• Title/Summary/Keyword: 미생물활성

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Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Grape Pomace Fermented by Various Microorganisms (발효 미생물에 따른 포도가공 부산물의 항산화 활성 및 항균활성)

  • Kim, Kyoung-Hee;Yun, Young-Sik;Chun, Se-Young;Yook, Hong-Sun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.41 no.8
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    • pp.1049-1056
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    • 2012
  • The antioxidant activities and antibacterial activities of grape pomace fermented using a variety of useful microorganisms were analyzed. There were several experimental groups: the control, with non-fermented grape pomace; the BS group, fermented by Bacillus subtilis; the LP group, fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum; the LC group, fermented by L. casei; the CU group, fermented by Candida utilis; the Y1 group, fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain CHY1011; the Y2 group, fermented by S. cerevisiae strain ZP 541; and the M group, fermented by a mixed strain culture of LP, LC, and CU. The yield of freeze-dried powder of fermented grape pomace by BS, LP, LC, CU, Y1, Y2, and M was 10.74%, 9.36%, 8.68%, 9.55%, 7.49%, 9.60%, and 9.71% w/w, respectively. The total polyphenol content of grape pomace showed the highest value in the control, but the fermented LP had higher total polyphenol content than those of other fermented grape pomace. The control and fermented LP had 0.16 mg/mL and 0.28 mg/mL as $IC_{50}$ values on DPPH radical scavenging, and 0.22 mg/mL and 0.53 mg/mL of ABTS radical scavenging activity, respectively. The FRAP value (5 mg/mL) showed the highest value on fermented LP (2.44 mM) but did not show a significant difference in the control group (12.27 mM). The fermented LC showed the antimicrobial activities against B. cereus (11 mm), B. subtilis (11 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (12 mm), Escherichia coli (12 mm), Enterobacter cloacae (10.5 mm), Salmonella enterica (11.5 mm), and Pseudomonas aerugionsa (11 mm) at 5 mg/disc, but the control and other fermented grape pomace did not show antimicrobial activities. Thus, fermented grape pomace by LC is shown to be producing a material that has antibacterial activity. In conclusion, grape pomace fermentation using various lactic acid bacteria strains showed excellent effects in promoting the production of functional materials. Especially, using L. casei exhibited an increase in antibacterial activity, and using L. plantarum exhibited antioxidant activity.

Bioremediation of Diesel-Contaminated Soils by Natural Attenuation, Biostimulation and Bioaugmentation Employing Rhodococcus sp. EH831 (Natural attenuation, biostimulation 및 Rhodococcus sp. EH831을 이용한 bioaugmentation에 의한 디젤 오염 토양의 정화)

  • Lee, Eun-Hee;Kang, Yeon-Sil;Cho, Kyung-Suk
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.39 no.1
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    • pp.86-92
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    • 2011
  • Three bioremediation methods, natural attenuation (NA), biostimulation (BS) and bioaugmentation (BA) were applied to remediate diesel-contaminated soil, with their remediation efficiencies and soil microbial activities compared both with and without surfactant (Tween 80). BA treatment employing Rhodococcus sp. EH831 was the most effective for the remediation of diesel-contaminated soil at initial remediation stage. On the addition of surfactant, no significant effect on the remediation performance was observed. A negative correlation was found between the dehydrogenase activity (DHA) and residual concentration of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) at below 20,000 mg-$TPHs{\cdot}kg$-dry $soil^{-1}$, as follows: DHA (${\mu}g$-TPF(Triphenylformazan)${\cdot}g$-dry $soil^{-1}\;d^{-1}$) = -0.02 ${\times}$ TPHs concentration (mg-$TPHs{\cdot}kg$-dry $soil^{-1}$) + 425.76 (2500 ${\leq}$ TPHs concentration ${\leq}$ 20000, p < 0.01).

Comparison of Oligosaccharyltransferase Assay Methods Using a Fluorescent Peptide (형광펩타이드를 이용한 Oligosaccharyltransferase Assay 방법 연구)

  • Kim, Seong-Hun
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.46 no.1
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    • pp.96-103
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    • 2010
  • Oligosaccharyltransferase (OTase) catalyzes the transfer of a lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) to the nascent polypeptide. Most eukaryotes have an OTase composed of a multisubunit protein complex. However, the kinetoplastid Leishmania major and the bacterium Campylobacter jejuni have only a single subunit for OTase activity, Stt3p and PglB, respectively. In this study, a new in vitro assay for OTase was developed by using a fluorescent peptide containing N-glycosylation sequon, Asn-Xaa-Thr/Ser, where Xaa can be any amino acid residue except Pro. L. major Stt3p and C. jejuni PglB as a model OTase enzyme demonstrated the formation of glycopeptides from a fluorescent peptide through OTase activities. For separation and measurement of the glycopeptides produced by the OTases, Tricine-SDS-PAGE, a lectin column and fluorospectrophotometer, and HPLC were applied. Comparison of these assay methods for analyzing a fluorescent glycopeptide showed HPLC analysis is the best method for separation of glycopeptides and nonglycosylated peptides as well as for quantify the peptides than other methods.

Evaluation of Initial Moisture Content Effect and Microorganisms Activity in Small-scale Composting Equipment (소규모 퇴비화 장치에서 초기 함수율의 영향 및 분리 균주의 활성도 평가)

  • Juea, Se-Hong;Kong, Sun-Hyung;Choi, Kwang-Soo;Jeun, Hong-gea;Kim, Chang-Won
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.29-37
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    • 1997
  • Because food waste have high moisture content, landfill or incineration is not most suitable. The reuse of food waste by composting contribute to solve resourse, environmental, aglicultural problems. The purpose of this research is to optimise operating conditions and to develop new microorganisms for recycling of food waste by ultilizing small-scale composting equipment. The reduction rate of food waste was 75~85% by weight, and it was coincided with moisture reduction. When initial moisture was 25%, 45% and 60%, C/N ratio on based net weight was 9.8, 10.7 and 11. 8, respectively. And it was suitable for composting. But, The developed microorganism, PNU2, was better than existing commercial seed in the activity based on $CO_2$ concentration.

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Identification of Inhibitory Effect on Streptococcus mutans by Oleanolic Acid (Oleanolic acid(OA)의 Streptococcus mutans에 대한 저해효과)

  • Yoon, Yo-Han;Choi, Kyoung-Hee
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.321-325
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    • 2010
  • Among endogenous oral microflora, Streptococcus mutans plays a critical role in dental plaque formation, which mainly contributes to the development of caries and periodontal disease. Phytochemicals are plant-derived chemical compounds that have been studied as beneficial nutrients to human health. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of phytochemicals against S. mutans. Among them, oleanolic acid (OA) and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furfural (HF) from Thomson seedless raisins were tested for anti-microbial effects against various clinically important bacteria. OA inhibited the growth of Gram-positive bacteria, but not Gram-negative bacteria. However, HF did not display any antibacterial effect against any of the strains tested. OA also exhibited inhibitory effects in surface adherence and biofilm formation of S. mutans. The results suggest that OA can be utilized as a potential anti-plaque and anti-caries agent by controlling the physiological characteristics of S. mutans on teeth.