• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.23-43
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• 2004

The purposes of this study are, by referring to various previous studies on problem posing, to re-construct problem posing steps and a variety of problem posing learning materials with a problem posing teaching-learning model, which are practically useful in math class; then, by applying them to 4-Ga step math teaming, to examine whether this problem posing teaching-learning model has positive effects on the students' problem solving ability and mathematical attitude. The experimental process consisted of the newly designed problem posing teaching-learning curriculum taught to the experimental group, and a general teaching-learning curriculum taught to the comparative group. The study results of this experiment are as follows: First, compared to the comparative group, the experimental group in which the teaching-teaming activity with problem posing was taught showed a significant improvement in problem solving ability. Second, the experimental group in which the teaching-learning activity with problem posing was taught showed a positive change in mathematical attitude.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2000.10b
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• pp.51-53
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• 2000

기존의 진화 연산의 한계를 극복하기 위해서 탐색점 분포 학습 알고리즘(Estimation of Distribution Algorithm)이 부각되고 있다. 탐색점 분포 학습 알고리즘은 데이터의 분포를 파악하고, 파악된 분포를 이용해서 새로운 학습 데이터를 생성하는 일련의 과정을 통하여 최적화 문제를 해결하는 방법이다. 그런데, 기존의 탐색점 분포 학습 알고리즘들은 대부분 이진 벡터값을 가지는 최적화 문제들만을 대상으로 하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 비감독 확률 신경망 모델인 헬름홀츠 머신을 이용해서 데이터의 분포를 학습하여 연속 함수 최적화 문제를 해결하는 방법을 개발하였다. 테스트 함수들에 대해서 실수 표현형을 사용한 유전자 알고리즘과 결과를 비교하여 제안하는 방법의 우수성을 검증하였다.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.113-139
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to provide informations about cause of failures when students solve word problems by analyzing what errors students made in solving word problems and types of error and features of error according to problem solving strategy. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: First, $5^{th}$ grade students preferred the expressions, estimate and verify, finding rules in order when solving word problems. But the majority of students couldn't use simplifying. Second, the types of error encountered according to the problem solving strategy on problem based learning are as follows; In the case of 'expression', the most common error when using expression was the error of question understanding. The second most common was the error of concept principle, followed by the error of solving procedure. In 'estimate and verify' strategy, there was a low proportion of errors and students understood estimate and verify well. When students use 'drawing diagram', they made errors because they misunderstood the problems, made mistakes in calculations and in transforming key-words of data into expressions. In 'making table' strategy, there were a lot of errors in question understanding because students misunderstood the relationship between information. Finally, we suggest that problem solving ability can be developed through an analysis of error types according to the problem strategy and a correct teaching about these error types.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.151-159
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• 2015

The algorithm in computer science includes skills to design a problem solving process for solving problems efficiently and effectively. Therefore all learners who learn computer science have to learn algorithm. Education for algorithm is effective when learners acquire skills to design algorithm as well as ability to use appropriate design skills solving problems. Especially since it is heightened people awareness to cultivating informatics gifted students who have potential of significant impact on society, many studies on how to teach them have been in progress. Therefore in this study we adopted puzzles to help informatics gifted students learn skills to design algorithm and how to use them to solve problems. The results of pre and post test compared to traditional algorithm learning, we identified that puzzled based algorithm learning gave a positive impact to students. Students had various problem solving experience applying algorithm design skills in puzzle based learning. As a result, students of learning and learning transfer has been improved.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.331-340
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of student-generated questions (SGQs) partially applied in a pathology course on learning motivation, communication abilities, and problem-solving skills in nursing students. A one-group pretest-posttest design was employed to conduct this study with 106 nursing students taking the pathology course in a university-setting. Data were analyzed using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test in SPSS version 20. The results showed that communication and problem-solving skills were significantly improved at the end of the semester compared to the beginning. The findings imply that SGQs could be an effective means to improve nursing students' skills of communication and problem solving. To equip nursing students with such core competencies, teaching-learning methods combined various strategies should be developed and applied to nursing education.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.519-526
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• 2000

In this study, the effects of visual organization and cooperative learning in problem-solving strategy were investigated. Three classes (N=127) at a high school were assigned to SV (Strategy-Visual organization) group, SVC (Strategy-Visual organization-Cooperative learning) group, and control group. After instructions, students' multiple-choice problem-solving ability, strategy performing ability, anxiety about chemistry learning, perception of involvement, and motivation to learning science were examined. Although multiple-choice problem-solving ability was not different significantly, there was a significant main effect in strategy performing ability. The scores of the SV and SVC groups were significantly higher than those of the control group, especially in the subcategories of problem understanding and recalling related principles. In the tests of perception of involvement and motivation to learning science, the scores of the SV and SVC groups were also significantly higher than those of the control group. However, problem-solving strategy using visual organization could not alleviate anxiety about chemistry learning.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2012

The flow of computer education in modern knowledge and information society contains the computer science courses to cultivate the higher-level thinking abilities such as logical thinking skills, creativity, and problem-solving ability of learners. The purpose of this study is to recognize the need to promote the algorithmic thinking power to improve the problem solving ability of learners, to design the algorithm class based on the anchored instruction strategy for elementary school students and to verify the effectiveness. Anchored instruction model and cases are added to the class. Elementary school students were subjects and divided into a control group in which the traditional algorithm teaching method was conducted and an experimental group in which algorithm class was conducted applying anchored instruction. As results, an experimental group has shown improvements on problem solving compared to a control group.

• (The) Korean Journal of Educational Psychology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.1-27
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• 2018

The proposes of this study were to develop the learning consulting model based on creative problem solving and to verify the effects of its implementation. The model was developed based on ADDIE program developing model. In the analysis stage, literature review and needs survey were conducted for data collection on learning consulting at universities including the literature in related fields. Specific areas needed in the learning consulting model were selected from the results of this collected data. During the design and development stage, the learning consulting processes were established. These constituted the learning consulting model developed and it had been based on the Creative Problem Solving. To verify the validity of the learning consulting model based on the creative problem solving, a pilot study was implemented. The model was completed content a validity verification process performed by experts through focus group interviews. The aim this final model is to improve the self-directed learning ability and creative problem solving capacity of the university students. The study results showed that mean scores on self-directed learning ability of the experimental group increased significantly compared to the control group. Based on these findings, the learning consulting model seemed very effective in improving the university students' self-directed learning ability, as well as their creative problem solving capacity. Based on the results of this study, implications and limitations of the final model and its implementation were discussed.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.129-144
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• 2009

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of the use of RNP curriculum based on Lesh translation model on third grade students' understandings of fraction concepts and problem solving ability. Students' conceptual understandings of fractions and problem solving ability were improved by the use of the curriculum. Various manipulative experiences and translation processes between and among representations facilitated students' conceptual understandings of fractions and contributed to the development of problem solving strategies. Expecially, in problem situations including fraction ordering which was not covered during the study, mental images of fractions constructed by the experiences with manipulatives played a central role as a problem solving strategy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2022.11a
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• pp.119-122
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• 2022

연합학습은, 데이터 샘플을 보유하는 다수의 분산 에지 디바이스 또는 서버들이 원본 데이터를 공유하지 않고 기계학습 문제를 해결하기 위해 협력하는 기술로서, 각 클라이언트는 소유한 원본 데이터를 로컬모델 학습에만 사용함으로써, 데이터 소유자의 프라이버시를 보호하고, 데이터 소유 및 활용의 파편화 문제를 해결할 수 있다. 연합학습을 위해서는 통계적 이질성 및 시스템적 이질성 문제 해결이 필수적이며, 인공지능 모델 정확도와 시스템 성능을 향상하기 위한 다양한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 최근, 중앙서버 의존형 연합학습의 문제점을 극복하고, 데이터 무결성 및 추적성과 데이터 소유자 및 연합학습 참여자에게 보상을 효과적으로 제공하기 위한, 블록체인 융합 연합학습기술이 주목받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이더리움 기반 블록체인 인프라와 호환되는 연합학습 레퍼런스 아키텍처를 정의 및 구현하고, 해당 아키텍처의 실용성과 확장성을 검증하기 위하여 대표적인 연합학습 알고리즘과 데이터셋에 대한 실험을 수행하였다.