• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.81-96
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• 2024

This study analyzed the differences in the effects on entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial willingness of college students under the coronavirus pandemic by dividing theoretical education into practical education, face-to-face education, and non-face-to-face education, and analyzed the differences in the effects on entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship willingness according to the education method. This study conducted entrepreneurship education for 552 students at a comprehensive university in Chungcheong-do, Korea, and analyzed the sample by dividing it into theoretical and practical education, face-to-face education, and non-face-to-face education. In addition, a two-way repeated measures ANOVA was conducted to determine whether there were differences in the entrepreneurship education course operation form according to the pre- and post-education time points. The results showed that, first, the difference between the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education before and after theoretical and practical education was significant, and the entrepreneurship of practical education was higher than that of theoretical education after education. In the test of pre- and post-training differences in entrepreneurial intention, the difference in effectiveness was significant only in practical training. Second, the results of the repeated measures ANOVA analysis of the course operation type of theoretical and practical courses according to the difference between the pre- and post-education time points showed that there were differences in the entrepreneurship effectiveness of theoretical and practical courses according to the time point of education. Third, the difference in the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education according to face-to-face and non-face-to-face education was significant, and only the effect of non-face-to-face education on entrepreneurial intention was significant before and after education. Fourth, the results of repeated measures ANOVA analysis of face-to-face and non-face-to-face course operation type showed that the effect of face-to-face and non-face-to-face entrepreneurship education differed depending on the time of education. The pre-post difference in entrepreneurial intention was significant only for the non-face-to-face program. The implication of this study is that in order to increase the effectiveness of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial will among university students, it is necessary to expand the amount of practical classes in which students actively participate in activities related to entrepreneurship. In addition, in order to increase the effectiveness of entrepreneurial will, a non-face-to-face education method that utilizes the metaverse space and increases the role of each student can contribute to increasing the effectiveness of entrepreneurial will.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1116-1120
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• 2006

하천주변 저지대에 주택이나 공장 등의 시설물 집중과 산지의 개발 및 인구 집중으로 인한 도시화 지역의 증가로 홍수 피해는 더욱 커지고 있다. 특히, 상습침수지구의 주민들은 항상 재해로부터 위험을 느끼고 있으므로 새로운 재해관리체계를 구축하여 이에 대한 확고한 대책이 필요하다. 최근 인터넷 사용의 증가로 많은 사용자들이 웹을 통해 다양한 데이터를 공유하고 있으며, 이러한 추세는 더욱 더 증가할 것이다. 인터넷은 다양한 정보를 네트워크를 통해 사용자에게 실시간으로 제공하고 있으며, 통신기술의 발전, 네트워크 통합화 속에서 그 내용과 방식이 더욱 다양해지고 있다. GIS분야에 있어서도 인터넷 네트워크를 이용하여 분산되어 있는 많은 조직이나 사용자들에게 그 기능과 서비스를 제공하는 추세로 바뀌고 있다. Internet GIS는 원격 지리정보 데이타에 대한 접근, 전송, 분석 및 GIS를 표현하는 수단으로 인터넷을 이용하는 특별한 GIS 도구이다. Internet GIS는 전통적인 GIS 소프트웨어가 가지고 있는 대부분의 기능은 물론 인터넷 및 그와 관련된 WWW 및 FTP 프로토콜의 장점을 가지는 부가적인 기능들을 포함할 수 있다. 이들 부가적인 기능은 원격 데이타 및 응용 프로그램의 교환, 지역 컴퓨터에 GIS 응용 프로그램 없이 GIS 분석 기능을 수행, 인터넷상에서 상호작용하는 지도 및 데이타를 표현하는 기능들을 포함한다. Internet GIS는 객체지향적이고 상호운영적이며, 분산적이라는 주요한 특징을 갖는다. 인터넷에서 각각의 GIS 데이타 및 기능성은 하나의 객체로서 서로 다른 서버에 위치하며 필요시 조합 또는 통합되어 운영된다. Internet GIS를 이용한 상습침수지구 지역정보 제공사이트를 구축하기 위해서는 인터넷으로 서비스 할 수 있는 인터넷용 상습침수지구 GIS기본도를 구축이 필요하다. 인터넷 서비스를 위한 상습침수지구 기본도는 또 다른 형태의 주제도라고 볼 수 있으며, 이를 구축하기 위해서는 자료변환 및 가공이 필요하다. 즉, 각 상습침수지구에 필요한 지형도는 국립지리원에서 제작된 1:5,000 수치지형도가 있으나 이는 자료가 방대하고 상습침수지구에 필요하지 않은 자료들을 많이 포함하고 있으므로 상습침수지구의 데이터를 인터넷을 통해 서비스하기 위해서는 많은 불필요한 레이어의 삭제, 서비스 속도를 고려한 데이터의 일반화작업, 지도의 축소.확대 등 자료제공 방식에 따른 작업 그리고 가시성을 고려한 심볼 및 색채 디자인 등의 작업이 수반되어야 하며, 이들을 고려한 인터넷용 GIS기본도를 신규 제작한다. 상습침수지구와 관련된 각종 GIS데이타와 각 기관이 보유하고 있는 공공정보 가운데 공간정보와 연계되어야 하는 자료를 인터넷 GIS를 이용하여 효율적으로 관리하기 위해서는 단계별 구축전략이 필요하다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 인터넷 GIS를 이용하여 상습침수구역관련 정보를 검색, 처리 및 분석할 수 있는 상습침수 구역 종합정보화 시스템을 구축토록 하였다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.141-156
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• 2010

In this paper, understanding there is a limitation with a comprehensive and network approach for the evaluation of existing vehicle and pedestrian environments, the authors focus on developing an integrated approach to assessing these environments. The network evaluation here means the assessment at a three-dimensional level that includes evaluation methods of lines/axes in a spatial concept as well as integration of evaluation indicators being used for vehicles and the walking environment. Grey System Theory (GST) was applied based on the theoretical background for network and comprehensive integrated evaluation, and the evaluation of the vehicle and pedestrian environment was performed by assigning target areas to walking preference zones. As a result of the comprehensive evaluation and analysis by GST, even if the service level is the same as the operating indicators (Highway Capacity Manual) of the vehicle and pedestrian environment, or relatively better, it was identified that the total score could be varied over Grey Category because the observed data are calculated after considering the weights between evaluation indicators by the range of Grey Category on the comprehensive evaluation. Considering comprehensively these points, although the indicators on the operation of roads are relatively good, in the event that the indicators on the safety of roads are bad, it was known that the scores over Grey Category also could be changed. The result is that this evaluation method can be used to evaluate the network concept per lane (per axis) as well as to diagnose the current state by type of urban street in the future.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.279-290
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• 2010

This study is to investigate the direction for management of informal science education center by survey of participants' satisfaction and implication. The place to study was Gwacheon National Science Museum in Kyung-gi province. $4,322m^2$ for the education space can make education done effectively. And attendees of their own education program are over 10,000 per year. 87 students who attend education program and 78 of their parents joined the survey of participants' satisfaction. The results of this study show that most of the participants want informal science education center to be able to make up for school education in part of promoting scientific literacy, heuristic method and scientific attitude. Things to be improved were feedback about student activity, segmentation of the education program for each grade, public relations exercise of program and advanced method of teaching based on each subject of classes. As ideas for improvement, it seemed that making long term program for continuous participant, limiting participant appropriately, developing guide manual of teaching, improving publicity of program were required.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.98-105
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• 2022

It is essential for vertical smart farms that artificially grow crops in an enclosed space to properly utilize air environment facilities to create an appropriate growth environment. However, domestic vertical smart farm companies are creating a growing environment by relying on empirical data rather than systematic methods. Using IoT to create a growing environment based on systematic and precise monitoring can increase crop production yield and maximize profitability. This study aims to construct a monitoring system using IoT and to analyze the cause by demonstrating the imbalance of temperature environment, which is a significant factor in crop cultivation. 1) The horizontal temperature distribution of the multi-layer shelf was measured with different operating methods of LED and air conditioner. As a result, there was a temperature difference of "up to 1.7℃" between the sensors. 2) As a result of measuring the vertical temperature distribution, the temperature difference was "up to 6.3℃". In order to reduce this temperature gap, a strategy for proper arrangement and operation of air conditioning equipment is required.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.14-14
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• 2023

산업발전에 따른 인구증가, 기후위기에 따른 가뭄 및 물 부족심화, 그리고 수질오염 등은 2015년 제79차 UN총회의 물 안보측면에서 국제사회의 물 분야 위기관리를 위해 2030년을 지속가능한 발전 목표(Sustainable Development Goals)로 하였다. 또한, 현재 물 산업은 빠르게 성장하고 있으며, 2016년 세계경제포럼(World Economic Forum) 의장 클라우스 슈밥(Klaus Schwab)부터 주창된 제4차 산업혁명로 인해 현재 물 산업의 패러다임 또한 급속히 변화하고 있다. 이는 컴퓨터를 기반으로 하는 CPS(Cyber Physical System) 및 DT(Digital Twin) 연계 분석방식의 혁신을 일컫는다. 2002년경에 DT의 기본개념이 제시되었고, 2006년경에는 Embedded System에서의 DT와 같은 개념으로 CPS의 용어가 등장했다. DT는 현실세계에 존재하는 사물, 시스템, 환경 등을 S/W시스템의 가상공간에 동일하게 모사(Virtualization) 및 모의(Simulation)할 수 있도록 하고, 모의결과를 가상시스템으로 현실세계를 최적화 체계 구현 기술을 말한다. DT의 6가지 기능은 ① 실제 데이터(Live Data), ② 모사, ③ 분석정보(Analytics), ④ 모의, ⑤ 예측(Predictions), ⑥ 자동화(Automation) 이다. 또한, CPS는 대규모 센서 및 액추에이터(Actuator)를 가지는 물리적 요소와 이를 실시간으로 제어하는 컴퓨팅 요소가 결합된 복합시스템을 말한다. CPS는 물리세계에서 발생하는 변화를 감지할 수 있는 다양한 센서를 통해 환경인지 기능을 수행한다. 센서로부터 수집된 정보와 물리세계를 재현 및 투영하는 고도화된 시스템 모델들을 기반으로 사이버 물리공간을 인지·분석·예측할 수 있다. CPS의 6가지 구성요소는 ① 상호 운용성(Interoperability), ② 가상화(Virtualization), ③ 분산화(Decentralization), ④ 실시간(Real-time Capability), ⑤ 서비스 오리엔테이션(Service Orientation), ⑥ 모듈화(Modularity)이다. DT와 CPS는 본질적으로 같은 목적, 내용, 그리고 결과를 만들어내고자 하는 같은 종류의 기술이라고 할 수 있다. CPS 및 DT는 물리세계에서 발생하는 변화를 감지할 수 있으며, 토양-지하수 센서를 포함한 관측기술을 통해 환경인지 기능을 수행한다. 지하수 관측기술로부터 수집된 정보와 물리세계를 재현 및 투영하는 고도화된 시스템 모델들을 기반으로 사이버 물리공간 및 디지털 트윈 공간을 인지·분석·예측할 수 있다. CPS 및 DT의 기본 요소들을 실현시키는 것은 양질의 데이터를 모니터링할 수 있는 정확하고 정밀한 1차원 연직 프로파일링 관측기술이며, 이를 토대로 한 수자원 관련 빅데이터의 증가, 빅데이터의 저장과 분석을 가능하게 하는 플랫폼의 개발이다. 본 연구는 CPS 및 DT 기반 토양수분-지하수 관측기술을 이용한 지표수-지하수 연계, 지하수 순환 및 관리, 정수 운영 및 진단프로그램 개발을 위한 토양수분-지하수 관측장치를 지하수 플랫폼 동시성과 디지털 트윈 시뮬레이터 시스템 개발 방향으로 제시하고자 한다.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.499-511
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• 2015

A room-and-pillar underground structure is characterized by its grid-type array of galleries. As a result, its construction and economical efficiency can be governed by excavation sequence of galleries. Therefore, this study aims to study the optimum excavation scheme of a room-and-pillar underground structure by considering its various design factors such as ground conditions and excavation sequences. Drill-and-blast method is assumed as a excavation method for a room-and-pillar underground structure. In addition, two kinds of excavation patterns corresponding to a concurrent and a sequential excavation patterns are considered in this study. For the assumed conditions, the structural stability and the construction efficiency based on the number of faces and the travel distance of a jumbo drilling machine are analyzed for the two excavation patterns. Even though the two kinds of excavation patterns show almost the same structural stability as each other, the concurrent excavation pattern is relatively preferable to the sequential excavation pattern in terms of the number of faces in operation and travel distance of a drilling jumbo.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.13-25
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• 2008

Although competitions for large parks are increasing rapidly across the world, theoretical research and critiques of these competitions are as yet insufficient. The 'International Design Competition for Central Open Space in Multi-functional Administrative City, Korea', a representative competition for large park design, can be a significant resource for examining the contemporary design strategies that go into the design of a large park. In this study, the authors make a framework for analysis by looking at the competition's design guidelines and literatures on 'large parks', and by then analyzing the ten finalists. Four questions that were derived from the framework were: 'what are the approaches to large parks?', 'what is the process of design?', 'what is the sustainability of the park?', and 'what are the relations between city and park?' The results of the study are as follows. First, the design concepts for large parks are primarily site-specific. It is particularly important in ensuring the identity of the large park. Second, it is difficult to find design proposals which satisfy the four main questions sufficiently, and works submitted tend to be visual-oriented, form-oriented, and results-centered. Third, the notion of 'sustainability' in large parks is a comprehensive one which includes various aspects such as ecology, finance, programming, and community. However, the notion remains ambiguous, and plans for operation and management are not concretely proposed. Finally, design proposals for large parks accompany positive relations with the city. Especially, 'productive parks' and 'city self-sufficiency' are very important demands in regards to large parks.

• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.177-188
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• 2019

The purpose of the optimization of the installation of supply/exhaust ports for tunnels with transverse ventilation system is to supply fresh air from outside to inside of tunnels uniformly and exhaust pollutant from tunnels properly for creating safe and clean environment for tunnel users. For this purpose, a ventilation port area optimization program was developed to obtain a uniform supply or exhaust air volume inside a great depth double deck tunnel with transverse ventilation system. In order to area optimize the developed port sizing program, the wind velocity was measured in the duct of the currently operated tunnel with semi-transverse ventilation. Also 3D cfd was performed on the same tunnel and cfd results were compared to the measured value. As a result, the error rate between the predicted value from the program and measured value was 6.72%, while the error rate between the predicted value from the program and 3D cfd analysis value was 4.86%. Both of comparison results show less than 10% of error rate. Thus It is expected that supply/exhaust port optimization design of transverse ventilation tunnel can be possible with using this large exhaust port area optimization program.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.208-221
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• 2020

The objective of this study is to estimate and analyze the traffic density of continuous flow using the trajectory of individual vehicles and the headway of sample probe vehicles-front vehicles obtained from ADAS (Advanced Driver Assitance System) installed in sample probe vehicles. In the past, traffic density of continuous traffic flow was mainly estimated by processing data such as traffic volume, speed, and share collected from Vehicle Detection System, or by counting the number of vehicles directly using video information such as CCTV. This method showed the limitation of spatial limitations in estimating traffic density, and low reliability of estimation in the event of traffic congestion. To overcome the limitations of prior research, In this study, individual vehicle trajectory data and vehicle headway information collected from ADAS are used to detect the space on the road and to estimate the spatiotemporal traffic density using the Generalized Density formula. As a result, an analysis of the accuracy of the traffic density estimates according to the sampling rate of ADAS vehicles showed that the expected sampling rate of 30% was approximately 90% consistent with the actual traffic density. This study contribute to efficient traffic operation management by estimating reliable traffic density in road situations where ADAS and autonomous vehicles are mixed.