• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.167-184
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• 2016

This paper investigates the migration process of Korean population in Northeastern China since the 19th century, focusing on the population distribution patterns in different time periods which reflect changes and diffusions of diaspora space. Korean migration into Northeastern China seemed to begin from the late 19th century, and can be classified into four different periods including cross-border refugee period (19th to 1910), political exile period(1911-1931), forced migration period(1932-1945), and economic-driven migration period(after 1946). The Korean migration into Northeastern China was closely related to paddy field rice farming by Korean migrants, which can be interpreted as a process of contagious diffusion starting from border area between Korea and China at the early stage. And then, process of hierarchical diffusion occurred along with urban centers on the railways from the 1930s. At the later stage, Korean migration has extended to coastal urban centers, other big cities in China and other countries including Korea since the 2000s. Recently, ethnic Korean communities in China have experienced changes from rural village based community to urban district based community as well as from single-nuclei ethnic structure around Northeastern China toward multi-nuclei ethnic structure extending to coastal urban areas in China.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.3C
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• pp.271-280
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• 2008

M channel near-perfect-reconstruction(NPR) pseudo-QMF banks are a hybrid of conventional pseudo-QMF design and spectral factorization approach where the analysis and synthesis filters are cosine-modulated versions of the prototype-lowpass filter(p-LPF). However, p-LPF H(z) does not have linear-phase symmetry as well as magnitude-distortion optimization since it is obtained by spectral factorization of $2M^{-th}$ band filter $G(z)=z^{-(N-1)}H(z^{-1})H(z)$. A fair amount of attention, therefore, has been focused on the design of filter banks for reducing only alias-cancellation distortion without reconstructed-amplitude distortion. In this paper, we propose a new method for designing linear-phase p-LPF in NPR pseudo-QMF banks, which is based on Maxflat(maximally flat) FIR filters with closed-form transfer function. In addition, p-LPF H(z) is optimized in this approach so that the 2M-channel overall distortion response represented with $G(z)=H^2(z)$ approximately becomes an unit magnitude response. Through several examples of NPR pseudo-QMF banks, it is shown that the peek ripple of the overall magnitude distortion is less than $3.5{\times}10^{-4}\;({\simeq}-70dB)$ and analysis/synthesis filters have the sharp monotone-stopband attenuation exceeding 100 dB.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.229-236
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• 1989

A combined field release of indigenous larvivoroug fish (Aplocheilus latipes) and hybrid herbivore (Tilapia mossambicus miloticus) was conducted to determine the effectiveness of biological control, in particular, against malaria vector (anopheles sinensis), breeding in weedy habitat of rice fields at the University rice paddies at Suwon during the period of June through September in 1988. A combined fish introduction at the release rate of 2.0 fish per $M^{2}$ for Aplocheilus and 1-pair $10M^{2}$ water surface for Tilapia resuited in 70.8% Anopheles larval reducton in a week period, the rates of rontrol increased to 73. 5% and 80.2% in 4th and 5th week respectively after the fish introdurtion, maintaining mosquito suppression in range of 80~82% control after the 5th week against Anopheles and Culex spp. combined. In a single fish treatment with Aplocheilus at 2.0 $fish/M^{2}$ release rate, Anopheles larval reduction ranged on the average 51.4~56.5%in 4 wrek period which was later integratpd with B.t.i. (Rl53.78) treatment at 1.0 kg/ha dosage rate to suppress vector mosquito population down and the the results was compared with that of combined fish introdurtion.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.25
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• pp.211-237
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• 2006

Mansebo[만세보] contains a total of 111 old shijos under the title of Haedongyeongeon[해동영언]. This dissertation presumes Haedongyeongeon[해동영언] as early 20th century shijo text and surveys its literary characteristic and its significance in relation with anthological compilation. Haedongyeongeon can be seen as both newspaper serials and a short anthology. The basic pattern of the serials shows an organization of 'title. musical designation, author. text. and a brief review. Of these, the review is what most clearly shows the characteristic of the serials. The review is written in Chinese followed by Korean letters to designate the sound of the Chinese. which is presumably designed to attract more readers for the newspaper. On the other hand, Haedongyeongeon[해동영언], when seen as a collection of works printed in serials, clearly shows an intention of compiling an anthology, particularly in its way of overall classification of works or arranging works according to their authors, and thus may well be defined as a short anthology. This anthology somewhat excessively pursues perfection in formality, and is characterized by its strong intent to be read as popular literature, and therefore could be said to manifest the general characteristic of 20th century anthologies. The planner of the serial Haedongyeongeon[해동영언], or the compiler of the anthology is thought to be one of the core figures of Mansebo[만세보], that is, O Sechang[오세창], Lee Injik[이인직], Choi Yeongnyeon[최영년], Shin Gwanghui[신광희], but of them all, considering all circumstances, Choi Yeongnyeon[최영년] is most likely to be the one. Lastly, it is presently unknown what anthology was used as the basis of Haedongyeongeon[해동영언] and accordingly any judgement on that head has been deferred.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.353-370
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• 2016

This study examined elementary mathematics teacher's guidebook to determine the inclusion level of 11 critical features of evidence based instruction. And the inclusion level of the features in teacher's guidebook were interpreted as 'Low', 'Middle' and 'High'. The results are as followings. First, The overall inclusion level of the features in teacher's guidebook is 'Middle' The inclusion level of the features in teacher's guidebook for 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th were 'Middle' but for 5th and 6th were 'Low'. Second, the inclusion level of the features 'Clarity of Objective', 'Single Concepts and Skill Taught', 'Use of Manipulatives and Representation', 'Explicit Instruction', 'Provision of Examples for new concepts and skill', 'Adequate Independent Practice Opportunities' and 'Progress Monitoring' were 'Middle' The inclusion level of the features 'Review of Prerequisite Mathematical Skills', 'Error correction and Corrective Feedback' and 'Instruction of Strategies' were 'Low'. And discussed the results.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.541-549
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to test the effects of flip learning-based simulation practice education on the learning flow, learning confidence, communication skills, and clinical competence ability of nursing student. This study used a one group, pre-post test design. We collected the data from 65 4th grade nursing students. Flip learning-based simulation practice education was conducted from March 5th to April 17th, 2019. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 21.0 program. The result of study were follows. After the flip learning-based simulation practice education, there were significant increased in learning flow(t=-7.548, p<.001), learning confidence(t=-9.163, p<.001), communication skills(t=-6.506, p<.001) and clinical competence(t=-6.733, p<.001). After the flip learning-based simulation practice, clinical performance was found to be positively correlated with learning flow(r=.627, p<.001), learning confidence(r=.513, p<.001) and communication skills(r=.328, p<.008). learning flow and learning confidence(r=.528, p<.001), communication skills and learning flow(r=.332, p<.007) also showed a positive correlation. Therefore, flip learning-based simulation practice education for nursing student could be effective nursing education method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.45 no.8
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• pp.1138-1146
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• 2016

This study was performed to estimate daily intakes of aluminum from Platycodon grandiflorum A. De Candolle and evaluate their potential health risks for Koreans. Estimated daily intake of aluminum was calculated, whereas the actual level of aluminum in Platycodon grandiflorum A. De Candolle was analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Food consumption amount was drawn from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VI-1). In analysed samples, aluminum values ranged from 0.54~564.38 mg/kg in peeled Platycodon grandiflorum A. De Candolle samples (n=53) and from 0.72~28.05 mg/kg in unpeeled ones (n=40). Statistically significant difference (P<0.001) was detected according to the type of skin. To estimate the dietary intake of Platycodon grandiflorum A. De Candolle, a total of 7,242 respondents (scenario I) were compared to 227 Platycodon grandiflorum A. De Candolle consumption subjects (scenario II). Estimated daily intake of aluminum was calculated based on point estimates. Level of safety for aluminum was evaluated by comparison with Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake (PTWI), 1 mg/kg bw, set by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. For scenario I, mean estimated daily intake of aluminum was 0.001 mg/kg bw/d. For scenario II, mean estimated daily intake of aluminum was 0.033 mg/kg bw/d, and 95th percentile estimated daily intake was 0.610 mg/kg bw/d. For scenario II, aluminum from Platycodon grandiflorum A. De Candolle had a mean weekly intake that was the 23.1% of PTWI.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.17
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• pp.79-114
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• 1974

Experiments were conducted to clarify the variations of the ecological characteristics under different day-length and temperature conditions inperilla varieties from 1972 to 1973 in the experimental fields of Crop Experiment Station, O.R.D, Suwon. Thirty-six varieties were tested in the field in 1972 under 6 growing seasons differing seeding dates. from April 5th to June 20th with 15-day interval between each seeding. Pot-experiment also were conducted in 1972 and 1973. The seeds of the 6 varieties tested were sown on May 25th. In this pot-experiment natural condition was regarded as a short-day treatment and 100-W incandescent lamps were used for long-day treatment. Three selected varieties were grown under different. temperature treatments in phytotron in Crop Experiment Station. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Most varieties tested flowered around September 6. The days required to flower were shortened gradually as the planting time was delayed. 2. The varieties used were matured around October 6, but the maturity was shortened when planted early. The days required for maturity after flowering was 26 to 30. 3. The growing period was also shortened gradually when planting time was delayed. 4. Plant height was reduced when planting time was delayed. 5. There were little differences in number of valid branches among planting time I, II and III, while the branch number was reduced as the planting time was delayed. 6. The dry matter weight was gradually increased from planting time I to III, while it was rapidly decreased after planting time IV. 7. It was found that the flowering of perilla was little affected by temperature. The varieties, however, were more sensitive to day-length. 8. No clear tendency was found in the plant height, number of valid branches and dry matter weight by the time and period of day-length and temperature treatments. 9. The highest yield was obtained at planting time III(May 5th) and the yield was decreased at either earlier or later planting. 10. 1, 000 grain weight appeared to be heavier as the planting time was delayed. 11. The number of flower cluster was largest at planting time III (May 5th) and it was decreased as planting time was earlier or later than III. 12. The oil content was also highest at planting time III (May 5th). 13. Days to flowering, days to maturity and total growing period and flowering period did not affect the yield much. 14. The number of valid branches, flower clusters, 1, 000-grain weight and dry matter weight were positively correlated with yield. The relationship between these characters and yield were variable depending upon the planting time.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.90-98
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• 1998

Background : The CD4+ T-helper cells comprise functionally distinct subsets of Th1 and Th2 cells that are distinguished on the basis of differential cytokines production Th1 cells secrete interferon-$\gamma$, lymphotoxin, interleukin-2. Th2 cells produce interleukin-4, interleukin-5, interleukin-10. A previous study shown that Th2 cells and their cytokines increased in patients with atopic asthma. We compared cytokines(IL-4, IFN-$\gamma$) activity and subpopulation of T-lymphocytes in peripheral blood from atopic asthmatics versus non-asthmatics. Method: Fifteen patients with atopic asthma(nine men, six women), twelve patients with chronic bronchitis(six men, six women), five healthy persons(three men, two women) were studied. Activity of IL-4, IFN-$\gamma$ and T-cell subpopulation in peripheral blood were estimated. Results: Patients had a median age of 55yr. The mean activity of IL-4 of asthmatics was significantly increased(control $0.75{\pm}1.1pmol/L$, atopic asthmatics $3.50{\pm}0.75pmol/L$, chronic bronchitis $2.01{\pm}1.2pmol/L$), but IFN-$\gamma$ was not significantly increased. In the T lymphocyte sunsets the percent of CD62L+ T-lymphoeytes of asthmatics was not significantly increased (control $16.7{\pm}16.4%$, atopic asthmatics $24.8{\pm}23.6%$, chronic bronchitis $17.0{\pm}16.9%$). Conclusion: In this study elevated production of IL-4 was observed in atopic asthmatics. CD62L+T-lymphoeytes was not increased in atopic asthma.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.69
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• pp.45-82
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• 2017

This paper aims at concrete examination of the 'Official Road(官路)' of the late Joseon Dynasty through government administration of the 17th - 18th century 'Junsangseo(典牲署)'. Until now, the study of the central political system in the Joseon Dynasty was mainly studied by the politically important bureaucrat 'Dangsanggwan(堂上官)', and even if he studied the 'Official Road(官路)', he was a student from the a graduate of Mungwa(文科) and the 'Clean and imfortant Official(淸要職)' connected with it It was examined mainly. As a result, this research attempts to elucidate the routes of 'non - Clean and imfortant Official(非淸要職)' who have not been studied so far. However, it is difficult to deal with all the 'lower officials(參下官)' reaching 263 in total, so it was targeted at the 'Junsangseo(典牲署)' where the 'List of official(先生案)' exists in the 17th - 18th century. In chapter 2, we examined the historical value of 'List of official(先生案)' and were able to secure the confidence of the materials. In Chapter 3, we specifically examined the origins of officials from the 'Junsangseo(典牲署)', the official route, and the occupation. As a result, the 'Junsangseo(典牲署)' 'lower officials(參下官)' was predominantly from the 'Munum(門蔭)'. In addition, I confirmed that I was stepping on a public road that roughly promoted one rank. The number of days in office has also been promoted satisfying the court occupation days. Although this is an analysis limited to 'Junsangseo(典牲署)', it seems that 'lower officials(參下官)' of 'Junsangseo(典牲署)' had gone through routes and routes that were roughly similar to the 'lower officials' of the main office. If we can assume this, we can understand the character of the late Joseon Dynasty 'lower officials(參下官)' by understanding the character of 'lower officials(參下官)' of 'Junsangseo(典牲署)'. To declare this, more case analysis is necessary, and it is necessary to convert a lot of 'List of official(先生案)' data scattered nationwide into DB.