• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.3-31
• /
• 2023

Der Begriff der Heilkundeausübung ist im positiven Recht in Korea nirgends festgelegt. Der wurde jedoch indirekt durch die Auslegung der Heilkundeausübung ohne Erlaubnis gemäß § 27 Abs. 1 des "Medizingesetzes" geregelt. In der Vergangenheit beschränkte der kOGH(the Supreme Court of Korea) die Heilkundeausübung auf die "Behandlung von Krankheiten und stellte fest, dass "medizinische und technische Maßnahmen, die keine pathologischen Symptome oder Funktionsdefizite im Körper voraussetzen, nicht zur Heilkundeausübung gehören." Danach änderte der kOGH seine Rechtsprechung auf "Vorbeugung oder Behandlung von Krankheiten durch Durchführung ärztlicher Untersuchungen, Optometrie, Verschreibung, Medikation oder chirurgischer Eingriffe auf der Grundlage von Erfahrung und Fähigkeiten, die auf medizinischem Fachwissen basieren, und anderer Gesundheitsfürsorge, definiert "medizinische Maßnahmen" als "eine Handlung, die eine gesundheitliche Gefahr darstellen kann, sofern diese nicht von einem Mediziner durchgeführt wird". Der Begriff der Heilkundeausübung in der Rechtsprechung ist einerseits zu abstrakt und kann eine Leerformel sein, andererseits kann seine Einschränkung eine Gefahr für die öffentliche Gesundheit erbringen. Daher besteht Bedarf an einem Kriterium, das dar derzeitige Begriff der Heilkundeausübung entsprechend dem gesetzgeberischen Ziel reduzieren kann, das Risiko für das Leben, den Körper oder die öffentliche Gesundheit von Menschen zu verhindern, das durch die Durchführung medizinischer Arbeiten durch nichtmedizinisches Personal entstehen kann. Um ein Kriterium vorzustellen, das das aktuelle Konzept der Heilkundeausübung reduzieren kann, werden in diesem Artikel das positive Recht, Theorien und Rechtsprechung zum Begriff der Heilkundeausübung in Deutschland untersucht und nach einer Alternative gesucht.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.15 no.5
• /
• pp.697-704
• /
• 2021

It is hard to get Filaments which are materials of the 3D printing Fused Deposition Modeling(FDM) method as radiation shielding in Korea. and also related research is insufficient. This study aims to provide basic data for the development of radiation shields using 3D printing by evaluating the physical properties and radiation shielding capabilities of filaments containing metal particles. after selecting five metal filaments containing metal particle reinforcement materials, the radiation shielding rate was calculated according to the Korean Industrial Standard's protective equipment test method to evaluate physical properties such as tensile strength, density, X-ray Diffraction(XRD), and weight measurement using ASTM's evaluation method. In the tensile strength evaluation, PLA + SS was the highest, ABS + W was the lowest, and ABS + W is 3.13 g/cm³ which value was the highest among the composite filaments in the density evaluation. As a result of the XRD, it may be confirmed that the XRD peak pattern of the particles on the surface of the specimen coincides with the pattern of each particle reinforcing material powder metal, and thus it was confirmed that the printed specimen contained powder metal. The shielding effect for each 3D printed composite filament was found to have a high shielding rate in proportion to the effective atomic number and density in the order of ABS + W, ABS + Bi, PLA+SS, PLA + Cu, and PLA + Al. In this study, it was confirmed that the metal particle composite filament containing metal powder as a reinforcing material has radiation shielding ability, and the possibility of using a radiation shielding filament in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.273-279
• /
• 2021

Metal material inserted into the body have a large difference in density from human tissues or bones around the Metal during CT scans.. Therefore, the Metal material inserted into the body produces Artifact. Metal Artifact, which occurs around Metals, can degrade the quality of CT images, causing confusion when medical team diagnose lesions. Through this experiment, we confirm that the occurrence of Artifacts decrease by using Dual energy CT and MAR algorithm in Single source Dual energy CT. We also want to present basic data on clinical application methods by comparing and analyzing the characteristics of images obtained by each method. Using GE 750HD CT, artificial implants were scanned using general method and Dual energy. Then we apply the MAR algorithm to each image obtained. And all previously acquired images were compared and analyzed the characteristics of the examination, such as image quality evaluation and dose evaluation. Images with MAR algorithm and Dual Energy confirmed a decrease in Metal Artifact. Images with MAR algorithm have reduced Metal Artifact, but have the disadvantage of distorting the details of artificial joint implants. On the other hand images teseted with Dual Energy have the advantage of being able to implement details than those applied with MAR algorithms, it takes longer to reconstruct the image and the exposure dose was about four times higher than those applied with MAR algorithm. In order to locate Metals, such as the post-operative follow-up period, it is useful to apply MAR algorithm to obtain images. And it is more useful to examine with Dual Energy when micro lesion identification, such as cardiac examination, and surgical planning or when tests are performed in diagnostic way.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
• /
• v.48 no.2
• /
• pp.118-131
• /
• 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to provide essential data for the development of a prenatal healthcare intervention program tailored to Vietnamese migrant women. This study assessed the knowledge and the practice of prenatal health management, and the levels of depression among Vietnamese women of childbearing age residing in Korea and Vietnam. Methods: Using a descriptive research design, a structured questionnaire was administered to Vietnamese women of childbearing age, with 113 participants residing in Korea and 196 participants residing in Vietnam. Data was collected from Februay to April 2021. Data was analyzed using t-test and chi-square test. Result: The analysis of knowledge regarding prenatal health management revealed significant differences between married women in both locations, with higher knowledge scores. Regarding prenatal health management practices, no significant differences were found based on marital status or place of residence. Particularly in the item "Will receive regular prenatal check-ups at the hospital." married Vietnamese women in Vietnam had lower scores than unmarried women, and rural women had lower scores than urban women. The lowest score was observed among Korean-residing women in the item "Will seek pregnancy and childbirth information." Regarding depression, married women in Vietnam and women living in rural areas demonstrated significantly higher depression scores. Conclusion: When designing perinatal management interventions for Vietnamese immigrant women, special attention should be given to those originating from rural areas in Vietnam. It is recommended to incorporate the importance of perinatal healthcare and factors related to mental well-being into the intervention program.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.335-341
• /
• 2023

In this study, four algorithms (Standard, Bone, Dual volume, and Stent Follow up) were applied to the image of the aneurysm in cerebral angiography to reconstruct the image in 3D, and quantitatively evaluate Noise, SNR, and CNR based on the reconstructed image to find out the optimal algorithm. As an analysis method, Image J program, which can analyze images and calculate area and pixel values, was used for images reconstructed with four algorithms. In order to obtain Noise, SNR, and CNR, the region of interest (ROI) is measured by designating the point where the abnormal artery (aneurysm) is located and the surrounding normal artery in the image are measured, and the mean value and SD value are obtained. Background noise was set to two surrounding normal artery to increase reliability. The values of SNR and CNR were calculated based on the given formula. As a result, the noise was the lowest in the stent follow-up algorithm, and the SNR and CNR were the highest. Therefore, the stent follow-up algorithm is judged to be the most appropriate algorithm. The data of this study are expected to be useful as basic data for 3D image evaluation of the vascular and aneurysm in cerebral angiography, and it is believed that appropriate algorithm changes will serve as an opportunity to further improve image quality.

• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.67-80
• /
• 2023

Objective : This study aimed to investigate the current status of physical therapy in children and adolescents. Methods : Sixty questionnaires from physical therapists treating children and adolescents with disabilities were analyzed. The questionnaire consisted of questions on physical therapy, participants, satisfaction, and the assessment of pediatric and adolescent physical therapy. Descriptive statistics and frequencies were used to investigate the current status, participants, and satisfaction. Differences between physical therapy participation difficulty, importance-ability of major aspects of pediatric and adolescent physical therapy, and therapy goal frequency were analyzed using paired T-test. Results : 11 to 15 cases (66.7%) and one-on-one treatment (95.0%) were performed independently (95.0%). The main ages of the subjects were preschool and school, the diagnoses were brain lesions and developmental delay, and treatment was conducted for up to 20 years or older. Satisfaction with pediatric and adolescent physical therapy was high (70.0%), as was the intensity of work (71.7%). Neurodevelopmental therapy, gait training, and goal-directed rehabilitation were the main treatments, and Gross Motor Function Measures of 88 and 66, respectively, were used. Respondents said that current fee system is inadequate (66.1%) and appropriate fee system is needed. Conclusion : This study extensively investigated the content of and factors related to pediatric and adolescent physical therapy. Based on the current situation, efforts to improve the expertise and continuity of pediatric and adolescent physical therapists and apply the latest treatment techniques are required.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.843-849
• /
• 2023

This study attempted to determine the optimal algorithm after quantitatively analyzing noise, SNR, and CNR measurements by reconstructing four algorithms (Standard, Soft, Bone, and Detail) from head and neck CT images of patients who underwent implant surgery. As an analysis method, pixel values were calculated through the region of interest in the reconstructed image using the Image J program. For noise, SNR, and CNR, the region of interest was measured at the location of the pharynx, masseter muscle, and parotid gland in the image, and the mean and SD values were obtained. The values of SNR and CNR were calculated based on the given formula. As a result, the standard algorithm showed the lowest noise and the highest SNR. CNR was highest in the Soft algorithm, but showed no significant difference from the Standard algorithm. Therefore, it is believed that the Standard algorithm is the optimal algorithm for examining patients wearing intraoral implants in head and neck CT examinations. We hope that the data from this study will be used as basic data for image evaluation in head and neck CT examinations, and that the quality of images will be further improved through various algorithm changes. It is believed that this will be an opportunity to do so.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.977-983
• /
• 2023

Due to the development of the domestic economy and science, the people's standard of living has increased. Accordingly, we want to improve the quality of life. In other words, we guarantee human rights and pursue dignity and value as human beings. Therefore, the medical field extends human life and helps maintain a healthy life. The social medicine that protects human rights is forensic medicine. Forensic medicine identifies deaths and analyzes the cause using forensic radiology images. Forensic radiology is the acquisition and provision of medical images by the radiographer. Therefore, the radiographer must have expertise by completing forensic science-related courses. Recently, medical and nursing schools have opened and operated various subjects such as forensic medicine and forensic nursing. However, the Department of Radiology science is the only school that offers courses related to forensic science. For the future development and exploration of the radiographer and department of radiology science, forensic education should be considered. For this purpose, we investigated the necessity and demand for forensic education in the department of radiology science undergraduate and graduate schools. The department of radiology science students' awareness of forensic science was found to be 2.977 points, but the need for forensic science education for the radiographer was high at 3.759 points. In addition, current students' demand for forensic science courses was high at 84.1%, with the majority responding that it was necessary to open and operate the course. This study was able to determine the demand for forensic science-related subjects among the department of radiology science undergraduate and graduate students, and there is a need to explore diversity and expertise in education. We hope that it will be used as basic data for the development of forensic medicine and radiology science.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.101-108
• /
• 1999

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify hospice volunteers' perception of the death. Methods : This study was conducted with 327 adults who registered for the hospice volunteer education program in Severance Hospice Center from 1996 through 1999. The 4-years data was collected through a self-reporting questionnaire constructed and revised by the authors. The questionnaire was classified into 5 categories. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS/W. Results : 1) Hospice volunteers were mostly female(93.9%) with an average age of 48 years. The majority(82.6%) of the participants were Protestant. 2) From the 4-years data over 90 percent of participants thought of death as a process of life and responded positively to these three items : 'Death is a temporary separation from family', 'I will die in peace', 'Faith in God results in a freedom from fear of death'. 3) Age were statistically relevant to the following items: 'I often read the obituaries in the newspaper', 'Dying is a tragedy', and 6 items were significantly related to religion: 'I rarely think of dying unexpectedly', 'Death is a temporary separation from family'. 'Dying is a tragedy', 'We have to do our best to prolong life by use of modem medical technology', 'I feel comfortable thinking of death and dying, 'Faith in God results in a freedom from fear of death'. The finding that religiosity was related to perception of death is consistent with other reports. And $40{\sim}50$ year old Protestant women had more positive perception of death than $20{\sim}30$ year old women. Conclusion : The findings indicated an importance of considering the age and religiosity when we educate the hospice volunteers. And that will be a important basic-data to develope program for hospice volunteers.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.170-174
• /
• 1993

The quantitative methods for the assessment of the cerebral blood flow using $^{99m}Tc$-HMPAO brain SPECT utilize the measured count distribution in some specific reconstructed tomographic slice or in algebraic summation of a few neighboring slices, rather than the true volumetric distribution, to estimate the relative regional cerebral blood flow, and consequently produce the biased estimates of the true regional cerebral blood flow. This kind of biases are thought to originate mainly from the arbitrarily irregular shape of the cerebral region of interest(ROI) which are analyzed. In this study, a semi-automated method for the direct quantification of the volumetric regional cerebral blood flow estimate is proposed, and the results are compared to those calculated by the previous planar approaches. Bias factors due to the partial volume effect and the uncertainty in ROI determination are not considered presently for the methodological comparison of planar/volumetric assessment protocol.