• Title/Summary/Keyword: 개화시기

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Prediction Model for Flowering date of Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz. using a Plant Phenology Model (생물계절모형을 이용한 진달래 개화 예상시기 모형 연구)

  • Sung-Tae Yu;Byung-Do Kim;Hyeon-Ho Park;Jin-Yeong Baek;Hye-Yeon Kwon;Myung-Hoon Yi
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2020.08a
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    • pp.31-31
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    • 2020
  • 본 연구는 대표적인 봄 꽃 식물인 진달래(Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz.)의 개화시기를 예측하기 위해 지난 9년간(2011년-2019년) 주왕산 지역에 생육하는 진달래의 식물계절자료(파열·개화·개엽·만개·낙엽)와 기상자료(일평균기온·일최고기온·일최저기온)를 토대로 이탈리아 생물기상연구소(IBMET)의 Chill Day 개화 예측모형인 생물계절모형을 실시하였다. 생물계절모형에 의한 예상 발아일간 편차의 제곱을 최소로 하는 조합은 기준온도 5℃, 저온요구량과 가온요구량은 97.94로 나타났다. 즉, 휴면해제일로부터 기준온도 5℃로 Chill Day를 누적시켜 97.94에 도달하는 날짜가 낙엽~내생휴면해제일이자 내생휴면해제일~발아기간까지의 값이며, 내생휴면해제일을 기점으로 개화일까지 102.93이 개화에 필요한 가온량으로 나타났다. 2011년부터 2019년까지 개화예상일을 기상청 회귀모형을 실관측기온에 적용한 결과 오차는 MAE=1.44이며, 생물계절모형을 적용할 경우 오차는 MAE=1.39, 기준온도 5℃일 경우 MAE=4.23, 기준온도 6℃일 경우 MAE=5.47, 기준온도 7℃일 경우 MAE=5.05로 나타나 생물계절에 의한 관측과 기상청의 회귀모형이 가장 유사한 것으로 나타났다. 가장 최근인 2018년과 2019년의 기상청 회귀모형와 생물계절모형의 개화 예측일을 비교한 결과, 2018년의 경우 청송지역의 진달래는 기상청 회귀모형에서 3월 30일 전후로 개화를 예상하였고 생물계절모형은 기준온도 5℃에 적용할 경우 내생휴면일에 가장 근접한 날은 3월 26일이였으며 이를 기준으로 가온량의 합이 102.93에 가깝게 되는 날인 4월 2일을 전후로 개화를 예측하였다. 실제 청송 주왕산의 진달래는 4월 3일에 개화를 시작하여 생물계절모형과 매우 유사함을 확인하였다. 2019년의 경우 청송지역의 진달래는 기상청 회귀모형에서 3월 25일 전후로 개화를 예상하였고 생물계절모형은 기준온도 5℃에 적용할 경우 내생휴면일에 가장 근접한 날은 3월 8일이였으며 이를 기준으로 가온량의 합이 102.93에 가깝게 되는 날인 3월 29일을 전후로 개화를 예측하였다. 실제 청송 주왕산의 진달래는 4월 5일에 개화를 시작하여 오히려 생물계절모형과 더욱 유사함을 확인하였다.

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Changes of Growth and Flowering Characteristics in Rapeseed Cultivars with Different Sowing Date (파종시기에 따른 유채(Brassica napus L.) 품종별 생육 및 개화특성)

  • Lee, Tae Sung;Lee, Yong Hwa;Kim, Kwang Soo;Lee, Hoo Kwan;Jang, Young Seok;Choi, In Hu;Kim, Kwan Su
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.80-88
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    • 2014
  • This study was carried out to understand the effect of sowing date on growth characteristics, flower duration of a total of 6 domestic rapeseed cultivars, "Sunmang", "Tammiyuchae", "Tamlayuchae", "Naehanyuchae", "Yongsanyuchae" and "Hallayuchae" with different sowing dates (25 Sept., 5 Oct., 15 Oct., 25 Oct., 5 Nov.) in Muan, Jeollanamdo, Republic of Korea. The results obtained were summarized as the follows: The number of seedling stand after overwintering was decreased in all 6 cultivars. It changed little until 5 Oct., and then showed continuously largely decrease as the sowing date being delayed. As the sowing date was being delayed, plant height was decreased while Silique length and thousand seed weight were increased. Seed yield in all 6 cultivars decreased almost linearly with late sowing date. In correlation analysis between the delaying sowing date and growth characteristics, it was inversely correlated with plant height ($r=-0.769^{**}$), No. of branches/plant ($r=-0.760^{**}$), No. of siliqua/panicle ($r=-0.631^{**}$) and seed yield ($r=-0.946^{**}$), while showed a positive correlation with silique length (r=0.635), seed diameter ($r=0.629^{**}$) and thousand grain weight ($r=0.422^*$). No. of seeds/silique and seed set percentage were not significantly correlated with the delaying sowing date. The flower duration was long in order of Sunmang, Tammiyuchae, Yongsanyuchae, Naehanyuchae, Hallayuchae and Tamlayuchae. Varietal variation of flowering date was larger with early sowing date than with delaying sowing date. The range of flower duration across all cultivars was from 1 day of Tamlayuchae to 14 days of Sunmang according to the sowing date, and the end flowering date was able to be extended from 2 to 9 days, compared to normal date of end flowering.

Effect of Rainfall Time after Flowering on Grain Yield and Quality in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) (홍화 개화후 강우 시기가 종실 수량과 품질에 미치는 영향)

  • Park Jun-Hong;Park So-Deuk;Kim Se-Jong
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.340-343
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    • 2006
  • This study was conducted to find out the effect of rainfall time on growth and seed quality in safflower. Rainfall was done artificially and the treatment of rainfall time was divided into 6 parts. Each rainfall treatment was done from the first day of flowering up to the fifth day after flowering, from sixth day after flowering to the tenth day after flowering, from the eleventh day after flowering to the fifteenth day after flowering, from sixteenth day after flowering to twentith day after flowering, from the twenty first day after flowering to the twenty fifth day after flowering and from twenty sixth day after flowering to thirtith day after flowering. Rainfall time after flowering did not affect disease occurrence on the upper part and flower bud of safflower, which were infected at were 3.3 and 1, respectively. Ripened grain found on the main stem and primary branch was 37.4% and 65.0% at first day to the fifth day and sixth day to the tenth day rainfall periods after flowering, respectively. Yield was decreased by 14% in the sixth day up to the tenth day and eleventh day up to the fifteenth day rainfall periods (282-281kg/10a) compared to the one under control (327kg/10a). Hunter's L value was 73.5 and 69.9 in twenty first up to the twenty fifth day and twenty sixth up to the thirtith day rainfall periods after flowering, which decreased significantly to 79.3 under non-rainfall period. Therefore, it can be concluded that the optimum harvest time is twenty fifth day after flowering to maintain seed quality at rainfall time and before harvesting period.

Growth and Flowering of Orostachys japonicus A. Berger as Affected by Transplanting Time (정식시기에 따른 바위솔의 생장과 개화)

  • Lee, Chang-Woo;Jeon, Seung-Ho;Kim, Hong-Young;Shin, Sung-Cheol;Kang, Jin-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.16-19
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    • 2008
  • Shoot parts of a monocarpic and short day plant Orostachys japonicus have been used as a herbal medicine. The study was carried out to examine the effect of transplanting time (May 30, June 30, July 30) of its seedlings on its growth, morphological characters, and flowering. Two hours night-break treatment at midnight was done since Aug. 25 when samples were taken afterward every 4 weeks. Growth, morphological and flowering related characters were measured from each sample. Plant height and inflorescence length became longer with delayed transplanting time. Number of leaves including bracts and stem diameter were more and thicker when transplanted on June 30 than two other treatments. Leaves and bracts, stem, root, shoot and total dry weights showed nearly the same result to the number of leaves although floret dry weight were increased as transplanting time was delayed. Although florets were most formed when transplanted on June 30, they were not flowered because of the night-break treatment, meaning that the transplanting time had little effect on its growth and anthesis of the florets.

Effects of different shading levels in summer on the growth and flowering of Doritaenopsis hybrida (하절기 차광 정도가 Doritaenopsis의 생육과 개화에 미치는 영향)

  • 이동수;박삼기;이용범;유기문
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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    • 2003.04a
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    • pp.123-127
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    • 2003
  • 호접란 생산에 있어서 광환경은 제어하기 어려운 환경요인중 하나이다. 현재 호접란을 생산하는 농가에서는 고정형태의 차광 시설을 이용하여 과도한 차광환경 아래에서 생산하는 경향이 두드러진다. 이러한 과도한 광 차단은 호접란의 생육을 억제 할 수 있으며 그 결과 생산시기가 길어짐에 따라 노동력과 생산비의 상승을 가져온다. 호접란에 있어 광환경이 개화에 미치는 영향은 매우 크며, 개화촉진이나 억제에 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있다. (중략)

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5월의 꿀벌관리

  • Lee, Seong-Bae
    • The Korea Beekeeping Bulletin
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    • s.330
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    • pp.24-29
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    • 2008
  • 5월은 최대 강군을 육성하자 5월은 양봉인의 계절이라 하여도 과언이 아니다. 남부지방은 4월말부터 5월 중순 까지 아카시아 꽃이 개화되어 채밀이 시작되어 5월 말쯤에는 끝이 난다. 양봉인들은 아카시아 꽃의 개화기간이 길어지고, 적정한 날씨가 유지되어 대풍작이 이루어지길 간절히 기원하는 계절, 5월이 다가왔다. 세계는 기후온난화현상으로 각종 생태계가 변화하고 개화기간이 점점 앞당겨지는 현상이 일어나고 있으므로 양봉농가여러분께서는 이러한 점 등을 착안하여 봄벌 사양관리와 이동준비를 해야 할 것이다. 아카시아 벌꿀 생산의 연중 80%이상을 차지하는 매우 중요한 시기이므로 최대의 강군을 육성하는 것이 양봉농가의 벌꿀생산에 승패가 좌우하게 된다.

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Effects of Harvesting Time on Yields of Carthami Flos and Grain in Cathamus tinctoris L. (잇꽃 수확시기(收穫時期)에 따른 홍화(紅花) 및 종실(種實) 수량(收量))

  • Choi, Byoung-Ryourl;Park, Kyeong-Yeol;Kang, Chang-Sung
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.5 no.3
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    • pp.232-236
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    • 1997
  • This experiment was conducted to determinate the optimum harvesting time of Carthami Flos and grain in safflower. In dry Carthami Flos yields harvested at different days after flowering, threre was no significant difference between 2 days and 4 days, however, yield harvested at 6 days was decreased significantly compared with 2 days after flowering. As the harvesting time were delayed, lightness (L') and redness (a') of dry Carthami Flos were decreased but yellowness (b') of that was increased. Color differences (${\Delta}E'ab$) of dry Carthami Flos between harvesting days after flowering were not visible between 4 days and 6 days but between those (4 days and 6 days) and 2 days were visible. As the result, the optimum harvesting time of Carthami Flos was 4 days after flowering. Grain yields and its components were affected by not harvesting Carthami Flos but grain harvesting time. Threre was no significant difference in number of grain per flower head, percentage of ripened grain between grain harvesting time. However, weight of 1000 grains and grain yields increased until 20 days after flowering. As a conclusion, the optimum harvesting time was 4 days after flowering for Carthami Flos and 20 days for grain regardless Carthami Flos harvesting time.

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Control Efficacy of Gray Mold on Strawberry Fruits by Timing of Chemical and Microbial Fungicide Applications (살균제와 미생물제 처리시기에 따른 딸기 잿빛곰팡이병 방제효과)

  • Nam, Myeong-Hyeon;Kim, Hyeon-Suk;Lee, Won-Keun;Gleason, Mark L.;Kim, Hong-Gi
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.151-155
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    • 2011
  • The fungus Botrytis cinerea causes fruit rot of strawberry and the damages can result in harvest losses upto 50%. Proper timing of fungicide application is essential for successful control of Botrytis fruit rot, fenhexamid plus iminoctadine tris, cyprodinil plus fludioxonil, fludioxonil alone, and Bacillus subtilis QST713 were applied to individual buds, flowers, and green and red fruit of cultivar 'Seolhyang' ex vivo. Cyprodinil plus fludioxonil or fludioxonil alone was applied i) before and after a 5-hr period of low-temperature ($0^{\circ}C$) incubation ex vivo ii) in field trials. Strawberry flowers and red fruit were more susceptible to B. cinerea than the green fruits. Incidence of Botrytis rot with fenhexamid plus iminoctadine tris and cyprodinil plus fludioxonil was the lowest at flowering, whereas B. subtilis QST713 did not significantly among treatments. In 2010, incidence of Botrytis fruit rot was significantly reduced when fludioxonil was applied two times at 1 week intervals from 50% bloom in field trials. Cultivars Redpearl and Seolhyang were more susceptible to low-temperature than cvs. Maehyang and Akihime. Cyprodinil plus fludioxonil application was effective when applied before onset of the low-temperature treatment period. Fludioxonil showed the most effective when it was sprayed one and more than two times in before and post low-temperature condition, respectively. These results demonstrate that fungicide selection and timing can interact with stage of fruit development and low-temperature in determining effectiveness of suppression of Botrytis fruit rot.

Blooming Time of Tilia amurensis Rupr. in Mountainous Area and Prediction of its Blooming Progress Using Growing Degree Day Model (산악 지역에서의 피나무(Tilia amurensis Rupr.) 개화시기와 성장온일도를 이용한 개화 진행 예측)

  • Kim, Min-Jung;Son, Minwong;Lee, Juhyeok;Jung, Chuleui
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2022
  • Tilia amurensis is an important honey plant. As T. amurensis mainly distributes mountainous area with various elevations in Korea, accurate prediction of blooming time at the different elevation would benefit forest beekeepers. In this study, we measured time-dependent blooming progress of T. amurensis in Mt. Gariwang area ranging from 500-1500m. Additionally we collected blooming data from web and published literatures and estimated the variation of blooming time relative to the geographic locations. Flowers began to bloom from July 6 to July 22 with full blooming on July 14 in location where elevation is 638m in Mt. G ariwang area in 2021. Based on these databases, a growing degree day (G DD) model was developed for prediction of T. amurensis blooming progress using average daily temperatures. Using the starting date of G DD accumulation of January 1 and base temperature of 5 ℃, blooming period ranging from 10% to 90% of cumulative blooming rate was estimated as 860-1198 degree days (DD). This corresponded to the beginning to the end of July in Mt. Gariwaning area in 2021. This model could explain the phenological variations of T. amurensis flower blooming possibly affected by elevation within geographic area, latitude or year relative to the climate change, and aid forest beekeepers for better timing of nectar foraging by honey bees.