• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.22-39
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• 2012

This paper is to introduce a 9-step prewriting process based on the definitions of some terms after reviewing the process-based writing approach in view of the problem solving and the engineering design process. Discussion includes the descriptions of some terms for developing the steps, the evolving of the steps, the knowledges and strategies for applying the process, comparison of the process with problem solving approach, recommendation of the repeated practice of the process, and teaching of text level knowledges. The 9-step prewriting process is expected to make both learning and teaching of writing easier in engineering curriculum.

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Information Systems Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.149-164
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• 1997

사례기반형 추론(CBR)은 과거의 경험을 이용해서 문제를 해결하려는 방법으로서 규칙기반형 추론(RBR)과 달리 문제해결경험이 풍부한 도메인에 적합한 방법이다. CBR은 정적인 측면에서 사례의 표현과 구조화문제가 중요시되며, 동적인 측면에서는 사례의 검색 절차와 수정이라는 해결안 생산과정이 중요시된다. 본 논문은 정적 측면에서 효과적인 CAPP 지원을 위해 사례베이스(CB)를 계층적으로 구조화하였다. 또한 CB의 구조화시 시스 템의 문제해결 능력을 향상시켜주기 위하여 CB를 응용도메인 종속적 CB(DDCB)와 독립적 CB(DICB)로 분리하여 과거의 문제해결 경험에 관한 지식은 DDCB에 나타내었으며, 도메인 전문가가 가지는 일반적인 문제해결 지식은 DICB에 나타내었다.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.125-141
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze how pre-service teachers perceive mathematics problems by making good mathematics problems at the elementary school level and applying them to elementary school students. In this study, 86 pre-service teachers enrolled in the second and third grades of A University of Education presented good mathematics problems they thought of. In addition, these pre-service teachers predicted the solution strategies of elementary school students for the proposed mathematics problem and described the teacher's expertise while observing the problem-solving process of elementary school students. As a result of the study, pre-service teachers preferred mathematical problems needed for using mathematical concepts or algorithms, motivation, and open-ended problems as good mathematics problems, and thought that students' in-depth observation and analysis experiences could help improve teachers' problem-solving expertise. In order to enhance teachers' expertise in solving mathematics problems, the researcher proposed for pre-service teachers to observe students' mathematics problem-solving processes, to experience in developing high-quality mathematics problems, and also to distribute high-quality mathematics problems linked to textbook problems.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.123-132
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• 2004

In this paper, we reviewed the history of mathematical problem solving since 1900 and investigated problem solving in modeling perspective which is focused on the 21th century. In modeling perspective, problem solvers solve the realistic problem which includes contextualized situations in which mathematics is useful. In this case, the problem is different from the traditional problems which are routine, close, and words problem, etc. Problem solving in modeling perspective emphasizes mathematizing. Most of all, what is important enables students to use mathematics in everyday problem solving situation.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.196-215
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to develop the instructional process plan and performance assessment instrument to do problem-solving activity for 'Energy and Transportation Technology' unit at the subject 'Technology-Home Economics' in middle school. This study was conducted by the following these stage. First, it was documents research and analysis of the 'Energy and Transportation Technology' unit. Second, topics for transportation technology hands-on and problem-solving activity were selected, and the organized for designed instructional process plan and performance assessment instrument related transportation technology in the development step. Third, developed instructional process plan and performance assessment instrument were conducted in order to amend and improved by expert and have gone through the field test for further improvement. The theme of transportation technology for hand-on and problem-solving activity was 'Created a hovercraft', and were consist of instructional process plan for 8 class period and performance assessment instrument in 4 type of observation, assessment finished, portfolios and student self-assessment.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.19 no.1 s.21
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• pp.15-24
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• 2005

오늘날 제 7차 교육과정은 학습자의 사고과정과 능력을 다양한 평가방식으로 실시하도록 권유하고 있다. 이러한 목적을 구현하기 위하여 수학과 평가는 교수-학습에 유용한 평가, 과정 중심의 평가, 다양한 방법을 활용하는 평가가 되어야 할 것이다. 이는 학습자로 하여금 스스로 학습하도록 가정하는 인식론적 변화에 바탕을 둔 최근의 평가 동향과 맥을 같이 하고 있다. 평가에서 학생의 수학활동 역시 특히 인지적 영역의 다양성을 지닌 개인에 의하여 이루어지기 때문에 수학 평가는 단편적인 정형화된 지식이 아닌 문제 해결의 전략이나 발견술과 같은 요소에서 강조되고 있는 비정형의 문제들을 통한 메타인지적인 발달과정을 고려해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 학생이 준개방형 평가문제를 해결하는 과정을 통해 자신이 얼마나 알고 있는가를 인식하며 자신의 문제 해결 전략을 점검하고 평가하는 인지적 능력에서 일어나는 변화를 알아보는 데 그 목적이 있다. 지금 현재 연구가 진행 중이며 본 연구의 결과는 다음 논문집에 발표할 예정이다.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.149-160
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to analyze the 6th national secondary science curriculum and classroom practices to collect the basic data for developing secondary science program focusing on creative problem-solving ability. The creative problem-solving ability was conceptualized as an active process of producing new solutions to problems and consisted of five components: general knowledge, domain-specific knowledge, motivation, divergent thinking and critical thinking. The research questions were generated as follows: (1) Whether creative problem-solving elements-domain specific knowledge(declarative knowledge and inquiry methods) were included or not in the 6th secondary science curriculum, textbooks and teacher's guide? If so, how are they represented? (2) Whether the teachers tried to enhance divergent and critical thinking of their students. Through content analyses, observations and interviews, these research questions were answered as follows: (1) Inquiry methods, which are important to develop creative problem-solving abilities in science, were underestimated in comparison with declarative knowledge. In other words. inquiry methods were regarded only as tools to understand the scientific concepts and principles. (2) It was hard to find the situations which teachers provided opportunities for divergent and critical thinking to their students. Based on these results, the followings were recommended: (1) Inquiry methods should be regarded as a goal not as a tool and be used to acquire inquiry methods themselves. (2) Teachers should not stick to the prescribed inquiry methods prescribed in the textbook, but to give opportunities for thinking various kinds of inquiry methods to improve divergent and critical thinking.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.282-291
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• 2020

This study was conducted to explore the effects of students' problem solving ability according to the level of structuring of curriculum tasks in PBL activities. The study was conducted on 60 college students in curriculum classes. Problem solving ability was measured at the beginning of the semester. And after the midterm exam, PBL activities were conducted. 30 experimental groups performed unstructured tasks. 30 comparison groups performed semi-structured problems. After the task was completed, problem solving ability was measured at the end of the semester. Collected data were analyzed using ANCOVA. As a result, it was verified that the experimental group had a statistically significant improvement in information collection, evaluation, and feedback level than the comparative group.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.34-47
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to design the curriculum by considering the experimental design and analysis for enhancing an engineer's creative problem-solving ability. This ability is one of the important objectives in modern engineering education. To achieve this purpose, first, it is suggested that the experimental design and analysis, a specific area of engineering education, is highly relevant to the creative problem-solving ability, one of the basic engineering competencies and of the final goals in engineering education. And also, the curriculum already introduced the experimental design and analysis in departments of mechanical engineering of universities are surveyed and reviewed. 59 papers are also analyzed to know how engineers applicate the knowledge of the experimental design and analysis to their activities. Finally, the module of engineering education curriculum introduced the experimental design and analysis to enhance effectively the engineer's creative problem-solving ability is suggested.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.8
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• pp.151-164
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• 1999

우리의 경우 학교수학에서 문제해결이 강조된지도 20여년이 넘었으나 아직도 수학을 혐오하는 학생들이 적지 않은 것 같다. 이러한 우리의 수학교육의 문제점은 여러 가지 측면에서 접근할 수 있으나 본 연구에서는 문제해결의 관점에서 접근하고자 한다. 먼저 수학학습평가와 사회에서의 평가를 문제해결의 관점에서 비교하고, 또 수학과 교육과정과 교과서의 구성내용과 체제를 문제해결의 관점에서 구체적인 예제를 통하여 조사한다. 나아가 최근의 구성주의의 관점에서 수학수업에서 계산기의 도입 가능성을 살펴본다.