• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.313-332
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• 2014

The purpose of this research is to distinguish the effect of children's multicultural educational program in the daily life schedule that is integrated in Nuri-programme on children's multicultural acceptance and pro social behavior. Subjects were 4-year-old children from Gyounggi-do A city separated into anexperimental group and acontrol group. Both groups werepre tested. After conducting a program for 44 times, the data was collected using visual resources and instruction considering 4-year-old children's ability to read. In conclusion, the experimental group educated with children's multicultural program showed higher multicultural acceptance. These show that multicultural education affect pro-social behavior.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.510-517
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• 2006

This study investigated the influences of situational interest, attention, and cognitive effort on drawing as a method to assist students to connect and integrate multiple external representations provided in learning chemical concepts. Seventh graders (N=178) at two coed middle schools were taught about the "Boyle's Law" and the "Charles's Law" for two class hours through drawing. They observed macroscopic phenomena through demonstrations. After these observations, they drew their mental model from the external verbal representation, and then compared their drawings with external visual representation. The tests assessing situational interest, attention, cognitive effort, and conceptual understanding were administered as post-tests. Correlation and path analyses supported a causal model which situational interest had a positive direct effect on attention to the drawing. Attention led to conceptual understanding directly as well as through cognitive effort. These results suggest that situational interest may be induced by drawing first of all, and attention and cognitive effort may be direct causes of conceptual understanding in drawing. Educational implications are discussed.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.471-481
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• 2008

This study investigated connecting errors by students' field independence-dependence in learning chemistry concepts with multiple external representations in current science textbooks. Seventh graders (N=196) at a middle school were assigned to the BL and CL groups, which were respectively taught "Boyle's Law" and "Charles's Law." A field independence-dependence test was administered. After learning the target concept with text and picture emphasizing the particulate nature of matter, a connecting test was also administered. Five types of connecting errors were identified: Insufficient connection, misconnection, rash connection, impossible connection, and failing to connect. 'Failing to connect,' 'Misconnection,' and 'Rash connection' were found to be the frequent types of connecting errors regardless of the target concepts. The frequencies and percentages of the types of connecting errors were not significantly different between the field independent and field dependent students. Educational implications of these findings are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.28-39
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• 2004

The author reviewed various psychological measures of attachment types and variation on developmental stage approaches. Also, the point of reliabilities and validities of the measures were reviewed. SSP and AQS introduced first in infancy. Cassidy-Marvin's attachment type system, Crittenden's PAA, Main & Cassidy's attachment system, Doll play techniques and Family drawing analyses of attachment types introduced secondly for preschooler. IPPA for parent and peer attachment introduced for Childhood/Adolescence. Finally, AAI and ASQ for romantic attachment explained for adulthood.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2011.01a
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• pp.229-232
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• 2011

최근 스마트 디바이스 기반의 다양한 콘텐츠 제작 공급에 대한 새로운 마켓 시장 형성과 태블릿 디바이스 기반의 전자책 시장 규모의 확대에 따른 새로운 유형의 디지털 콘텐츠 시장이 형성되고 있다. 디지털 미디어는 정보환경 범위를 종이의 범위에서 벗어나 매체와 연계한 다양한 형태로의 변화뿐만 아니라 서술 방식과 소통방식의 방법에도 변화를 발생하였다. 그리고 지면에서 국한된 아날로그 매체의 물리적, 공간적, 시간적인 한계를 뛰어넘어 다양한 콘텐츠를 손쉽게 접근할 수 있게 만들었다. 이런 환경에서 본문검색 서비스는 아날로그와 디지털 매체의 상호 공존관계를 형성할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 그림종이문서를 본문검색이 가능한 이미지형태의 디지털문서로 변환해주는 디지털라이징 시스템으로 문자위치정보를 포함하는 광학문자인식(OCR)기능과 인식된 문자의 오류를 수정하는 에디터기능을 통해 추출된 내용을 XML형태로 제공하는 본문검색 시스템을 제안한다. 특히, 문자인식 후처리 공정에서 복수의 관학문자인식(OCR)엔진을 통해 결과 비교와 문자위치 정보 확인 및 편집, 맞춤법 검사 등의 특화된 기능 등은 본 논문에서 가지는 강점으로 디지털문서 구축에 소요되는 시간과 비용을 혁신적으로 절감시켜준다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.20-27
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• 2004

We propose the character recognition system for Gerber files. The Gerber file is the vector-formatted drawing file for PCB manufacturing, which includes various symbols, figures and characters. Also, the characters are written in horizontal, vertical, and reverse-vortical directions. In this paper, we newly propose the Gerber-character recognition system to recognize all of component names located in PCB. To improve the performance, we develop the multiple recognizers by neural networks and the verifier considering the structural features. The developed system has been installed to the auto-programming software for PCB assembly and inspection machines.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.51-76
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• 2007

The study was conducted to analyze the extent of students' creativity through the use of scaffolding composed of different kinds of experience in making insights on problem solving and to investigate the function of a new scaffolding type which is not used in accomplishing a phase of activity but in having an insight. The students' achievements in problem solving given the scaffolding for on-site experience were compared with those given the scaffolding using stories. Also, the extent of creativity of the first- and sixth- grade students using the two types of scaffolding were investigated as they carried out picture completion task from TTCT. The results of the study showed that the control groups not given the scaffolding in post-test did not advance in creativity but experimental groups given the scaffolding showed improvement in some subordinate elements after scaffolding. Moreover, scaffolding using stories were more effective in enhancing the students' creativity than the scaffolding using on-site experience.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.111-118
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• 2005

The optotypes widely used as a necessity in the course of optometry are the world authorized versions which contain items such as the Landolt's rings, Snellen's chart and also Arabian numbers, Korean letters, Pictures and so on. In Korea, the Hahn-chun-suk test chart has been In use generally alolng with Chung-san test chart and Jin-yong-han test chart also in use on the wall. But these sort of test charts hung on the wall have some problems such as the difference in test results owing to the rate of illumination and so a more accurate method is required. To solve the problem of inaccuracy in optometry, the projected type of charts with digital instrument such as the beam projector has been developed lately. This chart projector with consistent high resolution and the ability to provide various charts can help eye examiner perform effective examination and thus is looked positively upon as the automated total optometry system. So in this study our purpose is to examine the accuracy of the projected chart. It was done by comparing it with the frequently used test chart. The results of experiment are as follow. When the projected chart was used, cases that subject read charts one step higher were 10%, two step higher 2% than perfectly corrected vision. When Han-chun-suk test chart was used, cases that subject read charts one step higher were 12%, and two step higher were 4%.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.308-322
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• 2017

It is the purpose of the study to investigate how high school students understand the concept of carbon cycle according to their spatial perception ability. For this, a total of 30 male students and 33 female students, who belong to the science course of the 2nd grade at a general co-education high school located in a megalopolis of Korea and have finished the class of Earth Science I in the first semester, took part in the spatial perception ability test, and four male students and four female students were selected as members of two groups : one group of higher spatial perception ability and the other group of lower spatial perception ability, and they agreed to participate in the study and have got the test of the carbon cycle concept. The results are as followings. It was found that the students who had higher spatial perception ability recorded more scores in the carbon cycle concept, state change concept, and process concept at the factor of word association and the carbon cycle concept, state change and process concept at the factor of drawing than those who had lower spatial perception ability. Connecting link used in the systemic viewpoint was disclosed like this in the factor of causal map of those who had higher spatial perception ability : one student 2 and another one student 1 and the other two students 0 : and in the factor of drawing three students 1 and the other 0 ; But nothing was found in the factors of causal map and drawing of those who had lower spatial perception ability. In addition, it was also found that those students who had higher spatial perception ability, when compared with those students who had lower spatial perception ability, have understood the fact that carbon moves through the interaction of the earth system's lower parts; Three students, who showed higher spatial perception ability, had a low level of systemic thinking concept, and one student who had higher spatial perception ability and four students who had lower spatial perception ability did not have a systemic thinking concept.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.157-163
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• 2013

This study is to notify differences of H-T-P reactions between Juvenile delinquents groups classified by family system type. This study aims to know reaction of 'House' on each juvenile delinquents and apply to creative school education administration. The research was performed as below: First, Measuring and descriptive statistical analysis were performed. One hundred and twenty subjects who were youths disposed of Seoul nambu youth alternative education center. Data were collected from July to October in 2012. Then There were classified Two groups following subjects; 'parents family' and 'single parent family'. Second, Questionaries assessing demographic and H-T-P by Buck, N. Third, statistical analysis was done by SPSS for Window 18.0. To Verify the reliability of the measures and correlations between two groups, and to find out the difference of the reaction of 'House', were used frequency analysis and Pearson Chi-Square. The results of this is significant personality types of juvenile delinquents are followings; The Juvenile delinquents living 'Single parent family' have frustrations for their past and current family. Also they have mental conflicts for their family better than another group.