• Title/Summary/Keyword: 메밀

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Antimutagenic and Cytotoxic Effects of an Ethanol Extract of Buckwheat Sprout (메밀싹 에탄올 추출물의 항돌연변이원성 및 암세포 성장억제 효과)

  • Cui, Cheng-Bi;Lee, Eui-Yong;Ham, Seung-Shi;Lee, Deuk-Sik
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.51 no.3
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    • pp.212-218
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    • 2008
  • This study was performed to determine the antimutagenic and anticancer effects of ethanol extract of buckwheat sprout using Ames test and SRB assay, respectively. An ethyl acetate fraction (200 ${\mu}/plate$) from the ethanol extract of buckwheat sprout showed inhibition rate of 80.6% against the mutagenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in Salmonella typhimurium TA100 strain. Also the ethyl acetate fraction (200 ${\mu}/plate$) showed higher antimutagenic activity than other fractions against the mutagenesis induced by 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. In addition, the ethyl acetate fraction (200 ${\mu}/plate$) showed high antimutagenic effect of 80.9% and 85.9% against the mutation of TA98 and TA100 strains induced by 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido-(4,3-b)indol (Trp-P-1), respectively. The cytotoxic effects of each solvent fraction from the ethanol extract of buckwheat sprout against human cancer cell lines including lung carcinoma (A549), gastric carcinoma (AGS), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep3B), and colon adenocarcinoma (Colo 205) were investigated. The ethyl acetate fraction of buckwheat sprout ethanol extract at the concentration of 1.0 mg/ml showed strong cytotoxic activities of 70.3, 94.8, 79.6, 82.3, and 73.2% against A549, AGS, MCF-7, Hep3B and Colo 205 cancer cell lines, respectively.

Antithrombin and Thrombosis Prevention Activity of Buckwheat Seed, Fagopyrum esculentum Moench (메밀 종자의 항트롬빈 활성과 혈전증 예방효과)

  • Sohn, Ho-Yong;Kwon, Chong-Suk;Son, Kun-Ho;Kwon, Gi-Seok;Ryu, Hee-Young;Kum, Eun-Joo
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.35 no.2
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    • pp.132-138
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    • 2006
  • Direct thrombin inhibitor, which is effective to prevent or cure the thrombosis, has been investigated in worldwide. In this study, we tried to screen antithrombosis agent from edible or medicinal plant. A strong antithrombin activity was identified from methanol or $95\%$ ethanol extract of buckwheat seeds. The solvent fractionation of buckwheat extracts using hexane, ethylacetate, butanol revealed that the butanol fraction has a prominent antithrombin activity. Thrombin time (blood-clot formation time) exceeded to over $2,000\%$ by addition of the butanol fraction at concentration of $312.5{\mu}g/mL$, whereas thrombin time extended to $336\%$ by addition of aspirin at concentration of $1,500{\mu}g/mL$. The butanol fraction showed anthrone-positive and ninhydrine-negative reaction. The active components were heat-liable, acid-unstable non-proteinous macromolecules (>30 KD). In vivo analysis using ICR male mouse showed that the buckwheat extract was superior than the aspirin in pulmonary thrombosis, KCN-induced coma and death. Our results suggest that the buckwheat is a potential as an antithrombosis agent and medicinal food.

Free Radical Scavenging Activities and Inhibitory Effect on Xanthine Oxidase by Acetone Extract from Buckwheat (수원 5호 메밀 채소 추출물의 유리라디칼 소거 및 Xanthine Oxidase 활성 저해)

  • Kim, Young-Soon;Cho, Jung-Soon;Suh, Hyung-Joo
    • Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.40 no.3
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    • pp.254-258
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    • 1997
  • To examine the characteristics of the antioxidative property of Buckwheat components, acetone extracts from a buckwheat, Suwon 5, was fractionated using five solvents. Hexane, ethylacetate, ether, butanol and water fractions were obtained. Butanol fraction showed the greatest electron donating ability and inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation. It also showed the most excellent activity in the superoxide radical scavenging activity by xanthine/xanthine oxidase-cytochrome c reduction system. Spectrophotogram of butanol fraction was similar to that of rutin. Superoxide radical scavenging activity was related to the contents of rutin. Inhibitory effect of each fraction on xanthine oxidase was also measured. Butanol fraction had the strongest inhibitory effect on xanthine oxidase and $IC_{50}\;was\;3.1\;{\mu}g$. The inhibition type of butanol fraction on xanthine oxidase turned out to be a mixture of the uncompetitive and non-competitive modes.

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Isolation and Characterization of Oligotrophic Strains with High Enzyme Activity from Buckwheat Sokseongjang (메밀 속성장 유래 효소활성 우수 저영양성 균주 분리 및 특성)

  • Lee, Sung-Young;Kim, Ji-Yeun;Baek, Sung-Yeol;Yeo, Soo-Hwan;Koo, Bon-Sung;Park, Hye-Young;Choi, Hye-Sun
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.43 no.6
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    • pp.735-741
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    • 2011
  • Bealmijang is a short-term fermented regional product that is prepared with soybean and extra ingredients. In this study, starter strain candidates were screened from Bealmijang for fermented soybean paste products. Twenty one bacterial strains producing extracellular enzymes (amylase, cellulase, protease, xylanase and lipase) were isolated from Bealmijang, buckwheat sokseongjang. The isolates were assessed for fibrinolytic and antibacterial activities, and salt tolerance. Strain HJ18-4, identified as Bacillus subtilis (AB601598) by biochemical properties (89.6%) and 16S rDNA sequencing (100%), showed the highest enzymatic, fibrinolytic, and antibacterial activities among the isolates. Although the growth of HJ18-4 was inhibited by the increase of NaCl concentration, the growth still exceeded that of B. subtilis KACC 10114 at 5% and 10% NaCl. These results suggest that B. subtilis HJ18-4 is suitable as a starter for soybean paste manufacture.

Study of the Most Common Allergic Foods in Korea (국내 주요 알레르기 원인 식품에 대한 조사)

  • Son, Dae-Yeul;Yoon, Kwang-Ro;Lee, Sang-Il
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.34 no.5
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    • pp.885-888
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    • 2002
  • Prevalence of food allergic disease was examined by identifying the most common foods implicated in allergic reactions in Korea. Patients were subjected to test determining the amount of specific IgE antibody in serum against food allergens by CAP system. A total 9054 CAP analyses on egg white, egg yolk, cow milk, ${\alpha}-lactalbumin,\;{\beta}-lactoglobulin$, casein, wheat, rice, buckwheat, soybean, peach, crab, shrimp, pork, beef, chicken, tuna, salmon, mackerel, and food mix were undertaken. The results were considered to be positive when CAP value was same and/or greater than +2 (0.7 U/mL). Positive results of CAP analyses were 11.3% (1022/9054 cases), consisting of 336 on egg white, 266 on cow milk, 95 on egg yolk, 76 on soybean, 69 on ${\alpha}-lactalbumin$, 61 on casein, 58 on ${\beta}-lactoglobulin$, 39 on buckwheat, 12 on wheat, 3 on beef, 2 on crab, and 1 on rice, shrimp, pork, chicken or mackerel, and 0 on peach, tuna or food mix. Egg, cow milk, soybean, buckwheat, and wheat were identified as the most common allergic foods in Korea, showing an average of two different food sources for allergy per patient.

Studies on the Antioxidative Effect of the Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) Extract and its Protective Role against Cadmiun-mediated Stress (메밀의 항산화 및 카드뮴 방어 효능에 관한 연구)

  • Yoon Chang-Soon;Kim Nam-Hyoung;Jang Jae-Hyung;Sang Kyung Jin;Ko In Young;Choi Shin Wook
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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    • v.31 no.2 s.51
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    • pp.197-206
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    • 2005
  • In the present study, the Chuncheon buckwheat extracts prepared from its seed coats, seeds and stems were used to determine anti-oxidative effects, the content of rutin and phytic acid, and the protective role against cadmium at the cellular level. futhermore, it was evaluated whether the buckwheat, mainly known as a healthy food source, might be applicable to functional cosmetics. Up to $100 {\mu}g/mL$ of the extract was not toxic in HaCaT and B16F10 cell lines using MTT assay. The anti-oxidative capacity of superoxide radicals was shown in seed coats extracts > stem extracts=seed extracts. Although its content of rutin, known as one of effective anti-oxidants, mainly exists in the stem, any extract did not eliminate hydroxyl radicals. Phytic acid, known as a heavy metal-chelate agent, was highly concentrated in the stem. The Chuncheon buckwheat extract had $10\%$ protective effect against the treatment of $50{\mu}M$ cadmium at which $50\%$ of HaCaT cells survived. Confocal laser scanning microscope revealed the intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by cadmium treatment. Finally, we identified that the stem extract had the most protective effect on the elimination of ROS.

Selective Action of Root-Treated Oxyfluorfen and Chlomethoxynil (근부처리(根部處理) Oxyfluorfen과 Chlomethoxynil의 선택작용성(選擇作用性))

  • Lee, Jeung-Joo
    • Korean Journal of Weed Science
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.107-111
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    • 1994
  • Selective action of root-treated oxyfluorfen [(2-chloro-4-thrifluoromethylphenyl)-3'-ethoxy-4'-nitrophenyl ether] and chlomethoxynil [2, 4-dichlorophenyl-3'-methoxy-4'-nitrophenyl ether] were investigated. Oxyfluorfen showed greater activity to all plant species than chlomethoxynil. $^{14}C$-oxyfluorfen was little metabolized in roots of the plant species and more slowly absorbed than $^{14}C$-chlomethoxynil. These results suggest that herbicidal activity of oxyfluorfen at the site of action is higher than chlomethoxynil. In the tested plants, rice, barnyardgrass, sorghum, and corn were absorbed less of the oxyfluorfen and chlomethoxynil than the broad leaf plant species. However, no clear relationship was observed between a degree of tolerance and absorption and metabolism of both herbicides by the plant species.

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Effect of Organic Acid Treatment on the Quality Attributes of Buckwheat Sprout during Storage (유기산 전처리에 따른 메밀 새싹의 저장중 품질변화)

  • Chang, Su-Kyung;Lee, Hyun-Hee;Hong, Seok-In;Han, Young-So
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.42 no.2
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    • pp.190-197
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    • 2010
  • Changes in the quality of buckwheat sprout treated with organic acid solutions such as ascorbic, citric and acetic acid were examined during storage in order to judge the feasibility of acid dipping as a pretreatment for extending shelf-life. Quality attributes of buckwheat sprout stored at $5^{\circ}C$ were measured in terms of microbial cell count, moisture content, soluble solids content, chromaticity, and sensory evaluation over different storage times. For microbial growth inhibition, combinations of 0.05% acetic acid and 0.5% citric acid or 1% ascorbic acid and 0.5% citric acid were more effective than other treatments. Slight changes were observed in moisture content among the treatments, whereas soluble solids content of each treatment was increased during storage. In chromaticity, the Hunter's a value of buckwheat sprout treated with acetic acid alone or acetic acid combinations showed the largest increase. Dipping treatment with ascorbic acid and citric acid produced only slight changes in color of the sprout. In the sensory evaluation of discoloration (head, stem and root), wilting and overall quality, ascorbic acid and citric acid treatments gave the highest scores. These results suggest that dipping treatment of buckwheat sprout with citric acid can confer more positive effects on storage stability than others.

Optimization of the Conditions of Flavonoid Extraction From Tartary Buckwheat Sprout Using Response Surface Methodology (반응표면분석법을 이용한 타타리메밀싹에서 플라보노이드 추출 최적화)

  • Shin, Jiyoung;Choi, Iseul;Hwang, Jinwoo;Yang, Junho;Lee, Yoonhyeong;Kim, So-i;Cha, Eunji;Yang, Ji-Young
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.30 no.12
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    • pp.1101-1108
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    • 2020
  • Tartary buckwheat is a grain with many flavonoids, such as rutin, quercetin, kaempferol, and myricetin. This study aimed to optimize extraction conditions to maximize the rutin, quercetin, and myricetin contents of tartary buckwheat sprout extracts using response surface methodology. A BoxBehnken design containing 15 experiments was employed to evaluate the effects of extraction conditions, such as temperature (X1, 50~70℃), extraction time (X2, 5~9 hr), and ethanol concentration (X3, 60~90%). The coefficients of determination (R2) for all the dependent variables (extraction temperature, extraction time, and extraction ethanol concentration) were determined to be over 0.95, indicating significance. The p-value of the model in lack of fit was over 0.1 than means, indicating that the model was well predicted. The optimal extraction conditions for rutin, quercetin, and myricetin contents were obtained at X1 = 51.03, X2 = 6.62, and X3 = 69.16, respectively. Under these optimal conditions, the predicted rutin, quercetin, and myricetin contents were 808.467 ㎍/ml, 193.296 ㎍/ml, and 37.360 ㎍/ml, respectively. For the validation of the model, ten experiments were performed and the experimental rutin and quercetin contents were measured at 802.84±8.49 ㎍/ml, 193.76±2.80 ㎍/ml, and 34.84±0.43 ㎍/ml, respectively. The experimental rutin and quercetin contents were similar to the predicted contents, but the experimental myricetin content was lower than predicted.