• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.771-780
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• 2013

Inspection system which was performed in the past selected the final winning bidder by separating Pre-Qualification, the basic design evaluation and price evaluation. However, turnkey and alternative bidding construction has selected way to determine the successful bidder as the best design and the most low cost method, comprehensive evaluation method (bid price adjustment, design score adjustments, weights standard), the best design and the fixed amount method from january 1, 2010 to the present. Due to these institutional problems, orders institutions were often a way to determine the successful bidder to apply differently for identical or similar construction. Therefore this study winning bidder selection criteria through analysis of construction the number and construction order performance, order performance by work division and institutional orders, the weights bidder order performance and orders status of turnkey alternative tendering construction to civil part performed in domestic.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.7 no.4 s.32
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• pp.91-99
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is propose an Artificial Neural Network(ANN) model for the construction estimate of the public educational facility at conceptual stage. The current method for the preliminary cost estimate of the public educational facility uses a single-parameter which is based on basic criteria such as a gross floor area. However, its accuracy is low due to the nature of the method. When the difference between the conceptual estimate and detailed estimate is huge, the project has to be modified to meet the established budget. Thus, the ANN model is developed by using multi-parameters in order to estimate the project budget cost more accurately. The result of the research shows 6.82% of the testing error rates when the developed model was tested. The error rates and the error range of the developed model are smaller than those of the general preliminary estimating model at conceptual stage. Since the proposed ANN model was trained using the detailed estimate information of the past 5 years' school construction data, it is expected to forecast the school project cost accurately.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.85-94
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• 2009

In cost estimation of construction, several methods including quantity-per-unit costing, job costing, unit cost estimation and lumpsum estimation are being utilized in Korea. Among them, a Quantity-per-unit Costing Method is used as a standard of cost estimation in public and private works. This paper presents the realistic job-costing method on all road construction tasks through statistical analyses with field survey data to solve the problems induced by the existing quantity-per-unit costing method. Furthermore, it was found that the newly developed job costing method is able to produce a simple costing procedure and a more actual construction cost estimation by a case study, which was performed to compare particular construction costs produced by two different methods, existing quantity-per-unit costing and newly developed job costing. These methods is compared by Case-study about sub-base. In the case of Job costing method, the estimate is shorter than the other case about 50% and can make up for the weak point about instrument in the current Standard of cost estimation. And it can be depict by Job Costing method about progress of work for using by a plan about construction management.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.4 no.4 s.16
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• pp.106-113
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• 2003

The purpose of this thesis is to provide an appropriate trade-off information for the conflicting interests caused by the various factors between building owner and contractor during selecting the contractor and performing the construction work, in which the construction was contracted by open bidding from the government or private organizations. In order to propose the legitimate evidence, the differences between the domestic contract sheet of drawing change and the process of drawing change and those of the foreign countries were compared and analysed The number of construction ordered in Youngdong area in 2001 whose construction expenses are more than 100,000,000 won is 218 items and 147,005,000,000 won in total cost Among them, the number of 218 items whose total cost amounts to 16,705,000,000 (11.36$\%$) is in case of increase of construction expenses due to the drawing changes, and the number of 48 items whose tool cost amounts to 2,009,000,000 won (1.37$\%$) is the case of decrease. In conclusions, the contractor could have more benefits than the building owner in case they submit the detailed estimate sheet without eliminating the increasing expenses of construction. It is shown that the building owner's loss is increasing whenever the labor cost is higher material cost Therefore, this thesis proposes a proper standards for the harmonious compromise between the contractor and the building owner for the problems caused by the drawing changes when the contract agreement is occurred.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.164-177
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• 2013

From 2010 years to 2013, the selection method of successful bidder has been changed design suitable lowest method, comprehensive evaluation method(bid price adjustment, design score adjustments, weight standards), fixed amount best design method. Therefore this study was presented by analyzing the impact on the domestic construction industry according the way to determine the successful bidder, the evaluation order method and the operational issues through the analysis of order status, order number, results of acceptance an order, success rate range, results of acceptance an order according to weight success rate, results of acceptance an order by work type and order institution of a turnkey alternative tendering construction performed in domestic civil part.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.109-116
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• 2010

A construction project consists of many types of contracts. In the process of selecting the successful contractor after bidding, there will inevitably be fierce competition, which may lead to corruption or bribery. Even after signing the contract, during the period of settling the amount of the contract, bribery could occur. Such corruption could harm the development of the construction industry. It is, therefore, necessary to establish a strategy to prevent corruption by strengthening the transparency of the bidding process. In this study, to prevent corruption in the construction industry, a new service is proposed in which the successful bidder is selected by a professional third party, and the introduction of diverse delivery systems for construction projects and the invigoration of alternative methods of settling disputes are also proposed in this study.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.33-41
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• 2021

This study identified the scale that traditional landscape design has taken up by analyzing a total of 1037 services for design of cultural heritage that had been ordered by the government agencies from 2018 to 2020, and has drawn characteristics of traditional landscape design focusing on major cases. The results are as follows. First, the number of order cases for traditional landscape design has shown differences annually in the services of design of cultural heritage, but the design amount has been found to have the similar average annually, which confirmed that the same level has been maintained each year. It was found that the number of cases of traditional landscape design requiring responsibilities or participations of landscape engineers for 3 years in the entire design had a high proportion of approximately 26%. Second, the traditional landscape design has required professional knowledge and experiences of landscape engineers that could not be replaced by the business operator for design of cultural heritage consisting of architects. The expertise has been shown differently depending on types of construction. First, the topographical design for the work to build a foundation has required understanding of ground shapes and its elevations and professional knowledge on calculation of the amount of the earth work and the remains maintenance technique etc. The plantation design has required basic knowledge on growth characteristics of trees and the environment for growth and understanding of the vegetation landscape of the past. Meanwhile, the design for traditional pavement and traditional landscape structures and facilities has required the expertise on traditional materials that are different from the modern ones and their processing and construction methods. The understanding of changes to water paths and ecosystem, the principles of fluids, and characteristics of each type of fluid was essential for the design for the ecological landscape work including the maintenance of a water system such as rivers etc. As such, the traditional landscape design has a scale accounting for approximately one fourth of the entire cultural heritage design and requires the expertise differentiated from other fields. This improves the provisions of the current law on limiting the actual design, suggesting the need for the establishment of a traditional landscape design company so that all traditional landscape designs can be carried out by landscape engineers.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.117-129
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• 2021

This study intends to verify the effectiveness of incentive schemes at Busan Port' aimed at promoting transshipment cargo. The current incentive schemes of Busan port intended to increase the T/S cargo volume have been disputed constantly. It is imperative, therefore, to restructure the system in accordance with the planned strategy. In this study, in order to ensure objectivity of the incentive schemes, all the parties (carriers, terminal operators and Port Authority) with a direct interest are answered and analyzed using the AHP methodology. Effectiveness is the top priority in the analysis of beneficiary validity of incentive schemes, when incentives are provided to Global overseas carriers compared with Global national carriers, IntraAsia carriers and Terminal operators. In the analysis of incentive schemes, direct cash support corresponding to the quantity of the T/S cargo had the highest effectiveness compared with exemption of port dues, cost compensation, port infrastructure support and subsidy for the service opening. The study results, therefore, reference the Port Authority when restructuring the schemes. This study has been conducted only focusing on the Busan port; however, the findings may have significant implications for overseas Port Authorities intending to implement incentive systems to promote cargo volumes similar to those at Busan port.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.117-124
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• 2007

This paper is about the Extra-High voltage distribution system in the customer's area. The power loss in the distribution system in the customer's area is disregarded and rarely managed so far. But, economically, this loss is not small quality to ignore. So, in this paper, we calculate the power loss of the Extra-High voltage distribution system in the customer's area by changing the locations of power transformer and other power facilities to decrease power loss in decreased secondary line length. And we also show the payback time of the proposed Extra-High voltage distribution system in the customer's area by simplified calculations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.117-120
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• 2005

The business market of architecture has got a system that controls a deposit according to the price function. This system is written on a law of contract about countries. So the main body of construction has to make a reasonable contract. This study is written about a rate of numerical index on controling a deposit. We tried to fine problems and solutions of labor expenses, instrument costs and material costs which is so big and changable on the construction market Labor expenses are expressed according to the rate of construction scale between direct and indirect cost that applies ability of works. Instrument costs are expressed according to an output method of a unit price annually and a weight allowance of local instrument conditions and use frequence. The last material costs expressed according to a local weight allowance make a decision of the material cost index. They applies locally relative index more than absolute one on what uses the price rate of producers and importations. This solutions are not enough to apply to the real market, so it needs to exam and to be on the market after a feasibility study.