• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.53-81
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• 2010

Brand experience has received much attention from considerable marketing research. When consumers consume and use brands, they are exposed to various specific brand-related stimuli. These brand-related stimuli include brand identity and brand communications(e.g., colors, shapes, designs, slogans, mascots, brand characters) components. Brakus, Schmitt, and Zarantonello(2009) conceptualized brand experience as subjective and internal consumer responses evoked by brand-related stimuli. They demonstrated that brand experience can be broken down into four dimensions(sensory, affective, intellectual, and behavioral). Because experiences result from stimulations and lead to pleasurable outcomes, we expect consumers to want to repeat theses experiences. That is, brand experiences, stored in consumer memory, should affect brand loyalty. Consumers with positive experiences should be more likely to buy a brand again and less likely to buy an alternative brand(Fournier 1998; Oliver 1997). Brand attachment, one of dimensions of the consumer-brand relationship, is defined as an emotional bond to the specific brand(Thomson, MacInnis, and Park 2005). Brand attachment is target-specific bond between the consumer and the specific brand. Thus, strong attachment is attended by a rich set of schema that link the brand to the consumer. Previous researches propose that brand attachments should affect consumers' commitment to the brand. Brand experience differs from affective construct such as brand attachment. Brand attachment is based on interaction between a consumer and the brand. In contrast, brand experience occurs whenever there is a direct and indirect interaction with the brand. Furthermore, brand experience is not an emotional relationship concept. Brakus et al.(2009) suggest that brand experience may result in brand attachment. This study aims to distinguish brand experience dimensions and investigate the effects of brand experience on brand attachment and brand commitment. We test research problems with data from 265 customers having brand experiences in various product categories by using multiple regression and structural equation model. The empirical results can be summarized as follows. First, the paths from affective, behavior, and intellectual experience to the brand attachment were found to be positively significant whereas the effect of sensory experience to brand attachment was not supported. In the consumer literature, sensory experiences for consumers are often equated with aesthetic pleasure. Over time, these pleasure experiences can affect consumer satisfaction. However, sensory pleasures are not linked to attachment such as consumers' strong emotional bond(i.e., hot affect). These empirical results confirms the results of previous studies. Second, brand attachment including passion and connection influences brand commitment positively but affection does not influence brand commitment. In marketing context, consumers with brand attachment have intention to have a willingness to stay with the relationship. The results also imply that consumers' emotional attachment is characterized by a set of brand experience dimensions and consumers who are emotionally attached to the brand are committed. The findings of this research contribute to develop differences between brand experience and brand attachment and to provide practical implications on the brand experience management. Recently, many brand managers have focused on short-term view. According to this study, we suggest that effective brand experience management requires taking a long-term view of marketing decisions.

• Archives of design research
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.161-170
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• 1999

In recent days, consumer's product selection various with diverse life style, not simply with income class. This in why diversified demand and diversified products appear in every industry, which means the success or failure of business relies on tis ability to yield the best productivity under the condition of diversification. The purpose of this study is to discuss how an automaker can create its unique identity and brand image in automobile industry and what's brand role and value, under the recognition that clarifying a target market in development process is indispensable to developing a product of higher marketability. By building and applying a product of higher marketability. By building and applying a brand-unique consistent design identity, it's intended to meet the increasing requirements of product attribute for symbolism or sensitivity so as satisfy or exceed customer expectation.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.122-138
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• 2011

This study aims to investigate whether hotel brand personality predicts restaurant loyalty mediated through trust and satisfaction. An experimental design is applied to test six hypotheses that reflect the research questions. The guests who have experienced dining in five star hotels in Seoul are targeted for sampling. A total of 184 faithful cases out of 250 cases have been analyzed. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance, and structural equation modeling (SEM) are employed using the SPSS and AMOS 7. The findings indicate that hotel restaurant customers' loyalty is positively influenced by hotel brand's ruggedness and sophistication. Also, all the variables in brand personality except excitement have a positive impact on hotel restaurant customers' trust. Noticeably, hotel restaurant satisfaction is increased through brand sincerity and sophistication. Finally, both restaurant trust and satisfaction have a positive impact on restaurant loyalty. In conclusion, these findings suggest that hotel practitioners need to develop the influential variables of hotel brand personality to elevate the level of restaurant loyalty.

• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.213-224
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• 2002

We've already living our lives in the 21s1 century. This century, even alone, means enormous changes and innovations. Namely, we have been encountering various forms of generation changes such as digital generation, globalization generation, consumer generation, and brand power generation. Among these, there have been extraordinary changes in consumers and the environment of consumer market, and it is noteworthy of paying attention to the transition of the leader of the consumer market from producers to consumers. Such changes will affect not only all fields related to market environment but also entire fields including future products and sales. Hereupon, it is intended to foresee and analyze the trend in the consumer market of the 21st century and investigate changes in the consumer market and the environment of consumers. Also, the world has brought a single space of economy along with globalization and the era of self-imposed competition, and multi-national enterprises have emerged and, at the same time, their brands can be seen around the world. Hence, they have been trying to maintain their own power brands for the century. In the past, brand meant the name of a product in general. But, in the present, it has another meaning such that the brand itself provides psychological satisfaction and trustworthiness. Hereupon, this study intends to foresee changes in the trend of the consumer market of the 21s1 century, to ,outlook the trend of the consumer market along with study of power brand strategies, and to pursue creative strategies for power brand.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.96-101
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• 2007

Thoughts on beef consumption and Korean beef were surveyed through questionnaire, with 150 housewives living in Seoul and its metropolitan area as subjects. The reasons for buying Korean beef were revealed as taste/quality(56.5%) and sanitation/safety(27.8%). The places of purchase were meat shops(42.3%), department stores, discount stores or super stores(28.1%), and agricultural cooperative stores or livestock cooperative stores(19.9%). The average purchase amount of Korean beef was 0.84 kg and the price was 22 USD(20,944 Won; 1 USD = 950 Won), and 61.7% of consumers thought the price of Korean beef was expensive. The major reason for buying imported beef was indicated as low price(78.0%) and the purchase locations were discount stores, department stores(39.4%) and meat shops (31.1%). When the subjects were surveyed on brands of Korean beef 73.3% had heard of branded beef but only 48% had purchased it. The reasons for buying branded beef were revealed as taste(40.0%) and sanitation(25.2%). When subjects were asked to compare branded beef with general Korean beef, 51.1% gave an answer of 'Very good/Good' for taste and quality, 'Similar' was 22.4% and 'No difference' was 29.9%, suggesting that the trust for branded beef was not strong yet. The important factors for buying branded beef were indicated as quality/taste(54.9%) and sanitation/safety(38.9%) and subjects were willing to pay up to 18.0% more for branded beef compared to the price of general Korean beef.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.352-365
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• 2010

Most of studies concerned with on-line Brand community show that it makes users to increase their brand loyalty and brand attachment. But it wouldn't be explained that on-line brand community could be the field of consumer's public complaining in service failure. So, this study tried to focus the dimensions of negative emotions and customer characteristics that may cause relationship dissolutions in on-line brand community. The findings of the present study following as, high relationship quality of on-line brand community user directly effects negative emotions, especially, disappointment and betrayal. second, disappointment and betrayal influences the desire of revenge. Third, customer's negative reactions (for example, negative replies about the brand or public complaining in community) are mediated by customer's desire of revenge. The analysis was held with brand community customers who has been experienced service recently by using SPSS14K and Smart PLS 2.0. The study verified the structural equation model hypothesizing the between emotional factors and negative reactions. In conclusion, this article provides implications into understanding of customer's negative emotions and user's characteristics that cause negative reactions in on-line brand community. thus, this may allow marketers to have managerial insights on handling of on-line brand community independently operated by consumers.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.163-178
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to find the effect of restaurant brand image upon service quality, price acceptability, and revisit intention, and to propose the importance of brand image to operators and managers who manage restaurants. To accomplish the purpose of this study, sampling was taken among customers who visit six deluxe hotels and six family restaurants in Seoul. Six hundreds questionnaires were distributed to each hotel and restaurant and 487 valid samples were selected for statistical analysis. The questionnaire consists of 77 items about demographical characteristics, brand image, service quality, revisit intention, price acceptability, and spending patterns. SPSS WIN 10.0 was used for statistical analysis. A research model was built up and three null hypotheses were established. Based on theses research model and three null hypotheses, the test was conducted, and the results are as follows. Brand image has an effect upon service quality, and furthermore this can be preceding variable of service quality. Also Service quality has an effect upon price acceptability and revisit intention.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.445-458
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• 2011

This study aims to propose management items and implementation plans that can be used to manage the following topics: what components should be managed to ensure effective implementation of design leadership, which is critical to today's business management? And are all parts of a company established in accordance with the brand concept, thereby ensuring brand-oriented design leadership? Firstly, this study divided the components of design leadership management into, in a broad sense, vision, culture and platform, established sub-components that should be considered in managing each higher component, and suggested implementation plans for each component. Secondly, the implementation plans for each component were classified into workforce structures, development of brand penetration programs, distribution of time and material resources and application of identity programs. Also, each classified item was further categorized and detail implementation plans for each item were suggested. The outcomes of this study can be utilized as guidelines to evaluate whether each component is properly managed in implementing design leadership. It is also expected that these will serve as useful guides for designers, managers and consultants.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.83-94
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• 2012

This study was designed to identify and develop the measurement items of symbolic image (personality) of most preferred Korean companies in adaptation of prior research of brand personality. From the common factor analysis, factors were extracted to five dimensions: Sincerity, Competence, Affection, Excitement, and Sophistication. In this survey, we collected data from the 558 respondents and performed a structural equation model using AMOS 16.0. The result of the confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the measurement model of Korean corporate symbolic image could be effectively used to envision the personality of Korean companies with similar context of brand personality research. Furthermore, this empirical study showed interesting results. One of unique Korean emotions, affection factor, was derived from this research as well and it is also proven that the Korean-corporate symbolic image could be used to measure the corporate personality and it should be continuously reinterpreted with deviation of socio-cultural changes rather than adhering to standardized paradigm.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.426-438
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine whether or not social media could have influence upon diplomatic activities and become effective means of diplomatic communication, focusing on the communication channel of public diplomacy. Study subjects were 301 foreigners from 42 countries in 7 continents, and influencing relationship among the fondness of social media-utilized public diplomacy cultural contents, country images and country brands was examined, together with its effectiveness. The results attained are as follows: First, all independent variable except interactivity and immediacy had significant influencing relationship with the fondness of public diplomacy cultural contents. Second, the fondness of public diplomacy cultural contents had significant influence upon country images, whereas country images had significant influence upon the fondness of country brands and the loyalty of country brands. Based on study findings, the influence of social media as effective means of communication of public of diplomacy policy in the 21st century was confirmed. In addition, This study contribute to expansion of public diplomacy research area from pre-exisiting study and provide basic information to future activities.