저감을 동시에 고려하였다. 본 연구에서 사용한 최적화기법으로는 Multi-objective harmony search 알고리즘을 사용하였으며, 상수도 시스템에서 마이크로 터빈을 모의하기 위해서 EPANET의 압력조절 밸브 (Pressure reduction valve)를 활용하여 압력강하에 따른 에너지 회수를 고려하였다. 제안된 최적운영 기법을 검증하기 위해 Benchmark networks (e.g., 5-nodes network, 25-nodes network)을 적용하였으며, 본 연구를 통해 마이크로 터빈의 최적 규모와 설치위치, 개수를 결정할 수 있으며, 이에 따른 에너지 회수와 누수감소 측면에서 상수도시스템의 지속가능한 운영에 효과적으로 이용될 수 있을 거라 기대된다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.08a
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• pp.169-169
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• 2011

진공펌프의 성능을 나타내는 여러 파라미터가 있지만 가장 중요한 성능지표는 역시 배기속도라고 할 수 있다. 배기속도는 물리적으로 체적유량(volume flow rate, L/s 또는 m3/hr) 즉 단위시간당 펌프 흡기구에 들어오는 기체의 체적을 가리킨다. 펌프 흡기구 단면을 지나가는 체적을 직접 측정하는 것은 거의 불가능하므로 진공 전문가들은 흡기구로 들어가는 기체 유량(flow rate, mbar${\cdot}$L/s 또는 Pa${\cdot}$m3/s)과 흡기구 압력(mbar 또는 Pa)을 측정한 후 유량을 압력으로 나누어 주는 방식으로 배기속도를 측정한다. 유량은 표면 기체 방출을 고려하더라도 실용적인 측면에서 보면 위치에 상관없이 불변하는 값으로 볼 수 있어서 유량을 어떻게 정밀하게 잴 것인가 하는 방법만 있으면 편리한 위치에서 측정하면 된다. 반면에 압력을 정밀하게 측정하는 방식은 확립되어 있지만 막상 어디서 측정하는 것이 옳은가 하는 것은 의외로 쉽지 않다. 펌프의 배기속도를 측정하는 상황을 몇 가지로 가정해 보면, 규격에 입각한 표준용기에 달아 정식으로 재는 것, 게이지가 부착된 마구리판을 달고 간이로 재는 것, 펌프가 사용되고 있는 시스템 현장에서 재는 것이 있을 수 있고 펌프가 달려 있는 상태도 직접 용기에 달거나, 도관 또는 어댑터 및 밸브를 통해 달리는 경우가 있다. 앞에서 펌프 배기속도 계산 시 사용하는 흡기구 압력이란 엄밀히 말하면 흡기구를 바라보는 방향으로 가해지는 압력을 말하는데 이는 진공 게이지를 펌프 흡기구 면에서 상류를 향하도록 놓을 때 얻을 수 있는 값으로 막상 실행하는 것은 어렵다. 표준용기의 구조는 진공 게이지를 특정 위치에 달 때 마치 흡기구 면에 놓인 게이지처럼 흡기구 압력을 정확하게 측정할 수 있도록 고안된 것이지만 때에 따라서는 여러 변형된 측정 방식을 사용할 수밖에 없는 상황이 만들어지므로 어떤 보정을 거치면 올바른 배기속도 값을 구할 수 있는지 살펴볼 필요가 있다.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.185-190
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• 2019

This study aims to apply the mathematical method of fractional order derivatives to the controller that controls the system response. In general, the Laplace transform of the PID controller has an exponent of the integer order of s. The derivative of the fractional order has a fractional exponent of s when it is transformed by Laplace transform. Therefore, this controller proposes a design method with the result of discrete time conversion. Because controllers with fractional exponents of s are not easy to design. This controller is applied to a standard secondary system and its performance is examined. Then, it applies to solenoid valve which is widely used in industrial field. A Luenberger's observer was designed to estimate the disturbance state and the observed state was applied to the fractional order controller. As a result, uniform and precise control performance was obtained. It was confirmed that the position error of the steady state is within 0.1 [%] and the rising time is within about 0.03 [s].

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.22-27
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• 2021

This paper is a purpose to study the failure examples for LPG vehicle. The first example, the researcher certified the incongruity phenomenon decreased engine power by ignition fire leakage because of spark plug threaded part damage assembling in cylinder head. The second example, the timing mark that accurately adjusting the camshaft and crankshaft position were twisted about 0.5 block each other. Finally, the researcher seeked the disharmony phenomenon as it couldn't set ignition timing. The third example, the researcher knew the failure phenomenon by interrupted the closing period for intake valve moving with air flow in the number 3 port of cylinder head as the foreign substance in cylinder head didn't remove. Therefore, the manager of a car has to thorough going inspect and the manufacture of a car must remove the cause of failure with quality assurance.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.765-772
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• 2011

In this research, the fuel cell system model capable of generating codes in real time was developed to construct of a HIL (Hardware-In-the-Loop) for a SOFC-powered ship. Moreover, the effects of the distribution of the exhaust gas flow rates in a stack, the flow rates of fuels and temperature of air supplied on the temperature characteristics of fuels supplied to the cathode and the anode, the output power of the stack and system efficiency are examined to minimize the temperature difference between fuels supplied to the stack used in a 500kW SOFC system using methane as a fuel. As a result, the temperatures of fuels supplied to the cathode and the anode maintain at 830K when the opening factor of three-way valve located at outlet of turbine is 0.839. Also the process for optimization of methane flow rate considering the fuel cell stack and system efficiency is required to increase the temperatures of fuels supplied to the stack.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.61-71
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• 1999

This paper resents a novel cargo system adapted for a sea port subjected to severe time-varying tide. The proposed system can perform loading or unloading by using a sort of hydraulic elevator associated with real-tim position control. As a preliminary phase, a small-sized model of the cargo system is designed and constructed. The model consists of three principal components ; container palette transfer(CPT) car, platform with lifting columns and cargo ship. The platform activated by the electro-rheological(ER) valve-cylinder is actively controlled to track the position of the cargo ship subjected to be varied due to the time-varying tide and wave motion. Following the derivation of the dynamic model for the platform and cargo ship motions, an appropriate control scheme incorporating time sequence and PID(proportional-integral-derivative) controller is formulated and implemented. Both the simulated and the measured control results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed cargo system.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.75-80
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• 2012

In this paper a realistic bounding method for flooding analysis following rupture of large size of thanks and piping is defined. Mass and energy release during main feedwater line break accident is analyzed with RETRAN code. It is modeled that the main feed water control valve is closed in 5.0 seconds after reactor trip. In result of the analysis, largest mass and energy is discharged at 70% reactor power. The flood sources for main feedwater room are calculated when piping failure occurs in the high energy line and medium energy line. Based on the result of flood level (1.43m), it is investigated that all of the safety-related environmental qualification equipments are well located above the flood level.