• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.518-528
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• 2013

A number of schools have introduced the Reward and Punishment Mark System. It has been applied to children at school in order to minimize the ill effects that are often caused by physical punishment. In this case, teachers have caused problematic issues in the course of student life guidance at school. However, the application of the personal Reward and Punishment Mark System raises many other questions as well. Accordingly, there is the necessity of making up for its weak points on the systematic level. The purpose of this study is to understand the Effect of the Collective Reward and Punishment Mark System, as a substitute punishment to the physical punishment, applying the reward and punishment mark system not to an individual but to a group. The Collective Reward and Punishment Mark System for the upper grade students of primary schools showed a positive effect which assists their adaptation to school. To put it more concretely, according to the characters of the study subjects, the system has proved that boy students are more positively affected than girl students. It has been also revealed that those students in the fourth grade experience a positive change in all areas of the adaptation to school, while those in the fifth and the sixth grade were negatively affected. Moreover, those who hold a lower rank in respect of grade achievement experienced a more positive change than those standing among a high rank. It is expected that the Effect of the Collective Reward and Punishment Marks System, on the basis of the study, possesses affirmative intervention on the field.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.5-34
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• 2007

This study explores the effects of philanthropy education for elementary school students by using a mixed method. To examine the effects of philanthropy education, two different approaches in research methods are conducted with different data collected from different target groups on the same phenomenon: a) experimental designs to analyze students' change(prosocial behaviors) by philanthropy education program performed in a summer camp(43 participants) and elementary schools(162 students); and b) qualitative analysis on students' changes in perceptual, attitudinal, and behavioral aspects by students' diary and memorandum(66 participants) and intensive interviews with teachers(5 teachers) and parents(4 mothers). The analysis of both quantitative and qualitative results shows that philanthropy education has effects on students' changes in diverse aspects including prosocial behavior. First, the results of quantitative analysis show that in every component of the prosocial behavior such as helping, being kind, empathizing, sharing, protecting, and cooperating, students have positive changes after philanthropy education. Such changes are statistically significant as well. Second, the results of qualitative analysis show that students after having philanthropy education display positive changes in diverse aspects. Particularly, the quantitative results are converged with the qualitative results from students, parents, and teachers. On the other hand, unique finding from qualitative analysis is that students after having philanthropy education can have fundamental changes in their personality. Such a change is commonly confirmed by students, parents, and teachers. This study makes it possible to compare results or to validate, confirm, or corroborate quantitative results with qualitative findings on the effects of philanthropy education for students.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.150-167
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• 2001

This cross sectional study was done to find out the situation of computer online pornography access by 4th to 6th grade elementary school students. The subjects of this study were three elementary schools in Andong, which were selected randomly and 120 students randomly selected from 4th to 6th grade for a total of 360 students. The questionnaire was composed with the help of a community health nursing professor and through the reference review. The collected data were analysed by a PC SPSS 10.0 according to school grade and sex, an 12-test was implemented to learn what percent of students have computers and software which prohibit the viewing of online pornography, access motivation and time, content viewed, attitude after accessing the contents, and opinions about computer online pornography. The results of this study were as follows. 1. A total of 86.1% of students had computers at home. Most students placed computers in their own room, 78.9% of students had computer online communication experience. Higher grade students tended to have more experience of communications on the internet (P<0.001). Most students chatted on the internet once or twice a week and higher grade students tended to communicate online more frequently. (P<0.001). Most students used computers more than one hour a day (P<0.05). They used computers according to the following priorities: game, studying, listening to music, communications, chatting. 2. Regarding the frequency of going computer online more than seven times per week, male students showed a higher frequency than female students (P<0.05). Male students used computers more than one hour a day and female students less than half an hour (P<0.001). Male students mostly used computers to play computer games. On the other hand. female students used the computer to study, listen to music, and chat (P<0.001). 3. Regarding software installation to prevent access of computer online pornography, a total of 19.4% of students responded they installed one. but 80.6% didn't have any, 20.3% of students had accessed pornography, 46.6% of students responded. they first get to know to the computer online pornography through friends. 4. The reasons for accessing computer online pornography were ranked as follows: curiosity, interest, to release stress, and sex drive (P<0.05). Obscene contents were found in computer games, pictures, and video. Among these, pictures were the most common. 5. Regarding students' attitude toward online pornography, most students responded that they took much pleasure in the contents (P<0.05). 6. Regarding the question 'Does online pornography degrade morals and cause a sex crime', most students responded as 'no'. They also responded positively to the suggestion that the contents would be effective in preventing sex crimes and to release stress. 74.7% of students responded that males' access of the contents as proper but females' access as immoral. Regarding social efforts to protect students from this harmful environment. most replied that those efforts were unnecessary (P<0.001).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.122-129
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• 2019

This study was to investigate the moderating effect of the protective factors in the relationship between impulsivity and suicide behavior of elementary school students. This study surveyed total 573 elementary school students located in Seoul. They completed survey questionnaires of impulsivity, suicide behavior and protective factors. Collected data was examined using correlation analyses and hierarchical multiple regression analyses. First, a total of 29(5.1%) students reported suicide plan, 17(3.0%) students reported suicide attempts and the rate of suicide behavior was 7.1%(n=41). Second, there was a negative relationship between impulsivity and protective factors and a positive relationship between impulsivity and suicide behavior. Also, it was found that the protective factors(individual factor, family factor, peer factor, school factor) moderated the relationship between impulsivity and suicide behavior of elementary school students. The implications and limitations of this study were discussed.

• (The) Korean Journal of Educational Psychology
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.563-587
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to understand the ways to enhance academic help-seeking by analyzing the structural relations among individual(achievement goal orientation) and contextural (teacher behaviors and classroom climate) factors known to affect help-seeking, one of the effective self-regulated learning strategies, for upper elementary students. More specifically, it explored the mediational roles of general classroom climate and student achievement goal orientation in the relation between supportive teacher behaviors and student academic help-seeking. A survey was administered to 315 fifth- or sixth-grade students in three elementary schools and the data from the survey was analyzed. Main results are as follows. First, supportive and learning-oriented teacher behaviors with high expectation related to more cohesive and positive classroom climate and more adaptive achievement goal such as mastery goal. Positive classroom climate played an important role in improving student mastery goal, and only mastery goal among different types of achievement goal orientation had a positive prediction of student help-seeking. Second, teacher behaviors significantly predicted student help-seeking through a double mediation of classroom climate and student mastery goal, which showed that classroom contextual factors and student individual factors interacted for help-seeking. These results suggest that the role of teachers as well as the mastery goal of students are important for enhancing students' help-seeking behavior as an adaptive learning strategy.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.150-161
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• 2022

Matter is a basic concept that students should understand during their science classes. However, many difficulties are associated with understanding the concepts of matter due to its abstraction. In this study, the elementary school students' understanding of the concept of matter and the examples of matter and non-matter are investigated and analyzed by grade. The subjects of this study were 418 students from third grade to sixth grade. The survey was conducted using a free-response questionnaire comprising three questions. The results are as follows. First, the elementary school students' conceptions of matter were "materials that make up objects," "what can be seen and touched," and "solid, liquid, and gas." As the grade increased, the explanations for a material decreased and the explanations for the state of matter increased. Furthermore, only few students explained matter in terms of mass and volume. Second, solids were the most common examples of matter presented by the students, and liquids and gases were included in the upper grades. However, there were many cases in the upper grades where students were unable to distinguish between objects and matter. Third, non-matter was properly presented by the 6th graders as compared to the other graders, and in many cases, objects, liquids, and gases were mentioned as non-matter. Fourth, it was found that the students' conceptions of matter influenced the examples of matter and non-matter that they presented.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.499-505
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• 2022

This study aims to provide basic data for the development of educational programs for effective gender equality education in elementary schools by confirming the consciousness of gender equality in the 5th and 6th graders of elementary school. In this study, 5th and 6th graders attending three elementary schools located in G and A cities explained the research and collected data using questionnaires from 190 people who wished to participate in the research. Frequency analysis and percentage were used for general characteristics of subjects, and t-test and ANOVA were used for differences in gender equality awareness according to subjects' sex, grade, and number of siblings. Consciousness of gender equality showed an average of 3.47 points out of 4, with an average of 3.51 points in the social and cultural life area, 3.49 points in the home life area, 3.47 points in the school life area, and 3.38 points in the vocation life area. Various activities should be conducted to raise students' consciousness of gender equality, and families, schools, and society should jointly strive to create a gender-equal cultural climate. Future study is needed to identify the factors affecting the gender equality awareness of elementary school students.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.29
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• pp.311-349
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• 2010

This report introduces the papers on Japanese Confucianism and Kokugaku thought written in Japanese, Korean, Chinese language and English during 2008. In this paper the data is based on the periodicals index databases of the digital libraries such as the National Diet Library of Japan, the China Academic Journal of China, the National Central Library of Taiwan and the National Assembly Library of Korea and so on. There were 42 articles published on the Japanese Confucian School. In the articles, 29 ones were written in Japanese, 7 in Korean, 4 in Chinese, and 2 in English. 54 articles were published on Yangming School, 41 written in Japanese, 2 in Korean, 10 in Chinese, 1 in English. 50 ones also published on Kohaku School or Mitogaku School. In the articles there were 32 ones written in Japanese, 7 in Korean, 9 in Chinese, 2 in English. And 58 ones on Kokugaku School were published, 51 were written in Japanese, 4 in Korean, 1 in Chinese, 2 in English. Totally 204 articles were written in Japanese, Korean, Chinese, or English language in 2008 throughout the world. This report is divided into 4 chapters, such as Chapter 1 - Syusigaku School, Chapter 2 - Youmeigaku school, Chapter 3 - Kohaku School and Mitogaku School and Chapter 4 - Kokugaku School. In each chapter, some articles are briefly introduced and some are in detail.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.115-142
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• 2018

This research analyzed domestic researches on early algebra education which are published in six major mathematics education journals in Korea. The purpose of this work is to grasp trends of early algebra education in Korea and to draw up future tasks. From 2000 to 2017, 89 papers which are related to early algebra education published in 6 journals. The 89 papers were categorized by research period, academic journals, research topics, and research subjects. As a result, the number of researches on early algebra education in Korea has increased since 2000. Although early algebra education belongs to the field of elementary mathematics education, lots of papers were published in other math education journals than in the math education journals for elementary school mathematics. Most research focused on proportional reasoning across the algebraic content area. The majority of the research subjects were students, especially upper-grade students of elementary school. Based on the results of this study, some implications for early algebra education in Korea were suggested.

• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.341-355
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to analyze the research trends of elementary mathematics education in Japan. For this purpose, 192 papers published by Japan Society of Mathematics Education for the last 10 years(2004-2013) were analyzed according to there criteria. First, as for research topics, the frequent topics in order were instructional design and methods (36.7%), analysis of curriculum and textbook, general studies, learners' perspectives and abilities, evaluation, teacher education, education engineering and parish. Second, the contents were researched by the order of number and operations (47.4%), geometry, regularity, measurement and probability and statistics. Finally, research subjects of this study were researched by the order of students(39.3%), teachers. Papers dealing with lower graders as well as pre-service teachers were rare. And article dealing with low-achievers and gifted students were not founded. On the basis of this result, we hope it will provide the follow-up and the idea of the elementary mathematics education in Korea and also help various and balanced development.