• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.15-26
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• 2015

Overall, college students tend to be immersed in the relatively safe employment, such as civil servants or public sector than start one's own business due to the lack of entrepreneurial spirit which made the great success in order to take the risk and innovative challenge. In this study, relationship between pre-founder of college students' self-determination, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial intentions are to be determined. As a result, the implications were derived in order to make pre-founder various ways of career decision beside employment. Therefore start-up training courses was verified by moderating effects. The results are first, high self-determination(Autonomy, Efficacy) of the pre-founder made positive impact on entrepreneurial intention. Second, high self-determination(Autonomy, Efficacy) of the pre-founder made positive impact on entrepreneurship. Third, entrepreneurship of the pre-founder made positive impact on entrepreneurial intention. Fourth, entrepreneurship was carried out a full mediating role in the relationship between self-determination and entrepreneurial intention. Finally, Pre-founder group who have taken entrepreneurship education have showed a positive relationship between high self-determination(Autonomy, Competence, Relationship) and entrepreneurial intention. Based on these results, especially pre-founders, in order to improve the willingness of university students entrepreneurship, highly motivated intrinsic motivation is needed to ensure the student's self-determination in University education. It looks that can be achieved through the strengthening of entrepreneurship education for autonomy, competence, efficacy improvement.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.400-413
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• 2017

It is necessary for inmates released from prison to recover their career capital in order to function normally in society. Failure to adapt to the society may not only make them unhappy but could also aggravate social safety nets. Therefore, it is critical to examine the recovery of career capital. For this study, we conducted in-depth interviews of 10 rehabilitation recipients who were supported by Korea Rehabilitation Agency. For qualitative analysis, several career topics were analyzed, such as obstacles in recovering career capital, efforts in overcoming these obstacles, what is helpful for them to overcome the obstacles and what is required for them to adapt to the career life and others. Analysis results found that the rehabilitation beneficiaries suffered loses to their career capital due to their incarceration, suffered from the loss of pride and became despondent in the process of recovery of career capital due to the negative social perception toward their social self, fear of social stigma and devaluation of themselves. In addition, the fear of possible negative evaluation was a critical factor in making their social activities more challenging. Conversely, it was found that social support in the recovery process of career capital has a positive effect. In particular, emotional support from spouses, employers, family members and friends are the most positive factors. Concerning efforts at adapting to careers, it was found that an active, leading and positive attitude toward the career were critical, showing that positive evaluation and recognition in family and social relations and the experience of success in the career were positive elements in enhancing a sense of pride. In summary, it was found that in the recovery process of career capital, dysfunctional beliefs had a negative effect, while social support had a positive effect, on the recovery of career capital.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.17
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• pp.203-227
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• 1989

본 연구의 목적은 유사한 문화적 배경을 공유한 일본, 한국, 대만의 도서관학 교육을 비교하여 유사점과 상이점을 발견하고 그들의 배경이유를 찾아서 사회와 도서관학 교육의 관계를 밝히는 것이다. 비교의 대상이 된 교육기관은 4년제 대학(교)의 도서관학과로 일본의 다섯 대학교, 한국의 아홉 대학교, 대만의 네 대학교의 도서관학 교육을 비교하였다. 연구가 증명하려고 시도한 가설은, 1. 일본, 한국, 대만은 유사한 문화적 배경을 공유하는 한편, 미국의 도서관학 교육을 받아들였으므로, 세 나라의 도서관학 교육에는 유사점들이 있을 것이다. 2. 상이점들이 있다면, 그것들은 각 국의 특성을 반영할 것이다. 3. 세 나라의 도서관학 교육에 유사점들이 있다면 도서관학 교육의 경향, 문제점들 및 전망도 비슷할 것이다. 가설의 증명을 위하여 교육의 목적, 교수진, 남$\cdot$여학생의 비율, 입학시의 학생들의 학력수준, 교과과정, 과정수료에 요구되는 특수조건, 교과서, 연구, 학과 도서실 및 시설, 학과와 도서관과의 협력관계, 정보학 교과목, 사회가 요구하는 도서관 봉사 및 그에 대응하는 도서관학 교육의 청도, 교육의 경향, 문제점 및 장래 그리고 학과 졸업생들의 도서관 취업률 등을 비교하였다. 비교의 결과 가설을 타당한 것으로 받아들일 수 있었다. 결론에 대한 설명과 아울러 도서관학 교육의 방향을 제언하였다. 1. 미국의 도서관학 교육이 근거로 한 이론적인 배경 및 개념을 재검토하여 적합한 것은 받아들이고, 필요한 경우에는 변형하여 적용하도록 노력해야 한다. 미국과 다른 나라의 실제 도서관 업무 및 봉사에 대한 이해를 토대로 하여 사서와 교육자가 함께 자국의 상황에 적합한 고유한 도서관학을 정립하여야 한다. 2. 도서관 이용 및 봉사에 보다 관심을 기울이고 바람직한 개념을 홍보하고 그것에 호응하는 환경을 만들기 위하여 노력해야 한다. 미래의 사서인 학생들을 이용자에게 접근하여 그들을 가르칠 수 있고 도서관을 이용하도록 유도할 수 있게끔 교육을 시켜야 할 것이다. 3. 미국 이외의 나라에서 실시되는 교육제도에도 관심을 가져야 할 것이다. 4. 도서관 및 도서관학 교육에 정부의 적극적인 지원이 필요하다. 다른 전문직과 같은 대우를 받으려면, 국가고시제도가 도입되어야 할 것이다. 5. 도서관협회가 도서관학 교육에 보다 적극적으로 참여해야 한다. 사서 자격증을 관할하는 단체가 될 수도 있고 교육의 내용에도 관여할 수 있다. 6. 도서관학과와 도서관과의 협력관계가 보다 강화되어야 하며, 도서관현장을 토대로 한 연구활동이 필요하다. 진정한 의미의 문제 해결을 위한 연구활동이 없이 이론적, 실제적인 발전을 기대할 수 없다. 7. 대학(교) 도서관 및 특수도서관의 사서를 위한 전문교육은 대학원 수준에서 제공되고, 학부의 도서관학 교육은 학교도서관 및 공공도서관의 사서를 위한 교육으로 전문화되어야 한다. 8. 도서관학의 교육자들이 모여 문제를 토론하고 해결책을 모색할 수 있는 기회가 제공되어야 하며, 세 나라가 공동의 경험을 나누고 문제를 함께 해결할 수 있는 공식적인 회의나 학회의 구성이 필요하다.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.10-14
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• 1987

우리나라는 이제 그동안의 꾸준한 노력의 결과로 자동차 수출국으로 발돋움하고 있으며 이 분야 에서으 선진국과의 경쟁이 점점 치열해질 전망이다. 이러한 세계 시장에서의 경쟁 대열에서 탈 락되지 않기 위해서는 무엇보다도 제품 품질의 향상, 원가의 절감 등이 이루어져야 할 것이며 이 에 대한 노력을 게을리 해서는 안될 것이다. 한편 이와는 별도로 좀더 다른 각도에서 자동차 공업의 방향을 고찰할 필요가 있다. 즉 미래에도 계속해서 현재의 왕복동 내연기관이 자동차 구동용으로 사용될 것인가 하는 점이다. 엔진의 성능 향상, 연비의 감소, 엄격한 배기가스 규 제에의 대처 등에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있지만 기술개발에는 한계가 있으며 제품은 점점 복잡하게 되어 결국은 제품가격 및 A/S 비용이 상승되는 역효과를 나타낼 가능성이 높다. 이에 세계적인 자동차 제조회사에서는 오래전부터 새로운 방식의 미래형 자동차 engine 개발에 착수 하였으며 계속적인 연구를 진행하고 있다. 이러한 미래형 자동차 engine의 대표적인 것으로 gas turbine engine이 있다. 가스터어빈이라 하면 우선 항공기용의 jet engine을 생각하게 된다. 그 외에 발전용으로 가스터어빈은 이용되고 있으며 근래 다시 등장한 자동차용의turbocharger 역시 가스터어빈의 한 응용분야라고 할 수 있다. turbocharger의 경우는 내연기관의 출력향상을 주 목적으로 내연기관에 부착되어 이용되고 있는 반면에 gas turbine engine은 기존의 내연기관을 대체하여 자동차 구동용으로 이용되는 점에 그 차이가 있다. 아직은 실용화되징 않았지만 미래형 자동차 기관으로서의 이용가능성이 높은 gas turbine engine을 다음에 간략히 소개하고자 한다. 생산량과 하천수에 의한 생산량과의 비는 풍건물의 경우 0.6, 매물의 경우 0.5였으며 감자의 경우는 0.2이하였다. 4. 염분용수 관개구와 하천수 관개구의 모든작물에서 풍건물 생산량과 축배량 사이에는 강한 직선적인 관계를 보였다. 보리, 감자의 작물 생산량과 축배량사이에도 선형의 관계가 성립되었으나, 밀과 옥수수의 매물 생산량과 축배량사이에는 곡선적인 관계를 나타내었다..18cm)에 필적되는 연평균 4.16cm로 나타났다. 5. 전체 시험구로부터으 연평균 토양유실량은 Sharpsburg 점질양토에 대한 S.C.S 한계허용치 10ton/ha/year 이내로 나타났다. 비처리구에서의 토양유실량은 평균 2.56ton/ha/year로 높게 나타난 반면 3개의 서로 다른 추리구인 비수구, 초생수로구 및 Bromegrass구에서는 각각 0.152, 0.192 및 0.290ton/ha/year로 낮은 결과를 가져왔다. 6. 평균 침전량에 대한 L.S.D. 검정 걸과 전시험구중 비처리구가 고도의 유의차를 나타낸 반면 비수구, 초생수로구 및 Bromegrass 목초구 간에는 아무런 유의차가 인정되지 않았다. 7. 농지보전 처리구인 배수구와 초생수로구는 비처리구에 비해 낮은 침두 유출량과 낮은 토양유실량을 나타내었다.구보다 14% 절감되는 것으로 나타났다.작용하는 것으로 사료된다.된다.정량 분석한 결과이다. 시편의 조성은 33.6 at% U, 66.4 at% O의 결과를 얻었다. 산화물 핵연료의 표면 관찰 및 정량 분석 시험시 시편 표면을 전도성 물질로 증착시키지 않고, Silver Paint 에 시편을 접착하는 방법으로도 만족한 시험 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.째, 회복기 중에 일어나는 입자들의 유입은 자기폭풍의 지속시간을 연장시키는 경향을 보이며 큰

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.37-47
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between nursing work environment perception, career barriers and career identity of graduating grade nursing college students and factors affecting career identity. The data collection was conducted from June 3 to June 28, 2019 with 212 students in grade 4 of C University in S city. Career identity, $2.65{\pm}0.46$, $3.23{\pm}.57$, and $2.28{\pm}.77$, respectively. Career identity was positively correlated with nursing working environment(r=-.654, p<.001) and career barrier(r=.319, p<.001). The nursing work environment was negatively correlated with career barriers(r=-.216, p<.001). The variables that affect the sense of course are the career barrier(${\beta}=-.527$, p=.000), recognition of nursing work environment(${\beta}=.131$, p=.014), practice satisfaction(${\beta}=-.154$, p=.009), and this variable showed an explanatory power of 50.1% on career identity. Therefore, it is necessary to make efforts at the school to enhance awareness of nursing work environment and satisfaction in practice, improve clinical practice, and lower the career barrier through support and support from hospital and nursing managers.

• The Korean Journal of Vision Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.403-411
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• 2018

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to analyze how the certain efforts of the optical shops affect on opticians' job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and to analyze how opticians' job satisfaction and organizational commitment affect on the customer orientation and to suggest the method of maintaining competitiveness. Methods : Two hundred opticians took participations on the surveys via the Internet survey method and social network system (SNS), and SPSS 18.0 statistics program was used for data analysis; frequency analysis, T-test, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted. Results : It is analyzed the differences on the job satisfaction and organizational commitment in accordance with type of optical shops, conducting 5 working days/week and flexible time. As a result, higher job satisfaction is presented with 5 working days/week. Relationships with co-workers statistically affect on job satisfaction positively and emotional labor and work overload statistically affect on job satisfaction negatively. In addition, relationships with co-workers and reward statistically affect on organizational commitment positively and emotional labor and work overload statistically affect on organizational commitment negatively. And opticians' job satisfaction and organizational commitment statistically affect on customer satisfaction positively. Conclusion : It is necessary for the optical shops to make an effort for their opticians to improve the job satisfaction and organizational commitment. And to do so, it is needed to form trusting and respecting relationships with co-workers or superiors. In addition, it is necessary to have continuous communication and education for opticians' self-management. Also, it is needed to establish an effective reward system.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.403-425
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• 2011

Canada became the first OECD/DAC member state that legislated the ODA Accountability Act in 2008, which prescribe Canada ODA policies to meet the guidelines and norms of international human rights while other OECD/DAC member states was just emphasizing the importance of abiding by the international human rights norms. Paying attention to the Canadian case, this article critically examines under what structural environments and process this Act was passed. This article argues that the legislation of the ODA Accountability Act is closely related with Canada's international position as middle power and diplomatic strategies. Bring up the human security issues as a niche market, Canada demonstrates the characteristics of middle power state by emphasizing human rights agenda as new foreign policy strategies. Reflecting on the negative outcomes from neoliberal aid policy of structural adjustment and promoting the new aid norms in post cold war era would also help foster the enabling environment for the value-oriented aid policies and enactment of the Accountability Act. Civil society organizations were also playing catalyst role in constructing Canada's state identity of human rights defender.

• The Korean Journal of Coaching Psychology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.25-51
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to deeply explore the communication process with team members perceived by team leader. To this end, in-depth interviews were conducted with 10 team leaders, and analyzed according to the grounded theory research method procedure suggested by Strauss and Corbin. As a results, a total of 51 concepts, 17 subcategories, and 8 categories were derived. As a causal condition, the concept of 'contemplating and reinterpreting communication necessary for the organization' was derived, and the central phenomenon was 'intentional effort made in parallel with work and private conversations'. The contextual condition was 'recognizing the need to cope with environmental changes', and the mediating condition was 'self-reflection and self-coaching time' was derived. The action/interaction strategy was conceptualized as a communication process with task-oriented coping, conflict resolution coping, and relationship promotion coping, and was confirmed as 'recognizing virtuous cycle communication within the organization' as a result of interaction with the central phenomenon. As a result of analysis of the team leader's communication process, the effort stage, approach stage, coping stage, and cycle stage were shown. As a result of the type analysis, task-oriented coping was a facilitator, conflict resolution coping was a supporter, and relationship promotion coping was a considerate. This study is an empirical study on how the corporate team leader perceives and expresses communication in the relationship with the team members.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.98-116
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• 2021

With the advent of the era of the 4th industrial revolution, various factors such as economy, management, and culture are changing in modern society, unlike in the past. Among them, the main characteristic of management is the change from intangible goods to tangible goods, and companies are trying to pursue innovation such as introducing a new management method, converting from manufacturing to service, and expanding technology. However, with regard to human resources, which is becoming the most important for sustainable value creation in a changing era, efforts to enable practical innovation are lacking as they are still in a simple transition. Therefore, in this study, after recognizing the importance of human resources, we verified the relationship between the elements of the human resource in the service economy era according to organizational culture and organizational structure. The relationship between organizational culture and organizational structure by type was verified using the items of human resources, we verified the relationship between the elements of the human resource in the service economy era that were derived and verified in recent research. As a result, there were some significant differences in the image of human resources, we verified the relationship between the elements of the human resource by organizational culture and type of organization, but when the two factors were combined and interpreted, it was found that all of the human resources, we verified the relationship between the elements of the human resource in the service economy era were necessary. However, in order to overcome the limitation that the indicators of this study were limited, it is necessary to continue research through samples that consider various factors in the future and systematic classification by type of organization and industry by industry.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.266-275
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• 1998

Purpose: We measured pulmonary epithelial permeability by $^{99m}Tc-DTPA$ radioaerosol clearance in patients with diabetes and correlated with the presence of microangiopathy to understand the pathophysiology of pulmonary microangiopathy and evaluate $^{99m}Tc-DTPA$ radioaerosol clearance as a diagnostic test to assess pulmonary microangiopathy. Materials and Methods: We performed $^{99m}Tc-DTPA$ radioaerosol scan in 10 normal subjects, 10 asymptomatic smokers, 20 diabetic patients without history of smoking (10 with microangiopathy, 10 without microangiopathy). $^{99m}Tc-DTPA$ clearance half-time ($T_{1/2}$) was calculated, then compared with the result of chest radiography and pulmonary function test. Results: Chest radiography and pulmonary function test were normal in all subjects. There were no significant difference of clinical or laboratory characteristics between these groups except age. The diabetic patients with microangiopathy were significantly older (p<0.05). The $T_{1/2}$ of normal subjects and asymptomatic smokers were significantly different ($65.2{\pm}23.7min$ vs $39.6{\pm}9.8min$, p<0.05). For diabetic patients with microangiopathy, the $T_{1/2}$ was $90.5{\pm}46.5min$ and significantly delayed when compared with those of normals and asymptomatic smokers (p<0.05). However, the $T_{1/2}$ of diabetic patients without microangiopathy, $70.0{\pm}12.7min$, was not significantly different from those of normals or asymptomatic smokers (p>0.05). No significant correlation was found between the $T_{1/2}$ and spirometric parameters including DLco, FVC, $FEV_1,\;FEV_1/FVC$ (%) and $FEF_{25-75%}$ in all subjects, and between the $T_{1/2}$ and duration of diabetes ;in diabetic patients. Conclusion: Eventhough the influence of age can't be excluded, delayed $^{99m}Tc-DTPA$ clearance half-time ($T_{1/2}$) in diabetic patients with microangiopathy indicates decreased pulmonary capillary permeability as one of the pathophysiologic results of pulmonary microangiopaththy. Further studies are needed in larger number of age matched control and diabetic patients to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy.