• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.176-181
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• 2008

Purpose: The adipocyte-derived cytokine leptin plays a major role in the control of stable body weight by suppressing food intake and increasing energy metabolism. Leptin regulates the cell proliferation of various epithelial cells and it may be involved in the promotion of cancer. Leptin and its receptor are highly expressed in gastric adenocarcinoma, but the association between the serum leptin level and the tissue expression of leptin is uncertain. We evaluated the serum leptin level and the expressions of leptin and leptin receptor in gastric cancer, and we explore the possible mechanism and role of leptin in the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: 72 carcinomas that were curatively resected at our hospital from October 2005 to March 2007 were included in this study. By immunoassay and immunohistochemical staining, we evaluated the serum leptin level and the expressions of leptin and its receptor, and we analyzed their relationship together with the clinicopathological variables. Results: The serum leptin level was increased as the patient's BMI increased and it was decreased in H. pylori infected patients. The expression of leptin was increased as the TNM stage increased (P=0.014), and the expression of leptin receptor in the intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma was higher than that in the diffuse type gastric adenocarcinoma (71.4% vs 28.6%, respectively, P=0.033). Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between the serum leptin level and expression of leptin in gastric cancer patients. The expression of leptin was associated with the TNM stage, but its role in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer has to be elucidated.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.256-261
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• 2008

Purpose : Leptin and adiponectin are two representative adipocytokines. Leptin increases, but adiponectin decreases, with obesity and insulin resistance. We aimed to study the relationship between the leptin/adiponectin ratio and insulin resistance in healthy children. Methods : Seventy-seven healthy children (36 boys and 41 girls) were enrolled in this study. Anthropometric measurements were performed, and the percentage of weight for height (%WFH) was calculated in each subject. Fasting plasma levels of glucose, insulin, leptin, adiponectin, testosterone, estradiol, and sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were measured. The free androgen index (FAI) was used as a representative of testosterone bioactivity. The homeostasis model assessment was used to estimate the degree of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Results : In the boys, HOMA-IR was significantly correlated with age, pubertal stage, free androgen index (FAI), leptin, and the leptin/adiponectin ratio. HOMA-IR was also significantly related to age, percentage of weight for height (%WFH), pubertal stage, estradiol, leptin, and the leptin/adiponectin ratio in girls. The leptin/adiponectin ratio was independently related to HOMA-IR after adjusting for age, %WFH, and FAI in the boys (P<0.05). The leptin/adiponectin ratio was not independently related to HOMA-IR after adjusting for age, %WFH, and estradiol in girls. Conclusion : In non-obese healthy children, the leptin/adiponectin ratio was significantly correlated with insulin resistance. The leptin/adiponectin ratio was independently related to insulin resistance even after adjusting for age, degree of obesity, and androgen levels in healthy boys.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.8-16
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• 2005

Leptin, the product of the ob gene, is primarily produced and released from adipocytes and acts on the hypothalamus to decrease food intake and increase energy expenditure. Defect in leptin or leptin receptors results in severe metabolic syndromes such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension Evidence suggests that leptin plays beyond a satiety factor; in fact, it is a pluripotent player In regulation of numerous body functions. Although its actions have been relatively well studied in mammals scanty data are available in birds. In this article, recent advances in understanding of the roles of leptin in chicken physiology are reviewed with the focus on the effects on food intake, lipid metabolism, development and reproduction, and stress.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.99-107
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• 2012

Purpose: Most terminally ill cancer patients die from cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome. This study evaluated a prognostic role of plasma leptin levels in terminally ill cancer patients. Methods: This study enrolled 69 terminally ill cancer patients who were aged above 20 years old from July 2009 to July 2010. For univariate analysis, an association between leptin levels and patient's characteristics or other variables was examined using Spearman's correlation analysis, Wilcoxon's rank-sum test or Kruskal-Wallis test, as appropriately. For multivariable analysis, Cox's proportional hazard regression model was used to evaluate a clinical significance of plasma leptin levels as a prognostic factor and to determine factors which affect the risk of death in terminally ill cancer patients. Results: A statistically significant positive correlation between plasma leptin levels and survival time was found. Univariate Cox's proportional hazard regression analyses also showed a moderately significant association between plasma leptin levels and survival time. However, after adjusting variables for sex, white blood cell counts, total bilirubin, AST, ALT, albumin and CRP levels, plasma leptin levels were not significantly associated with survival time. Conclusion: No significant association was found between plasma leptin levels and survival time in terminally ill cancer patients. However, this study suggested a prognostic value of plasma leptin levels in gastrointestinal cancer patients.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.1100-1106
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of Hatha Yoga exercise on serum leptin and metabolic syndrome factors in obese and menopausal middle-aged women. The subjects were 26 obese women divided into the Hatha Yoga exercise group (n=13), which trained for 16 weeks, and the Control group (n=13). Variables of body composition, serum leptin and metabolic syndrome factors were measured in all the subjects before and after the 16-week Hatha Yoga training. The results of the study in the Hatha Yoga group were as follows: body weight, % fat, BMI, WC, WHR and VFA had significantly decreased, but SMM had increased. HDL-C had significantly increased, but leptin, TC, TG, LDL-C, insulin, glucose and HOMA-IR had decreased. The main variables affecting changes in VFA were % body fat, BMI, WHR, TC, LDL-C, glucose, and HOMA-IR. Therefore, regular and continuous Hatha Yoga exercise was effective in improving body composition, visceral fat and serum lipids. Consequently, Hatha Yoga exercise will be effective in preventing cardiovascular disease caused by obesity in obesew and menopausal middle-age women.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.10
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• pp.1585-1591
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to examine how to relate with hypothalamus protein BDNF and mRNA leptin expression, and test the effect of exercise training upon anti-obesity in high-fat induced obese rats. Weight and plasma TC of the high-fat diet group (HF) significantly reduced in comparison to those in the high-fat diet and training group (HF-T), high-fat diet and normal diet group (HF-ND), and high-fat diet, training, and normal diet group (HF-ND+T) (P<0.05). Plasm TG of the HF group significantly decreased in comparison to the HF-ND+T group (P< 0.05). The plasma leptin level significantly reduced in the HF-T group in comparison to the HF group, in the HF-ND group compared to the HF-T group, and the HF-ND+T group in comparison to the HF-ND group (P<0.05, respectively). All groups were significantly increased in hypothalamus BDNF protein expression in comparison to the HF group. In hypothalamus leptin mRNA expression, the HF-T and HF-ND groups reduced, but the HF-NF+T group increased in comparison to the HF group. This result suggests that it shows the effect of exercise training upon anti-obesity in high-fat diet induced obese rats and the combined exercise and/or normal diet may affect the optimal obesity improvement and prevention in appetite and weight control.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.8-13
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Dance Sports on body composition, blood level of lipids and leptin in the middle-aged women. The 24 subjects for this study were divided into three groups by the % fat classification non-obese control group (n=8, CG), obese group with Dance Sports (n=8, OG), and normal group with Dance Sports (n=8, NG). They performed Dance Sports with 60∼80% of HRmax, for 60min a day and three times per week during 12 weeks. The body composition, blood levels of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and leptin were examined before and after Dance Sports. The percent body fat was decreased in OG and NG significantly. The blood levels of HDL-cholesterol were increased in OG and NC after the Dance Sports. The blood levels of triglyceride was significantly decreased in the same groups. Other serum lipids were not changed significantly. The blood levels of leptin were decreased in OG and NC after the Dance Sports. But the lowering effect of Dance Sports in the obese group (OG) was not improved compared with that in the normal group (NG), suggesting that Dance Sports on the obese group (OG) has no further improving effect in the change of blood lipid and leptin. These results suggest that Dance Sports has a beneficial effect on the change of blood levels of HDL-cholesterol and leptin.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.6 s.86
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• pp.859-866
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• 2007

The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise on serum insulin and leptin levels and GLUT-4 and VAMP-2 in skeletal muscles from the pregnant rats. F344 rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 15 in each group): control group (CG), pregnant group (PG), pregnant running group (PR), and pregnant swimming group (PS). From the 15th day of pregnancy, animals in the running group were forced to run on treadmill for 30 min with a light intensity, while those in the swimming group were forced to swim in swimming pool for 10 min once a day for 6 consecutive days. The present result demonstrated that in pregnant rat group, serum insulin levels significantly in-creased and leptin levels significantly decreased. Skeletal GLUT-4 and VAMP-2 protein expression was significantly decreased in pregnant rats compared to non-pregnant rats. However, matenal running during gestational period alleviated pregnancy-induced changes in plasma insulin and leptin levels, and it significantly enhanced skeletal GLUT-4 and VAMP-2 protein expression. From those results, it can be suggested that running exercise during gestational period may improve glycemic control by up-regulating GLUT-4 and VAMP-2 protein expression.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.3374-3382
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 12-weeks' swimming training on BMI, leptin and plasma lipid profiles in limited exercise function and physical activity with cerebral palsy. Swimming training program is scheduled to perform for 12-week and 1h each 4 or more times per week. The results of the this study were as follows; First, Body weight, BMI, total cholesterol, LDL and leptin were slightly decreased trend, although these did not reach statistical significance. HDL was not changed in before vs. after training. Second, in the concentration of plasma triglyceride, after training was significantly higher than before training(p<.05) and free fatty acid level was significantly lower at the after training(p<.001). These results suggest that the 12 weeks' regular swimming program has effect of improving plasma lipid and leptin levels in cerebral palsy. Therefore, we consider that it have effect on prevention of obese-related metabolic diseases in cerebral palsy.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.7
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• pp.722-728
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• 2008

Purpose : This study was designed to examine the effects of adiponectin, leptin, insulin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF binding protein (BP)-3 levels in cord blood on weight, length, and adiposity at birth in healthy term infants. In addition, we evaluated the mechanism to change the hormone levels in appropriate for gestational age (AGA) during the first month. Methods : We collected cord blood from 200 term neonates (109 males, 91 females) with no perinatal problems, and measured the hormone levels and anthropometric parameters including weight, length, and skin-fold thickness. Term neonates were divided into 3 groups as follows: birth weight appropriate for gestational age (AGA) (n=132), birth weight less for gestational age (SGA) (n=29), and birth weight more for gestational age (LGA) (n=39). Venous blood samples of 15 fullterm healthy neonates were obtained at 3, 7, and 30 d after birth. Results : The adiponectin, insulin, and IGF-I levels were significantly lower in the SGA group than in the AGA and LGA groups. The leptin levels were significantly higher in the LGA group than in the AGA and SGA groups. Cord blood adiponectin, leptin, insulin, IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 levels correlated significantly and positively with birth weight and the sum of the skin-fold thickness. A significant positive correlation was observed between adiponectin, leptin, and IGF-I levels and birth weight. Adiponectin level correlated significantly with that leptin level (r=0.191, P=0.038), but not with insulin, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels. IGF-I levels were higher in females than in males. At 7 d after birth, the leptin level decreased along with physiologic weight loss, and then increased. IGF-I, also decreased at 3 d, significantly increased 1 month later. Conclusion : We suggest that adiponectin, leptin, insulin, IGF-I, and IGFBP-3 play an important role in regulating fetal growth. Adiponectin may be involved in regulating fetal growth through mechanisms different from those mediated by insulin or IGF-I. High levels of IGF-I in female neonates indicates a gender difference which serves as evidence for in utero sexual dimorphism. It is likely that IGF-I has a more important role than that of hormones in postnatal growth.