• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.675-681
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• 1997

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary protein and fiber levels on the activities of ethanol metabolizing enzymes of liver in ethanol-treated rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats were fed on diets containing two levels of protein(7, 20%/kg diet) and pectin(5, 10%/kg diet). In ethanol experiments, ethanol(25% v/v) was administered by oral intubation(5g/kg body weight) at the same time once a day Control animals received an isocaloric dose of sucrose. The rats were sacrificed after 5 weeks of feeding periods. Alcohol dehydrogenase and microsomal ethanol oxidizing system activities of hepatic tissue were increased more in ethanol-treated groups than in control groups. Increment of activities predominated in normal protein normal fiber group. Aldehyde dehydrogenase activity was decreased in ethanol-treated groups and significantly decreased in normal Protein normal fiber group. Cytochrome P-450 content was significantly increased in ethanol-treated groups and Predominated in normal protein groups. Xanthine oxidase activity was increased in ethanol-treated groups, but not significantly except normal protein normal fiber group. Glutathione content tended to increase in proportion to level of dietary protein and was higher in normal fiber groups than in high fiber groups, whereas it was decreased by ethanol treatment. Lipid Peroxide content was significantly increased in low Protein normal fiber groups.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.94-101
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to assess the responses of mixed function oxygenase (MFO) and antioxidative systems of feral Javelin goby, Acanthogobius hasta, caught in two sites of different pollution level in Shihwa lake, which has been a highly polluted lake by organic pollutants from nearby industrial complexes and sites. Enzymes analyzed in phase I of MFO system are cytochrome P450 (CYP), NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase (P450R), NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase (b5R), and ethoxyresorufin deethylase (EROD). Phase II enzyme of glutathione S-transferase (GST) in MFO system was also investigated. Moreover, oxidative-enzyme system including catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and total-glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activities and glutathione concentration in both of oxidized (GSSG) and reduced form (GSH) were determined. P450R, b5R, and GST activities of fish are relatively high in the polluted area, whereas hepatic EROD activity levels of fish in polluted area were lower than those of unpolluted area. CYP concentrations are not different between areas. These results indicated that feral Acanthogobius hasta were adaptive to highly polluted environment and exposed to oxidative stress in Shihwa lake.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.472-477
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• 1996

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of old antler extracts on galactosamine-induced liver injuries in rats. Male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain with average weight of 110$\pm$10g were fed on diets containing three kinds of old antler extracts(water extract, neutral extract and ether extract) for four weeks. Galactosamine(400mg/kg body weight) was injected intraperitoneally at the same time every week in galactosamine treatment groups. Cytochrome P-450 content was decreased in galactosamine treatment groups and increased by old antler extracts administration. Glutathione-peroxidase activity was increased in water extract group. Hepatic glutathione content was not observed significant differences by the old antler extracts administration. Lipid peroxide content was higher in the galactosamine treatment groups than that of the control group and decreased in galactosamine administerd groups after pretreatment with water extract. Total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol contents of liver were decreased in old antler extracts administerd groups and decreased in water extract group.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.44-49
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• 1987

Present work has been initiated to see if inherent biochemical difference among plants is, in any way, related to the observed selectivity characteristics of preemergence herbicide, alachlor. Application of aqueous solution of alachlor onto three intact plants, soybean, chinese cabbage and barnyard grass resulted in phytotoxicity responses in the testt plants in varying degree. Examination of glutathione (and homoglutathione) contents of the test plants indicated that the phytotoxicity is inversely proportional to the peptide contents of the test plants. It was also noted that four to five water soluble metabolites are readily formed in intact seedling treated with labelled alachlor and glutathionealachlor and homoglutathionealachlor conjugates were tentatatively identified as major metabolites. It is concluded that conjugation reaction involving glutathiones and xenobiotic alachlor, a typical phase II reaction, acts as detoxification reaction in the three test plants and this would, in turn, contribute to observed selectivity of alachlor.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.157-159
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• 2019

Pseudomonas fluorescens NBC275 (Pf275) isolated from soil sample collected at riverside of Nakdonggang showed antagonistic activity against fungal pathogens of plants and insects. Here we present complete genome sequence of Pf275. The genome comprises of 6,610,362 bp with GC content of 60.9%, which includes 5,869 predicted protein-coding genes, 16 rRNAs, and 65 tRNAs. Genome analysis revealed gene clusters encoding antimicrobial secondary metabolites such as pyoverdine, 2, 4-diacetylphloroglucinol, and phenazine, which are known to play essential roles in biocontrol of diseases.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.286-288
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• 2019

Pseudomonas parafulva PpaJBCS1880 (PpaJBCS1880) isolated from rice seeds showed strong antagonistic activity against bacterial plant pathogens by producing lipopeptide. Furthermore, the strain controlled the incidence of bacterial pustule in soybean plants and promoted the growth of rice plants. Here we present complete genome sequence of PpaJBCS1880. The genome comprises of 5,208,480 bp with GC content of 63.4%, which includes 4,487 predicted protein-coding genes, 19 rRNAs, and 74 tRNAs. Genome analysis revealed genes encoding antimicrobial secondary metabolites such as lipopeptide, pyoverdine, phenazine, and hydrogen cyanide, which are known to play essential roles in biocontrol of plant diseases.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.67-69
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• 2017

Complete genome sequences were retrieved from the strain RR3-28 that was isolated from a seawater recirculating aquaculture system and related to the genus Nitratireductor. The genome sequence consists of a single, circular chromosome of 3,357,577 bp with 58.6% G+C content. The genome was identified to contain twenty-one genes related to denitrification and one intact prophage.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.283-285
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• 2019

The draft genome sequencing for Pelagicola sp. DSW4-44 (= KCTC 62762 = KCCM 43261), isolated from deep seawater of East Sea in Korea, was performed using Illumina HiSeq platform. As a result, the draft genome was comprised of a total length of approximately 4.85 Mbp with G + C content of 54.3%, and included a total of 4,566 protein-coding genes, 3 rRNA genes, 48 tRNA genes, 3 non-coding RNA genes, and 67 pseudo genes. In the draft genome, the strain DSW4-44 contained genes involved in the nitrogen metabolism of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) and denitrification, which were not found other strains in the genus Pelagicola.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.1244-1253
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• 2018

Rumen microbiome consists of a wide variety of microorganisms, such as bacteria, archaea, protozoa, fungi, and viruses, that are in a symbiotic relationship in a strict anaerobic environment in the rumen. These rumen microbiome, a vital maker, play a significant role in feed fermentation within the rumen and produce different volatile fatty acids (VFAs). VFAs are essential for energy metabolism and protein synthesis of the host animal, even though emission of methane gas after feed fermentation is considered a negative indicator of loss of dietary energy of the host animal. To improve rumen microbial efficiency, a variety of approaches, such as feed formulation, the addition of natural feed additives, dietary feed-microbes, etc., have taken to increase ruminant performance. Recently with the application of high-throughput sequencing or next-generation sequencing technologies, especially for metagenomics and metatranscriptomics of rumen microbiomes, our understanding of rumen microbial diversity and function has significantly increased. The metaproteome and metabolome provide deeper insights into the complicated microbial network of the rumen ecosystem and its response to different ruminant diets to improve efficiency in animal production. This review summarized some recent advances of rumen microbiome techniques, especially "meta-omics," viz. metagenomic, metatranscriptomic, metaproteomic, and metabolomic techniques to increase feed fermentation and utilization in ruminants.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.678-687
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• 2021

Styrene is a commercially important chemical used mainly in the production of raw materials and plastics. To determine the effect of styrene on hepatic activities of antioxidant enzymes, styrene was treated to Sprague-Dawley rats at 50 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg (i.p) twice a day for 4 days. There were determined the significantly increased activities of serum AST (aspartate aminotransferase), ALT (alanine aminotransferse), and the increased content of MDA (malondialdehyde) at the dose of 400 mg/kg compared to the control. The hepatic activities of XO (xanthine oxidase) and CYPdAH (cytochrome P450 dependant aniline oxidase) in the dose of 400 mg/kg compared to the dose of 200 mg/kg were more increased, which means the excessive ROS (reactive oxygen species)s were produced during Phase I. In addition, significantly decreased were rates of the hepatic activities of GPx (glutathione peroxidase), CAT (catalase), SOD (superoxide dismutase) and GST (glutathione S-transferase) at the dose of 400 mg/kg compared to the control. And, the group at the dose of 400 mg/kg showed more significantly decreased GSH (glutathione) level than the group at the dose of 200 mg/kg. The decrease in GSH could ascribe to the toxic metabolites of styrene, such as styrene oxide. In conclusion, these results indicate that the excessive ROSs and the toxic metabolites of styrene may result in the hepatotoxicity, and be related to their imbalanced activities for antioxidant enzymes.