• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2019.05a
• /
• pp.42-44
• /
• 2019

금회 연구대상지인 진도 해역은 WQI지수 II, III등급 해역으로, 비교적 양호한 수질상태를 유지하고 있다. 최근 대명리조트는 이곳에 대규모 휴양시설을 계획 중에 있으며, 이에 따른 오수의 해양방류는 불가피할 것으로 보인다. 따라서, 오수의 해양방류로 인하여 대상해역의 오염이 우려됨에 따라 최적의 배수시설을 건설하여 수질악화를 방지하고자 한다. 배수시설에 따른 수질영향 예측을 수행하기 위하여 Delft3D-WAQ 모듈을 이용하여 당 해역의 수질특성을 재현 및 예측하였다. 또한, 상기 모델에 의한 모의결과의 정확도를 확인하고 보완하기 위하여 수직 와확산계수의 민감도 분석을 수행하였으며, 이를 통해 신뢰도를 확보하였다. 배수시설의 방류구 이격 거리 및 수층별 방류에 따른 수질변화를 검토한 결과, 해안에서의 이격거리가 멀고 중층에 방류할 경우 가장 효과적인 희석률을 보이는 것으로 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
• /
• 2004.05a
• /
• pp.1541-1544
• /
• 2004

안정적이고 확장성이 좋은 Peer to Peer 시스템에서의 컨텐츠 검색을 위하여 여러 알고리즘이 제안되었다. 그 예로 Chord[1]는 네트워크에 참여하는 각각의 노드에 컨텐츠의 위치 정보를 분배하는 방식을 사용하기 때문에 노드가 컨텐츠의 위치 정보를 다른 노드에 이양하지 않고 네트워크에서 벗어나는 경우 그 노드가 가진 정보가 손실되어 네트워크 확장성에 제한을 받았다. 그리고 Gnutella[2]는 네트워크에 전파되는 query 수가 노드 당 연결 수에 대하여 지수적으로 증가하기 때문에 대역폭을 낭비하는 경향이 있었다. 본 논문에서 제안한 방식은 원하는 컨텐츠를 찾고자 할 때 Broadcast를 사용하여 query를 전파하는 방법을 수정하여 query가 네트워크 토폴로지를 기반으로 만들어진 여러 개의 Spanning Tree를 따라서 Source Routing방식으로 전파되도록 하였다. 제안한 방식을 적용한 경우, 네트워크 토폴로지에 따라 컨텐츠를 찾기 위한 query의 수를 Broadcast 방식의 16% ~ 3%까지 줄일 수 있었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.49 no.5
• /
• pp.378-394
• /
• 2016

Purpose: Screening of preschool-age children for nutrition programs to improve dietary intake and behaviors requires cost-effective and easily administered validated assessment tools. The purpose of this study was to develop a parent/caregiver-administered instrument for measuring diet quality and behaviors of preschoolers as a nutrition quotient for preschoolers (NQ-P). Methods: Development of NQ-P was carried out in three steps: item generation, item reduction, and validation. The 24-h dietary record was selected as the gold standard reference tool. The 38 items of the NQ-P checklist were derived from a systematic literature review, expert in-depth interviews, statistical analysis of the fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, and national nutrition policies and recommendations. Self-administered questionnaires were delivered to parents who recorded 24-h dietary intakes of 100 responders aged 3~5 yr. Pearson's correlation was used to measure the level of agreement between questionnaires. Item reduction was performed, and 20 items were selected based on survey results, expert reviews, and priorities of national nutrition policy and recommendations. The 412 nationwide subjects sampled through daycare centers completed the 20-item checklist questionnaire. The construct validity of the NQ-P was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis, LISREL. Results: After analyses of exploratory factors, NQ-P items identified three dimensions of diet (balance, moderation, and environment). The three-factor structure accounted for 49.28% of the total variance. Standardized path coefficients were used as weights of the items. The NQ-P and three-factor scores of the subjects were calculated by the obtained weights of the questionnaire items. Conclusion: A food behavior checklist for preschoolers' NQ would be a useful and suitable instrument for evaluating nutrition adequacy and dietary quality of Korean preschoolers.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.57 no.4
• /
• pp.307-312
• /
• 2014

Chocolate is restricted for obese and diabetic patients due to high in sugar contents. We investigated shell-chocolate fillings with low calorie content and low glycemic indexes using alternative sweeteners such as tagatose and xylose and adding coffee grounds. Chocolate filling was made with sugar, cacao and butter in the original recipe. Sugar was substituted with tagatose or xylose and 3% coffee ground was added in each chocolate filling and substituted for 3% of the cocoa. Water retention and spreadability of the chocolate filling was significantly higher in the tagatose+coffee ground group in comparison to the sugar. In the chromaticity test, chocolate filling made with tagatose was darker in comparison to that made with sugar: brightness (L) was lower and redness (a) and yellowness (b) were higher than the sugar filling. Sensory evaluation revealed that chocolate filling made with tagatose had high score in 4 categories such as taste, smell, texture of foreign substance, overall acceptance. After consuming 60 g of the chocolate with different fillings, blood glucose levels of subjects at 1 and 2 h were significantly lower in the tagatose and tagatose+coffee ground groups than the other groups. In conclusion, using tagatose as the sweetener in chocolate filling has a beneficial effect on lowering blood glucose levels and increasing water retention, spreadability and sensory scores. Coffee ground did not have additive effect on quality of chocolate filling and blood glucose levels. These results indicate that shell chocolate made with tagatose can be used as a snack for diabetic patients.

• Proceedings of the Korean Aquaculture Society Conference
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.80-81
• /
• 2003

양식 생물의 질병 제어는 예방과 치료를 통해 이루어진다. 그러나 항생제의 오ㆍ남용으로 인하여 약제 내성균의 증가와 치료 효과가 감소하고, 나아가 식품안전성 문제로 양식생물의 소비를 위축시켜왔다. 따라서 질병이 발생한 후에 시행하는 화학약품 치료법은 이미 한계에 달하였다. 이에 따라 사전에 질병을 차단하는 예방법인 vaccine이나 질병에 대한 저항능력을 키우는 비특이적 면역 증강물질에 대한 관심이 꾸준히 높아지고 있다. 해조류에는 다량의 lectin이 포함되어 있는데, Lectin은 당에 결합하는 단백질의 총체적인 이름으로, defence molecule로 작용하여 어류가 섭취할 경우 외래 항원으로 인식하여 지속적으로 면역 기능을 활성화시키는 것으로 알려져 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 돌돔사료에 kelf meal을 첨가하여 공급한 후 이들의 성장과 비특이적 면역기구에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. 실험사료는 상업용 kelf meal을 0%, 2%, 5% 첨가하고, 2반복으로 500L FRP 탱크에서 8주간 사육하였다. 실험어류는 40g 내외의 돌돔을 대상으로 하였고, 사료공급 4주 및 8주에 각 실험구의 돌돔을 대상으로 비특이적 면역기구에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. 체액성 면역 조사로는 혈청 및 점액 lysozyme 활성과 Escherichia coli에 대한 혈청 내 보체의 살균 능력을 조사하였고, 세포성 면역 조사는 전신 식세포의 NBT 환원 실험과 말초혈액의 식세포 식균능을 측정하였다. 식균능 시험은 Escherichia coli FKC (formalin killed cell)에 대한 식균율 및 식균지수로 나타내었다. 나아가 돌돔 말초혈액의 혈구조성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 적혈구 5,000 세포당 임파구, 전구, 호중구의 수를 계수하였다. 8주간의 사육결과 사료계수는 각각 1.20, 1.25, 1.42로 대조구와 2% 첨가구는 큰 차이가 없었으나, 5% 첨가구는 나빠지는 경향을 보였다. 사료섭취량은 kelf meal의 첨가량이 늘어나면서 감소하는 경향이었다. 비특이적인 면역 기구에 대한 자극 효과는 체액성 면역의 지표로 측정한 lysozyme의 활성도는 혈청과 점액 모두에서 대조구보다 실험구에서 활성이 높았고, 혈청 lysozyme 활성은 5% 첨가구에서 가장 높았다. 혈청 내 보체의 살균능은 실험구간 차이가 없었다. 세포성 면역의 지표로 측정한 전신 식세포의 $O_2$ 생성능(NBT 환원능)은 5% 첨가구에서 가장 높았다. 말초 혈액의 식균능은 식균율과 식균지수 모두 실험구에서 높았고, 특히 5% 첨가구에서 가장 높았다. 말초 혈액 혈구조성의 변화는 임파구와 전구의 경우 실험구에서 높았으나 호중구에서는 차이가 없었다. 이상의 결과, 양식 돌돔에 kelf meal을 2% 첨가하는 것이 사료계수에 큰 영향을 미치지 않고, 돌돔의 체액성 및 세포성 면역을 적절히 자극하는 것으로 나타나, 돌돔의 기능성 사료 첨가물로서 이용 효과가 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.46 no.8
• /
• pp.910-918
• /
• 2017

Hyperlipidemia is known as a glucose and lipid metabolism-related disorder that is increasing in incidence in modern society. Red ginseng (RG) is a natural herb candidate with a positive effect on regulation of cholesterol and lipids. To observe the effects of RG on regulation of lipids, cholesterol, glucose, and oxidative stress, we examined the in vitro and in vivo effects of Chamdahan RG on differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes and high-fat diet-fed mice. RG ($50{\mu}g/mL$) significantly inhibited lipid synthesis in 3T3-L1 cells. In addition, a low concentration of RG (880 mg/kg/d) resulted in the lowest total blood cholesterol level. Moreover, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol quantity increased in RG-treated groups, consequently lowering the cardiovascular risk factor and atherosclerosis index. Moreover, RG increased activity of AMP-activated protein kinase, as a regulator of lipid and cholesterol synthesis, in adipose and liver tissues. Cumulatively, this paper suggests that RG has a positive effect on reducing the amounts of cholesterol and lipids and may be a good candidate for treating hyperlipidemia.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.51 no.5
• /
• pp.379-385
• /
• 2006

This experiment was carried out to investigate the optimum planting density in low fertilizing cultivation of machine transplanting in rice field of Honam Agricultural Research Institute, NICS for $2004{\sim}2005$. Sobibyeo which belongs to medium maturing variety and Nampyeongbyeo which belongs to medium-late maturing variety were transplanted on May 30. In this experiment, there was no significant difference in heading date between planting density and nitrogen fertilization rate, and heading dates were August 8 in Sobibyeo, and August 14 in Nampyeongbyeo respectively. In relation to lodging character, lodging Index was high where the nitrogen fertilization rate and planting density were high. As planting density increases, panicle number per $m^{2}$ increased irrespective of nitrogen fertilization rate. When nitrogen was 6 kg/10a, rice yield of Sobibyeo was more where planting density was 90 hill per $3.3m^{2}$, and that of Nampyeongbyeo was more where planting density was 80 hill per $3.3m^{2}$. When nitrogen was 9 kg/10a, rice yield of Sobibyeo was more where planting density was 100 hill per $3.3m^{2}$, and that of Nampyeongbyeo was more where planting density was 110 hill per $3.3m^{2}$. Head rice rate of brown rice was higher when planting density increased, and was higher at 6 kg/10a nitrogen rate than 9 kg/10a nitrogen rate in all varieties.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 1984

The effect of transplanting method of rice seedlings on weed occurrence was investigated at the Yeongnam Crop Experiment Station in 1983. Rice was transplanted by hand and machine and eleven common herbicides were applied. The greatest weeds were harvested from the plot that rice was not transplanted and more weeds encountered at machine transplanted plot than hand transplanted plot. The degree of weed suppression by rice plant itself was 50% for machine transplatning and 55% for hand transplanting, respectively. Simpson index and community dominance of weed species were the highest in hand transplanting and followed by machine transplanting and no rice plot in order. Rice grain yield was exponentially correlated with the amounts of weed occurrence and more yield loss exhibited at machine transplanting than hand transplanting in the same amount of weeds. In the herbicidal activity, most of herbicides performed better at hand transplanting than machine transplanting while the degree of difference between transplanting methods varied depend on herbicide used.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.13-17
• /
• 1986

This experiment was carried out to study the germination behavior and the density effect of Capsella bursa-pastoris Medicus on barley yields. Seed dormancy of C. bursa-pastoris was broken on middle of July. No light was required for germination of C. bursa-pastoris seeds. Higher germination showed at $15^{\circ}C$ than at $0^{\circ}C$ or $6^{\circ}C$. Effective temperature for dormancy breakdown of seed was at $5^{\circ}C$ for 30 days rather than at $40^{\circ}C$. Reduction in barley yield showed with increasing the plant density of C. bursa-pastoris.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.439-444
• /
• 1983

Effects of temperature and soil moisture on the growth and grain-filling of two wheat cultivars were investigated. Two levels of temperature; day 3$0^{\circ}C$/night $25^{\circ}C$ and day 2$0^{\circ}C$/night 15$^{\circ}C$ and two levels of soil moisture; stressed (45-50% of F.C.) and non-5tressed (50-60% of F.C.) were imposed in the green house from heading date to the maturity and grain weight, chlorophyll content of flag leaf and leaf area index(LAI) were observed at weekly interval. Grain maturation was faster in the high temperature than those in the lower temperature. Chlorophyll content of flag leaf and LAI decreased rapidly in the high temperature and chlorophylls disappeared at the 20 days after heading. In lower temperature condition, slower decrements were shown in chlorophyll content and it remained until 45 days after heading. Grain weights in the high and optimum temperature conditions reached to maximum values at 29 days and 45 days after heading, respectively. Differences of grain weight and chlorophyll content of flag leaf were not significant between stressed and non-5tressed soil moisture condition.