• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.149-160
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• 2021

In this study, artificial intelligence-based algorithms were proposed, which included a fuzzy search for matching suspects between current and historical crimes in order to obtain related cases in criminal history, as well as conditional generative adversarial networks for crime prediction system (CPS) using Timor-Leste as a case study. By comparing the data from the criminal records, the built algorithms transform witness descriptions in the form of sketches into realistic face images. The proposed algorithms and CPS's findings confirmed that they are useful for rapidly reducing both the time and successful duties of police officers in dealing with crimes. Since it is difficult to maintain social safety nets with inadequate human resources and budgets, the proposed implemented system would significantly assist in improving the criminal investigation process in Timor-Leste.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.109-117
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• 2008

The first phase of School Zone Improvement Project introduced to enhance the safety of school-routes were completed by 2007 and the second phase of the project will be continued from 2008 to 2012. Since a huge budget is required for the project, there is a need to evaluate how many child-related crashes were reduced through the project, prior to the implementation of the second phase. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the influence of the School Zone Improvement Project on reduction in child-related crashes with data collected from the database of the National Police Agency. This study employed a Before-and-After study with comparison group to assess how many crashes were reduced. The results showed that the number of child-related crashes were decreased by 10, which is about 39% reduction in crash frequencies. With respect to the land use characteristics of school zones, the number of reduced crashes in residential zone, commercial zone, and mixed zone were 2.41, 3.8, and 0.5, respectively. The results may provide a significant implication for the second phase of the project that there is a need to establish different plans for improvement project with respect to land use characteristics.

• Current Industrial and Technological Trends in Aerospace
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.75-92
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• 2007

2002년 프론티어사업의 일환으로서, 10년간 1200억의 예산으로 미래형 신개념비행체 기술개발사업을 시작한 스마트무인기사업은, $2002{\sim}2003$년 수행한 개념연구를 통해 미래형 신개념 고속 수직이착륙 항공기 개념으로서 틸트로터 개념을 선정하고 이의 개발에 매진하고 있다. 사업단에서는 우선, 항공 선진국에서 지난 반세기 동안 시행한 다양한 비행체 개념연구결과에 대해 자체적인 비교 분석 및 국제공동 연구를 근간으로하여, 당시 틸트로터에 필적하는 가능성을 보였던 스탑트로터(보잉사), 복합자이로콥터(카터콥터사) 개념이 아닌, 틸트로터 비행체의 기술개발을 결정하게 되었다. 각각의 비행체 개념이 갖는 위험성과 도전성, 그리고 소요기술, 설계특성, 개발 위험도 등에 대한 면밀한 분석을 기초로 한 사업단의 체계적 의사결정은 주효했다. 스탑트로터개념은 비행시험의 잇단 실패와 지연/잠정 중단사태가 이어졌고, 복합자이로콥터 또한 잇단 비행사고로 2002년 기록한 148kts를 능가하는 고속성능 시현에 지금까지 실패함으로써, 실용화 가능한 고속수직이착륙기로서의 검증을 위해서는 해결해야할 기술적 과제가 많이 남아있음을 보여주고 있다. 반면, 틸트로터 개념의 경우 V-22의 설계 수정형에 대한 성공적인 비행시험완료 및 인증획득으로 전면양산승인이 2005년 결정되어 458대가 (미해병대(360), 해군(48), 공군(50)) 납품될 예정이고, 2010년 인증획득을 목표로 민수용으로 개발중인 BA609의 순조로운 비행시험진행, 무인기로 개발된 Eagle Eye 기술시현기의 비행 시험성공과 2003년 미 해양경찰청으로부터 Deep Water 프로그램의 장거리 순찰임무 주력기종 선정과 같이 군용, 상용, 무인용 고속 수직이착륙 시장의 전 방위적 진입이 현실화되고 있다. 이에 따라 항공업계의 반응은 2가지 방향으로 나뉘고 있다. 하나는 유럽의 ERICA 프로그램과 같이 틸트로터 기술 개발을 서두르자고 주장하는 방향이고, 다른 하나는 시콜스키의 X2 프로그램과 같이 틸트로터와는 차별화된 독자적인 고속 수 직이착륙 비행체 개념 개발을 시도하는 것이다. 이러한 배경으로 국내 독자적인 기술력으로 지난해까지 일구어낸 성공적인 스마트무인기 상세설계 종료 및 축소형 비행체 전환비행성공은 그 의의가 매우 크다고 할 수 있다. 본 논문은 틸트로터 개발사를 통해, 신개념 비행체 개발의 어려움과 교훈을 알아보고, 세계에서 2번째로 틸트로터 기술을 개발하고 있는 스마트무인기 사업의 현황과 기술적 특징 및 의의의 정리, 그리고 틸트로터의 대안으로 진행중인 새로운 고속 VTOL 비행체 연구현황에 대한 소개 와 간단한 기술적 평가를 포함시켰다.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.167-177
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• 2018

Major countries, such as the U.S., UK and Germany have reformed their national intelligence systems in the face of transnational, asymmetric and comprehensive threats since September 11, 2001 and have strengthened the intelligence capacity involved in countering terrorism and WMD proliferation, right/left extremism threats. The Korean Moon Jae-in government is preparing a reform plan to eliminate illegal political intervention and abuse of power by the National Intelligence Service(NIS) and to rebuild it as an efficient national intelligence agency for national security. In discussing the reform direction of the NIS, it is necessary to discuss in detail whether adopting a separate model of intelligence agencies to restrict domestic intelligence activities of the NIS and concentrate on foreign intelligence activities or establish new domestic intelligence agencies. Second, as for the issue of transferring anti-Communism investigation authority of the NIS to the police, it needs to be carefully considered in terms of balancing the efficiency and professionalism of intelligence agency activity in the context of North Korea's continuous military provocation, covert operations and cyber threats. Third, it should strive to strengthen the control and supervision functions of the administration and the National Assembly to ensure the political neutrality of the NIS in accordance with the democratization era, to guarantee citizens' basic rights and to improve the transparency of budget execution.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.226-237
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• 2021

Coastal safety accidents are characterized by a high proportion of human negligence and repeated occurrences of accidents caused by the same factors. The Korea Coast Guard prepares and implements various countermeasures to prevent accidents at coastal safety accident sites. However, there is a shortage of safety facilities and safety management personnel according to the limited budget. In addition, the ability to be proactively and proactively respond is low due to the limitations of the coastal safety accident risk forecasting system, which relies on the meteorological warning of the Korea Meteorological Administration. In this study, as part of preparing the foundation for establishing a preemptive and active coastal safety management system that can manage accident-causing factors, predict and evaluate risk, and implement response and mitigation measures after an accident occurs before coastal safety accidents occur. The establishment of a risk assessment system was proposed. The main evaluation factors and indicators for risk assessment were established through the analysis of the status of coastal safety accidents. The risk assessment methodology was applied to 40 major hazardous areas designated and managed by the Korea Coast Guard.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.50
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• pp.209-237
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• 2017

Theories on 'opportunity for crime' have utilized CCTV in crime prevention approach, and empirical studies showing crime prevention effects of CCTV have supported expansion of CCTV installation. Particularly, in Korea, the number of CCTV installation had tripled from 2011 to 2015, and governmental policies regarding CCTV have become one of the mainstream social control strategies. Although a couple of empirical studies showed decrease in crime rate due to CCTV installation, there is no study investigating B/C analysis(Benefit vs. cost analysis) of CCTV installation. B/C analysis results will be beneficial for official decision-making of criminal justice policy, and this study is purported to produce such fundamental evidence for policy making procedure. To fulfill this goal, this study collected data on financial information, crime data between 2011 and 2015 across the nation from 232 governmental district offices and the Korean National Police. This study then conducted two different B/C analyses(simple B/C analysis, regression-based B/C analysis). The simple B/C analysis results showed that 1) total costs for CCTV installation in 2014 was 68,626,000,000 won(approximately, US$57,188,333.00, money exchange rate 1200won=US$1), 2) benefits of crime reduction was 90,888,000,000 won(appx. US$75,740,000), and 3) B/C rate was 1.32. The regression-based B/C analysis results showed that 1) B/C rate was 1.52 when only reduced costs of criminal justice processes for crime employed, and 2) B/C rate was 3.62 when overall social costs including reduced costs of criminal justice processes and social benefits, e.g., reduction in costs for managing fear of crime, due to the crime reduction. Based on the results, this study provided policy implications.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.58
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• pp.81-106
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• 2019

This study analyzed safety management system against disasters perceived by local residents of Chungcheongbuk-do and then examined the policy directions to be considered in order for local governments to improve the safety level of residents and build an effective safety management system against disasters. The findings were as follows. First, in their recognition of risks of safety against disasters, recognition on the possibility of the occurrence of natural disasters was higher than that of social disasters or safety accidents. Secondly, also in the aspect of the importance of category of safety management against disasters, they recognized that of natural disasters far higher than others. Third, they showed satisfaction higher than average with basic job performance of local governments related with safety management, whereas they showed relatively less satisfaction with the aspects of check and publicity of risk factors, and short-term restoration system out of phased job performance. Fourth, in the aspect of capability of local governments for safety management against disasters, they rated positively capability of the responsible departments and the professionality, whereas they relatively underestimated the scale or budget of safety-related organizations. Fifth, the policy directions to be taken for safety against disasters by local governments included strengthening of regular education like experience-based training, expansion of education among local residents, more support for relevant facilities and resources, activation of residents-participating campaigns, improvement of apparatus and personnel treatment related with firefighting and security, frequent patrol and oversight, more exercises against disasters. So, to strengthen safety management system against disasters in local governments and build a effective responding system may need to extend programs assisting vulnerable class to safety against disasters, build a community-friendly safety management system, extend the cooperation system by participation of residents, enhance collaboration and support system with safety-related bodies like police, firefighters.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.155-165
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• 2021

The measures to extend local education autonomy are as follows: First, it is necessary to correct the confusion of the legal system of the local education autonomy system. For this, Article 12, Paragraph 2 and 4 of the 「Special Act on Local Autonomy and Decentralization, and Restructuring of Local Administrative Systems」 which state that "The State shall endeavor to consolidate systems for autonomy in education and local government" and "The implementation of autonomy in education and the autonomous police system shall be prescribed separately by Acts" should be deleted. Second, it is necessary to clarify unnecessary legal matters and regulatory measures for unification at the national level and to proactively consider the introduction of the legal trust system, in which education affairs are designated as local governments' own work and the state carries out specific affairs. The decentralization of local education finance is a key factor for the development of local education autonomy, and it requires the transfer of authority and resources to the region, and the enhancement of local autonomy and corresponding responsibility. First, the ratio of special grants must be adjusted further (from 3% to 2%) or the ratio of national policy projects must be lowered. Second, the provision that requires a consultation with a mayor/governor when making a budget covered by transfers from general accounts should be deleted. Third, it is necessary to remove the elements that limit the authority of city and provincial councils. Fourth, it is necessary to integrate the national education tax and the local education tax to create the education autonomy tax (tentative name) for only one independent purpose. Fifth, it is necessary to strengthen the distribution of the total amount of grants and abolish the settlement regulations for the measurement items of standard financial demand. Sixth is the expansion of the participation of stakeholders and experts in the grant distribution process. Seventh, it is necessary to establish a long-term employment system by designating the education finance field as a special field. Eight is the expansion of cooperative governance.