• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.331-339
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• 2008

The effects of heat and formaldehyde treatments of soybean meal and rapeseed meal on ruminal release of minerals from the meals were studied on three sheep fitted with rumen cannula. Oilseed meals were treated at 133, $143^{\circ}C$ for 3h or added with formaldehyde at a level of 3, 5g/kg. The ruminal release of P, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe and Zn from the oilseed meals was examined using the nylon bag technique. Effective degradabilities of minerals in the oilseed meals were reduced by both treatments. The results suggest that rumen bypass treatments of oilseed meals prevent the release of minerals from the meals during rumen digestion and suppress the availability of mineals for ruminants. Eventually, the increase of heavy metal pollution in soil is anticipated due to the increase of mineral content in the feces of ruminants by ruminal protein bypass treatments.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.89-96
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• 2011

The objective of this study is to evaluate reduction efficiency of various air purifiers on airborne microorganism causing air infected animal disease according to sample collection method. Collection efficiencies of MS2 virus and Pseudomonas fluorescens by biosampler was significantly higher than those by button sampler (p<0.05). Regardless of types of air purifier and sample collection method, temporal reduction efficiencies of MS2 virus and P. fluorescens compared to initial background concentration were >50% and >45% on 5 minutes, >70% and >50% on 15 minutes, >80% and >70% on 30 minutes and >90% and >75% on 60 minutes after operating air purifier, respectively. The air purifier of ionizer type showed the highest reduction efficiency on MS2 virus followed by air purifier of electronic precipitation, water filter and dry filter while the reduction efficiency of air purifier on P. fluorescens was highest in the electronic precipitation type followed by ionizer type, dry filter type and water filter type (p<0.05). Based on the results obtained from this study, temporal reduction efficiency of air purifier on MS2 virus was relatively higher than P. fluorescens.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.105-112
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• 2016

The drying test was carried on the globular type cow manure pellet for use in solid fuel applications. The globular type cow manure pellet fuel was sorted according to size by rotatory sieves. The three kind of drying methods such as convection hot-air drying method, infrared ray drying method and superheated steam method were used to dry the globular type cow manure pellet. Among the three kind of drying methods, superheated steam method of dry time was the shortest. The apparent specific gravity and low calorific value of dried cow manure pelltes was about $250{\sim}350kg/m^3$ and above 3,000 kcal/kg respectively. The smaller the particle size of cow manure pellets, the less drying time was required. The time was required very less for drying smaller particle size cow manure pellet when compared to larger size. In the case of the same drying condition, it has been found that reducing the particle size of cow manure fuel pellet is an important factor for shortening the drying time of the livestock manure pellet.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.35 no.12
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• pp.861-866
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to investigate the biodegradation of dissolved organic matter derived from animal carcass disposal soil using soil inhabited bacteria and to identify the bacteria involved in the biodegradation. The two soils were obtained from the animal carcass burial sites located in Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, Korea. The results indicated that during the biodegradation experiments (56 days), 48% of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was mineralized within 13 days in soil-derived solution 1 (initial DOC = 19.88 mgC/L), and the DOC concentration at 56 days was $8.8{\pm}0.4$ mg C/L, indicating 56% mineralization of DOC. In soil-derived solution 2 (initial DOC = 19.80 mgC/L), DOC was mineralized drastically within 13 days, and the DOC concentration was decreased to $6.0{\pm}0.4$ mg C/L at 56 days (76% mineralization of DOC). Unlike DOC value, the specific UV absorbance ($SUVA_{254}$) value, an indicator of proportion of aromatic structures in total organic carbon, tended to increase until 21 days and then decreased thereafter. The $SUVA_{254}$ values in soil-derived solutions 1 and 2 were the highest at 21 days. The microbial analysis demonstrated that Pseudomonas fluorescens, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Nocardioides simplex, Pseudomonas mandelii, Bosea sp. were detected at 14 days of incubation, whereas Pseudomonas veronii appeared as a dominant species at 56 days.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.191-195
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• 2001

This research was carried out to investigate the effect of ozone treatment to improve the livestock drinking water quality. Ozone concentration treated was 18.5~36.5ppm in each system. PH and dissolved oxygen(DO) concentration in drinking water was increased by ozone and ozone+anion treatment. But there was no difference in UV used for drinking water treatment. Oxidation and deduction Potential(ORP) was increased while ozone was treated. Colony Forming Unit(CFU) of E. coli 0.8:$H^-$, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus was decreased after 30 minute to 1 hour ozone and UV treatment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.565-576
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• 2021

This study was undertaken to measure changes in the composition of elk velvet antlers, by considering the part and growth days (40th day, 60th day). The collected samples were divided into the tip, upper, middle, and base part by position. Samples were analyzed for moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, crude fiber, pH, minerals, and fatty acid and amino acid contents. The amounts of crude protein and crude fat were determined to be highest at the tip of the velvet antler by position, whereas dry matter and crude ash were high at the base. Crude protein contents were increased in the upper part but were decreased at the base, when assessed by growth day. Conversely, crude fiber and crude ash were found to be increased at the base by growth day. The pH value was determined to be lower at the tip, but did not differ when evaluated by growth day. Mineral contents (Ca, P, K) differed significantly by growth day in the middle portion of the antler. Saturated fatty acids tended to increase by growth day, whereas unsaturated fatty acids showed a decreasing trend. However, no significant difference was obtained for any of the components. Most amino acids were found to be high in the 60 days velvet antler, except isoleucine (Ile), which showed low levels at day 60. These results provide information on the changes in the composition of antlers, in cases of early cutting.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 1991

가축의 일란성 쌍태를 생산하기 위한 기술 개발을 확립하고자 상실배 및 포배기에 있는 BALB/c 계통의 생쥐 수정란을 micromanipulator로 분할 수정란을 작출하고 이를 체외배양을 실시하여 발달성적을 조사하였으며, 외과적 및 비외과적 이식을 실시하여 착상율 및 산자생산 성적을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 상실배 및 포기배에 있는 총 811개의 정상적인 수정란을 분할하여 이중에서 666(82.1%)개가 분할시의 물리적인 손상이 없이 분할되었고, 이때 분할 성공율은 발달단계 간에 유의적(P<0.05)인 차이가 없었다. 2. 분할 수정란중 상실배는 30-36시간, 초기 배반포 및 확장 배반포는 3-6시간 배양을 실시한 결과 분할 수정란중 한쌍이 모두 정상적으로 배양된 것은 각각 70.0%, 80.4% 및 73.1%로써 이들 발달단계 간에 유의적(P<0.05)인 차이가 없었다. 3. 분할된 상실배와 정상적인 수정란의 이식후 수태율은 각각 63.6% 및 61.3%로써 유의적(P<0.05)인 차이가 없었다. 그러나 분할된 상실배에 있어서 배양을 하지 않고 이식한 경우에는 전혀 수태되지 않았다(P<0.05). 4. 분할된 포배기 수정란을 체외 배양후 이식한 수태율(55.5%)과 배양과정을 거치지 않고 이식한 성적(43.8%) 그리고 정상적인 포배기 수정란을 이식한 수태율(55.4%) 간에는 유의적(P<0.05)인 차이가 없었다. 5. 분할 수정란을 외과적 방법으로 이식한 경우는 52.8%의 수태율을 얻었으나, 비외과적 방법으로 이식한 경우 27.5%로써 외과적 방법으로 이식한 경우보다 수태율이 유의적(P<0.05)으로 낮았다.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 1997

본 연구는 체외생산된 소 배반포기배의 inner cell mass (ICM) 세포에서 epidermal growth factor-receptor (EGF-R)의 발현 유무를 immunosurgery와 indirect immunofluorescence (간접 면역 형광방법)을 이용하여 조사하고자 실시하였다. 본 실험에 사용된 ICM 세포는 체외수정 후 7∼8일째에 회수된 소 배반포기배로부터 immunosurgery 방법을 실시하여 얻어졌으며, 회수된 ICM세포는 live/dead 염색방법을 통한 생사 유무와 EGF-R 발현 유무 조사에 공시되었다. 특히, 배반포기배에 대한 immunosurgery를 위해 trophectoderm 세포에 대한 rabbit anti-bovine trophectoderm cell antibody (RABTE)를 제조하여 사용하였다. 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. ICM세포의 회수율은 RABTE와 guinea pig serum (complement)에 각각 15∼30분과 15∼60분동안 처리했을 경우 16.7∼74.2%였으며, 또한 처리시간이 각각 30분과 30분일 때 가장 높은 회수율(74.2%)을 얻었다. Immunosurgery 후 얻어진 ICM세포의 생존 유무를 조사하기 위해 live/dead 염색 방법을 이용하였던바, ICM세포의 생존율은 complement가 60분 처리된 군(69.3%)을 제외한 모든 처리군에서 84.0∼91.6%의 높은 생존율을 나타냈다. 또한, 회수된 ICM세포에 대한 EGF-R의 존재를 확인하였다. 따라서, ICM세포에서의 EGF-R의 발현은 인위적으로 첨가된 EGF의 이용 가능성을 높임으로서 체외에서의 착상전 배 발달을 증진시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.297-300
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• 2015

이 논문에서는 가축관리의 효율성을 높일 수 있는 IoT 기술 기반의 지능형 축산정보 통합관리 시스템 및 구축 방안을 제안한다. 제안한 시스템은 체온, 활동량, 군집도와 같은 개체특성 정보와 온도, 습도, CO2 농도 등의 축사환경 정보를 무선센서 네트워크를 통해 실시간으로 수집한다. 수집된 정보는 가축개체별 생애주기 사양관리 스케쥴과 연동되어 신속한 관리가 필요한 이상상황을 자동으로 인식한다. 또한, 축적된 양질의 축산지식 정보는 허가된 범위 내에서 접종사, 수정사, 수의사, 축산공무원 등 축산종사자에게 공유된다. 제안한 시스템은 대규모 축사에서 수정, 분만, 질병관리 등 사양관리 시기를 자동으로 감지하여 축주에게 알려줄 수 있기 때문에 최소한의 시간과 비용으로 가축관리 효율성과 생산성을 높일 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 2000.10b
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• pp.40-43
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• 2000

참외의 시설재배면적이 증가함에 따라 재배기술과 소득은 향상되었으나 동일한 시설 내에서 같은 작물을 연작하고, 연중재배하므로써 연작장해가 많이 발생하고 있다(박 등, 1988). 연작장해의 주요 요인으로는 토양양분의 소모, 토양양분의 질적 악화, 토양반응 및 토양물리성의 악화, 독소의 집적, 토양병해충을 비롯한 유해 토양미생물의 증가 등을 들 수 있다(이, 1996). 특히 우리나라 시설재배지에서는 무기양분이 노지처럼 유실되지 않고 토양에 잔존해 있기 때문에 염류의 집적이 노지보다 많은데도 불구하고 다량의 가축분이나 무기양분을 과다시비하므로써 염류집적이 가중되고 있다. (중략)